Hi I feel dumb for asking the following but im at a loss. I am trying to create the following layout for a website but have not been able to create exactly what I want. I know it should be very simple to do but I'm a developer not a UI / UX wizard.
So im looking to have a side bar on the left with menu items, a top nav (fixed to the top of the page) and a footer fixed to the bottom of the page with the main body of the site scrolling within the area left between the top nav and footer.
There are also pages where I would like the content in the main body to be vertically and horizontally aligned (form input)
Ideally im looking to use bootstrap 5.2 but am not against using css grids or whatever magical methods there may be to get to what im looking to do. I'm also looking to try and make this all responsive hence starting to use Bootstrap I didn't want to have to implement my own media queries to do it.
Thanks in advance for any help or suggestions, I have been hitting my head against a brick wall with this for far too long and thought I would reach out and see if anyone was able to help.
You have two distinct columns, (1) sidebar and (2) everything else.
Within the main row, we can form the two columns: col-2 and col-10, with the first acting as our sidebar and the other acting as our main column.
In the main column, we add a row and then add to it the nav, main content and footers.
<div class="container-fluid h-100">
<div class="row h-100">
<div class="col-2 bg-dark text-light">
sidebar
</div>
<div class="col-10 bg-light">
<div class="row h-100">
<div class="col-12 bg-primary nav">
nav
</div>
<div class="col-12 main">
<p>1</p>
<div style="height: 5000px;">a</div>
<p>2</p>
</div>
<div class="col-12 bg-primary footer">
footer
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
In the CSS we set the height for the nav and footer, and then use calc() to measure the height our main content should be and set the overflow to scroll to get the scrollbar if the content is larger than the height.
.nav {
height: 60px;
}
.main {
height: calc(100vh - 120px);
background: #f1f1f1;
overflow: scroll;
}
.footer {
height: 60px;
}
Consider an unknown number of divs being created dynamically and styled using the bootstrap grid system. In this example, I'm using col-sm-4 so after every third block, we move to a new row. The blocks (divs) can be different heights, which is determined by the content within.
This is where I run into the layout problem. When moving to a new row, I want the fourth block to float to the left. This only happens when the left most div in the row above is also the shortest. I have pictures to illustrate.
Real Life:
The Dream:
The "correct" way to do this would be to wrap every three in a row class I beleive, but I'm not sure how to do this with dynamic content (could probably hack it) or if there's an easy css solution.
HTML:
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-12">
<div class="col-sm-4 block">
<div class="inner-block"></div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4 block">
<div class="inner-block"></div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4 block">
<div class="inner-block" style="height:150px"></div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4 block">
<div class="inner-block"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
CSS:
.block {
padding: 5px;
}
.inner-block {
height: 200px;
background-color: blue;
}
Plunker Example (expand preview to proper size)
If your system is unable to add first/last classes on every nth div, then you can use the nth-child css pseudo selector.
#media (min-width: 768px) {// For medium displays and above
.col-sm-4:nth-child(3n+1) { // We target every 3rd div but offset the count by 1 so that that 1st, 4th 7th etc divs are cleared
clear:both; // Clear the float
}
}
I want to create little panels/dashboard for my interface. In my case I want to have two panels like so
+-------------------------------+ +-------------------------------+
| | | |
| | | |
+-------------------------------+ +-------------------------------+
Generally it is easy with Bootstrap 3.
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
</div>
<div class="col-md-5 pull-right">
</div>
</div>
The problem is, the gap of col-md-2, as it is the case here, is way too big. I cannot use a col-md-1 gap, because then both sides do not have an equal size.
I also tried to add padding right and left, but that had not effect, too. What can I do here?
You could add a class which modifies the width of col-md-6. The width of this class is set to 50%. A smaller gap is achieved by reducing the width like so:
.dashboard-panel-6 {
width: 45%;
}
Add this to your div elements. This way the width rule of col-md-6 gets overriden.
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 dashboard-panel-6">...</div>
<div class="col-md-6 dashboard-panel-6">...</div>
</div>
You can use another div inside and give padding to that.
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="inner-div">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 pull-right">
<div class="inner-div">
</div>
</div>
</div>
.inner-div{
padding: 5px;
}
I posted this here already but it is still relevant the original question.
I have had similar issues with space between columns. The root problem is that columns in bootstrap 3 and 4 use padding instead of margin. So background colors for two adjacent columns touch each other.
I found a solution that fit our problem and will most likely work for most people trying to space columns and maintain the same gutter widths as the rest of the grid system.
This was the end result we were going for
Having the gap with a drop shadow between columns was problematic. We did not want extra space between columns. We just wanted the gutters to be "transparent" so the background color of the site would appear between two white columns.
this is the markup for the two columns
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-7">
<div class="raised-block">
<h3>Facebook</h3>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-5">
<div class="raised-block">
<h3>Tweets</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
CSS
.raised-block {
background-color: #fff;
margin-bottom: 10px;
margin-left: 0;
margin-right: -0.625rem; // for us 0.625rem == 10px
padding-left: 0.625rem;
padding-right: 0.625rem;
}
#media (max-width: 33.9em){ // this is for our mobile layout where columns stack
.raised-block {
margin-left: -0.625rem;
}
}
.row [class^="col-"]:first-child>.raised-block {
// this is so the first column has no margin so it will not be "indented"
margin-left: -0.625rem;
}
This approach does require an inner div with negative margins just like the "row" class bootstrap uses. And this div, we called it "raised-block", must be the direct sibling of a column
This way you still get proper padding inside your columns. I have seen solutions that appear to work by creating space, but unfortunately the columns they create have extra padding on either side of the row so it ends up making the row thinner that the grid layout was designed for. If you look at the image for the desired look, this would mean the two columns together would be smaller than the one larger one on top which breaks the natural structure of the grid.
The major drawback to this approach is that it requires extra markup wrapping the content of each columns. For us this works because only specific columns needed space between them to achieve the desired look.
Hope this helps
Here's another possibility:
Live view
Edit view
You will see that it uses 2 col-md-6, each with a nested col-md-11, and you position the nested row in the second div to the right.
The suggestion from Ken has clean HTML which I like. If your left and right panels use elements with widths defined by Bootstrap though (eg wells or form elements) the column padding could cause hassles and break the layout. This nested approach might be easier in this situation.
HTML
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-11">nested row col-md-11</div>
</div><!-- end nested row -->
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-11 col-md-offset-1">nested row col-md-11</div>
</div><!-- end nested row -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
Good luck!
My problem can be better understood by the image below.
I have several div elements (div A) which have a variable size that depends on their content.
They are displayed inblock inside a larger container with a max-with defined(the large outer rectangle without a name).
Everything works fine until I had inside divs A two other divs (B and C) which I what that look like the image.
I haven´t been successful. I've tried several combinations of css properties like display, margin, padding, float... negative margins... tables...
Any help would be welcome.
Update
the code looks like the example:
html
<div style="max-width: 800px;">
<div class="div_a">
<div class="div_b">
short text
</div>
<div class="div_c">
short text
</div>
</div>
<div class="div_a">
<div class="div_b">
looooong text
</div>
<div class="div_c">
looooong text
</div>
</div>
<div class="div_a">
<div class="div_b">
huuuuuge text
</div>
<div class="div_c">
huuuuuge text
</div>
</div>
</div>
css
.div_a{
display: inline;
}
.div_b{
display: block; /* doesn't work*/
}
.div_c{
display: block; /* doesn't work*/
}
If I understand correctly, this should do it:
.div_a{
display: inline-block;
}
:)
...assuming you don't have other styles, besides border and spacing properties.
A fiddle example here
I want to create alternating 100% colored blocks. An "ideal" situation is illustrated as an attachment, as well as the current situation.
Desired setup:
Currently:
My first idea was to create an div class, give it a background color, and give it 100% width.
.block {
width: 100%;
background: #fff;
}
However, you can see that this obviously doesn't work. It's confined to a container area. I tried to close the container and that didn't work either.
The container class is intentionally not 100% width. It is different fixed widths depending on the width of the viewport.
If you want to work with the full width of the screen, use .container-fluid:
Bootstrap 3:
<body>
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6"></div>
<div class="col-lg-6"></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-8"></div>
<div class="col-lg-4"></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-12"></div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
Bootstrap 2:
<body>
<div class="row">
<div class="span6"></div>
<div class="span6"></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="span8"></div>
<div class="span4"></div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="span12"></div>
</div>
</body>
QUICK ANSWER
Use multiple NOT NESTED .containers
Wrap those .containers you want to have a full-width background in a div
Add a CSS background to the wrapping div
Fiddles: Simple: https://jsfiddle.net/vLhc35k4/ , Container borders: https://jsfiddle.net/vLhc35k4/1/
HTML:
<div class="container">
<h2>Section 1</h2>
</div>
<div class="specialBackground">
<div class="container">
<h2>Section 2</h2>
</div>
</div>
CSS: .specialBackground{ background-color: gold; /*replace with own background settings*/ }
FURTHER INFO
DON'T USE NESTED CONTAINERS
Many people will (wrongly) suggest, that you should use nested containers. Well, you should NOT.
They are not ment to be nested. (See to "Containers" section in the docs)
HOW IT WORKS
div is a block element, which by default spans to the full width of a document body - there is the full-width feature. It also has a height of it's content (if you don't specify otherwise).
The bootstrap containers are not required to be direct children of a body, they are just containers with some padding and possibly some screen-width-variable fixed widths.
If a basic grid .container has some fixed width it is also auto-centered horizontally.
So there is no difference whether you put it as a:
Direct child of a body
Direct child of a basic div that is a direct child of a body.
By "basic" div I mean div that does not have a CSS altering his border, padding, dimensions, position or content size. Really just a HTML element with display: block; CSS and possibly background.
But of course setting vertical-like CSS (height, padding-top, ...) should not break the bootstrap grid :-)
Bootstrap itself is using the same approach
...All over it's own website and in it's "JUMBOTRON" example:
http://getbootstrap.com/examples/jumbotron/
This is how you can achieve your desired setup with Bootstrap 3:
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row"> <!-- Give this div your desired background color -->
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
... your content here ...
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
The container-fluid part makes sure that you can change the background over the full width. The container part makes sure that your content is still wrapped in a fixed width.
This approach works, but personally I don't like all the nesting. However, I haven't found a better solution so far.
There is a workaround using vw. Is useful when you can't create a new fluid container.
This, inside a classic 'container' div will be full size.
.row-full{
width: 100vw;
position: relative;
margin-left: -50vw;
left: 50%;
}
After this there is the sidebar problem (thanks to #Typhlosaurus), solved with this js function, calling it on document load and resize:
function full_row_resize(){
var body_width = $('body').width();
$('.row-full').css('width', (body_width));
$('.row-full').css('margin-left', ('-'+(body_width/2)+'px'));
return false;
}
In bootstrap 4, you can use 'w-100' class (w as width, and 100 as 100%)
You can find documentation here:
https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/utilities/sizing/
If you can't change the HTML layout:
.full-width {
width: 100vw;
margin-left: -50vw;
left: 50%;
}
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-12">a</div>
<div class="col-xs-12">b</div>
<div class="col-xs-12 full-width">c</div>
<div class="col-xs-12">d</div>
</div>
</div>
Demo: http://www.bootply.com/tVkNyWJxA6
Sometimes it's not possible to close the content container.
The solution we are using is a bit different but prevent a overflow because of the
firefox scrollbar size!
.full-width {
margin-top: 15px;
margin-bottom: 15px;
position: relative;
width: calc(100vw - 10px);
margin-left: calc(-50vw + 5px);
left: 50%;
}
Here is a example: https://jsfiddle.net/RubbelDeKatz/wvt9253q
Instead of
style="width:100%"
try using
class="col-xs-12"
it will save you 1 character :)
Sorry, should have asked for your css as well. As is, basically what you need to look at is giving your container div the style .container { width: 100%; } in your css and then the enclosed divs will inherit this as long as you don't give them their own width. You were also missing a few closing tags, and the </center> closes a <center> without it ever being open, at least in this section of code. I wasn't sure if you wanted the image in the same div that contains your content or separate, so I created two examples. I changed the width of the img to 100px simply because jsfiddle offers a small viewing area. Let me know if it's not what you're looking for.
content and image separate: http://jsfiddle.net/QvqKS/2/
content and image in same div (img floated left): http://jsfiddle.net/QvqKS/3/
I would use two separate 'container' div as below:
<div class="container">
/* normal*/
</div>
<div class="container-fluid">
/*full width container*/
</div>
Bare in mind that container-fluid does not follow your breakpoints and it is a full width container.
I'd wonder why someone would try to "override" the container width, since its purpose is to keep its content with some padding, but I had a similar situation (that's why I wanted to share my solution, even though there're answers).
In my situation, I wanted to have all content (of all pages) rendered inside a container, so this was the piece of code from my _Layout.cshtml:
<div id="body">
#RenderSection("featured", required: false)
<section class="content-wrapper main-content clear-fix">
<div class="container">
#RenderBody()
</div>
</section>
</div>
In my Home Index page, I had a background header image I'd like to fill the whole screen width, so the solution was to make the Index.cshtml like this:
#section featured {
<!-- This content will be rendered outside the "container div" -->
<div class="intro-header">
<div class="container">SOME CONTENT WITH A NICE BACKGROUND</div>
</div>
}
<!-- The content below will be rendered INSIDE the "container div" -->
<div class="content-section-b">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
MORE CONTENT
</div>
</div>
</div>
I think this is better than trying to make workarounds, since sections are made with the purpose of allowing (or forcing) views to dynamically replace some content in the layout.
Though people have mentioned that you will need to use .container-fluid in this case but you will also have to remove the padding from bootstrap.
The following answer is not exactly optimal by any measure, but I needed something that maintains its position within the container whilst it stretches the inner div fully.
https://jsfiddle.net/fah5axm5/
$(function() {
$(window).on('load resize', ppaFullWidth);
function ppaFullWidth() {
var $elements = $('[data-ppa-full-width="true"]');
$.each( $elements, function( key, item ) {
var $el = $(this);
var $container = $el.closest('.container');
var margin = parseInt($container.css('margin-left'), 10);
var padding = parseInt($container.css('padding-left'), 10)
var offset = margin + padding;
$el.css({
position: "relative",
left: -offset,
"box-sizing": "border-box",
width: $(window).width(),
"padding-left": offset + "px",
"padding-right": offset + "px"
});
});
}
});
This must work (Mobile phone as well as Desktop screen):
class: alignfull and class: img-fluid will do the magic.
<div class="alignfull">
<img class="img-fluid" style="background-size: cover;
background-position: center ;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
height: auto;
min-width: 100%;
width: -moz-available; "
src="{{ $image->image }}" alt="An image">
</div>