how to add legend manually with ggplot2 - r

How to add legend manually inside the picture. I tried to find an answer on the web but failed to find an appropriate one. Please advice.
Thanks for your help in advance.
p = ggplot(gData, aes(seq, mue)) + geom_line(aes(x = seq, y = mue), lty=1, lwd=1) + xlim(-10, 10) + ylim(-1.0, 1.0) +
xlab(expression(paste(u[t-1],sep = ""))) + ylab(expression(paste(mu[t],""))) +
geom_line(aes(x = seq, y = se1), type="b", lty=2, lwd=1.1) + geom_line(aes(x = seq, y = se2), type="b", lty=2, lwd=1.1) +
theme(axis.title.x = element_text(face = "bold", color = "black", size = 14),
axis.title.y = element_text(face = "bold", color = "black", size = 14))

You can manually choose a legend position using theme(legend.position=c(num, num)). Considering the OP's comment below, I took the following approach.
# Sample data
seq <- rep(c(1:10), times = 3)
value <- rep(c(10,9,6,5,3,2), each = 5)
category <- rep(c("se1", "me", NA), each = 10)
foo <- data.frame(seq, value, category, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
ggplot(data = foo, aes(x = seq, y = value, color = category)) +
geom_line(lty=1, lwd=1) +
theme(legend.position=c(.8, .5)) +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq)

Related

ggplot trying to make a Cleveland plot but I cannot get a legend

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)
data <- read.csv('/Users/zbhay/Documents/r-data.csv', header = 1)
zb <- ggplot(data) +
geom_segment( aes(x=x, xend=x, y=value1, yend=value2), color="black")+
geom_point( aes(x=x, y=value1), color=rgb(0.2,0.7,0.1,1), size=4 )+
geom_point( aes(x=x, y=value2), color=rgb(0.7,0.2,0.1,1), size=4 )+
coord_flip() +
theme_solarized() +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 10000, by = 500)
)
zb + labs(title = "Title",
subtitle = "subtitle") +
xlab("Business Functions") +
ylab("# of hours")
legend("left", c("Starting", "Ending"),
box.col = "darkgreen"
)
Hello, here is the code. The CSV file is structured as follows; column A = names, column b = starting number, column c = final number.
I am trying to set up a legend that calls out the final number vs starting number. I have tried and tried but cannot seem to be able to crack it. If anyone knows a fix, I would appreciate it if you could let me know.
As a general rule when using ggplot2 you have to map on aesthetics if you want to get a legend, i.e. instead of setting the colors for your points as arguments map a value on the color aes, e.g. in my code below I map the constant value or category start on the color aes inside aes() for the first geom_point. Afterwards you could use scale_color_manual to assign your desired colors and labels to these "categories" or "values". Finally, the color of the legend box could be set via the theme option legend.background. However, the legend keys themselves have a background color too, which I set to NA via legend.key.
Using some fake random example data:
library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)
set.seed(123)
data <- data.frame(x = letters[1:5], value1 = runif(5, 0, 10000), value2 = runif(5, 0, 10000))
ggplot(data) +
geom_segment(aes(x = x, xend = x, y = value1, yend = value2), color = "black") +
geom_point(aes(x = x, y = value1, color = "start"), size = 4) +
geom_point(aes(x = x, y = value2, color = "end"), size = 4) +
coord_flip() +
theme_solarized() +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 10000, by = 500)) +
scale_color_manual(values = c(start = rgb(0.2, 0.7, 0.1, 1), end = rgb(0.7, 0.2, 0.1, 1)), labels = c(start = "Starting", end = "Ending")) +
labs(title = "Title", subtitle = "subtitle", x = "Business Functions", y = "# of hours", color = NULL) +
theme(
legend.key = element_rect(fill = NA),
legend.background = element_rect(fill = "darkgreen")
)

How to hide information on graph from the Legend in ggplotly?

I have horizontal dots plot replotted via ggplotly
df <- data.frame (origin = c("A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J"),
Percentage = c(23,16,32,71,3,60,15,21,44,60),
rate = c(10,12,20,200,-25,12,13,90,-105,23),
change = c(10,12,-5,12,6,8,0.5,-2,5,-2)
library(ggplot2)
plt <- ggplot(df, aes(x = rate, y = factor(origin, rev(origin)))) +
geom_hline(aes(yintercept = origin), color = 'gray') +
geom_vline(xintercept = 0, linetype = 2, color = 'gray') +
geom_point(aes(color = 'Rate'), size = 10) +
geom_text(aes(label = rate), color = 'white') +
geom_point(aes(x = change, color = 'Change'), size = 10) +
geom_text(aes(label = change, x = change)) +
theme_minimal(base_size = 16) +
scale_x_continuous(labels = ~paste0(.x, '%'), name = NULL) +
scale_color_manual(values = c('#aac7c4', '#5f9299')) +
theme(panel.grid = element_blank(),
axis.text.y = element_text(color = 'gray50')) +
labs(color = NULL, y = NULL)
ggplotly(plt)
The only issue is that when I hide one of the dot from the figure, texts are still appeared (see below), so is there way to tackle this issue and hide text with circle by clicking on legend?
P.S
(setting text colour in white color = 'white' is not option for me)
You can use the fill aesthetic for the points (as long as they are shape = 21) and use the color aesthetic for the text. As long as these have the same labels for aesthetic mapping, the interactivity for both points and text will be linked.
One minor annoyance is that this changes the plotly legend labels, even though they are correct in the ggplot version. This requires a little direct manipulation of the plotly object itself:
plt <- ggplot(df, aes(x = rate, y = factor(origin, rev(origin)))) +
geom_segment(aes(x = -100, xend = 200,
y = origin, yend = origin), color = 'gray') +
geom_vline(xintercept = 0, linetype = 2, color = 'gray') +
geom_point(aes(fill = 'Rate'), shape = 21, size = 10, color = NA) +
geom_text(aes(label = rate, color = 'Rate')) +
geom_point(aes(x = change, fill = 'Change'),
color = NA, shape = 21, size = 10) +
geom_text(aes(label = change, x = change, color = "Change")) +
theme_minimal(base_size = 16) +
scale_x_continuous(labels = ~paste0(.x, '%'), name = NULL) +
scale_fill_manual(values = c('#aac7c4', '#5f9299')) +
scale_color_manual(values = c("black", "white")) +
theme(panel.grid = element_blank(),
axis.text.y = element_text(color = 'gray50')) +
labs(color = NULL, y = NULL, fill = NULL)
p <- ggplotly(plt)
p$x$data[[3]]$name <- p$x$data[[3]]$legendgroup <-
p$x$data[[4]]$name <- p$x$data[[4]]$legendgroup <- "Rate"
p$x$data[[5]]$name <- p$x$data[[5]]$legendgroup <-
p$x$data[[6]]$name <- p$x$data[[6]]$legendgroup <- "Change"
p
This gives us the following plot:
Now clicking on Rate we get:
And clicking on Change we get

How can I make a discontinuous axis in R with ggplot2?

I have a dataframe (dat) with two columns 1) Month and 2) Value. I would like to highlight that the x-axis is not continuous in my boxplot by interrupting the x-axis with two angled lines on the x-axis that are empty between the angled lines.
Example Data and Boxplot
library(ggplot2)
set.seed(321)
dat <- data.frame(matrix(ncol = 2, nrow = 18))
x <- c("Month", "Value")
colnames(dat) <- x
dat$Month <- rep(c(1,2,3,10,11,12),3)
dat$Value <- rnorm(18,20,2)
ggplot(data = dat, aes(x = factor(Month), y = Value)) +
geom_boxplot() +
labs(x = "Month") +
theme_bw() +
theme(panel.grid = element_blank(),
text = element_text(size = 16),
axis.text.x = element_text(size = 14, color = "black"),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 14, color = "black"))
The ideal figure would look something like below. How can I make this discontinuous axis in ggplot?
You could make use of the extended axis guides in the ggh4x package. Alas, you won't easily be able to create the "separators" without a hack similar to the one suggested by user Zhiqiang Wang
guide_axis_truncated accepts vectors to define lower and upper trunks. This also works for units, by the way, then you have to pass the vector inside the unit function (e.g., trunc_lower = unit(c(0,.45), "npc") !
library(ggplot2)
library(ggh4x)
set.seed(321)
dat <- data.frame(matrix(ncol = 2, nrow = 18))
x <- c("Month", "Value")
colnames(dat) <- x
dat$Month <- rep(c(1,2,3,10,11,12),3)
dat$Value <- rnorm(18,20,2)
# this is to make it slightly more programmatic
x1end <- 3.45
x2start <- 3.55
p <-
ggplot(data = dat, aes(x = factor(Month), y = Value)) +
geom_boxplot() +
labs(x = "Month") +
theme_classic() +
theme(axis.line = element_line(colour = "black"))
p +
guides(x = guide_axis_truncated(
trunc_lower = c(-Inf, x2start),
trunc_upper = c(x1end, Inf)
))
Created on 2021-11-01 by the reprex package (v2.0.1)
The below is taking user Zhiqiang Wang's hack a step further. You will see I am using simple trigonometry to calculate the segment coordinates. in order to make the angle actually look as it is defined in the function, you would need to set coord_equal.
# a simple function to help make the segments
add_separators <- function(x, y = 0, angle = 45, length = .1){
add_y <- length * sin(angle * pi/180)
add_x <- length * cos(angle * pi/180)
## making the list for your segments
myseg <- list(x = x - add_x, xend = x + add_x,
y = rep(y - add_y, length(x)), yend = rep(y + add_y, length(x)))
## this function returns an annotate layer with your segment coordinates
annotate("segment",
x = myseg$x, xend = myseg$xend,
y = myseg$y, yend = myseg$yend)
}
# you will need to set limits for correct positioning of your separators
# I chose 0.05 because this is the expand factor by default
y_sep <- min(dat$Value) -0.05*(min(dat$Value))
p +
guides(x = guide_axis_truncated(
trunc_lower = c(-Inf, x2start),
trunc_upper = c(x1end, Inf)
)) +
add_separators(x = c(x1end, x2start), y = y_sep, angle = 70) +
# you need to set expand to 0
scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0)) +
## to make the angle look like specified, you would need to use coord_equal()
coord_cartesian(clip = "off", ylim = c(y_sep, NA))
I think it is possible to get what you want. It may take some work.
Here is your graph:
library(ggplot2)
set.seed(321)
dat <- data.frame(matrix(ncol = 2, nrow = 18))
x <- c("Month", "Value")
colnames(dat) <- x
dat$Month <- rep(c(1,2,3,10,11,12),3)
dat$Value <- rnorm(18,20,2)
p <- ggplot(data = dat, aes(x = factor(Month), y = Value)) +
geom_boxplot() +
labs(x = "Month") +
theme_bw() +
theme(panel.grid = element_blank(),
text = element_text(size = 16),
axis.text.x = element_text(size = 14, color = "black"),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 14, color = "black"))
Here is my effort:
p + annotate("segment", x = c(3.3, 3.5), xend = c(3.6, 3.8), y = c(14, 14), yend = c(15, 15))+
coord_cartesian(clip = "off", ylim = c(15, 25))
Get something like this:
If you want to go further, it may take several tries to get it right:
p + annotate("segment", x = c(3.3, 3.5), xend = c(3.6, 3.8), y = c(14, 14), yend = c(15, 15))+
annotate("segment", x = c(0, 3.65), xend = c(3.45, 7), y = c(14.55, 14.55), yend = c(14.55, 14.55)) +
coord_cartesian(clip = "off", ylim = c(15, 25)) +
theme_classic()+
theme(axis.line.x = element_blank())
Just replace axis with two new lines. This is a rough idea, it may take some time to make it perfect.
You could use facet_wrap. If you assign the first 3 months to one group, and the other months to another, then you can produce two plots that are side by side and use a single y axis.
It's not exactly what you want, but it will show the data effectively, and highlights the fact that the x axis is not continuous.
dat$group[dat$Month %in% c("1", "2", "3")] <- 1
dat$group[dat$Month %in% c("10", "11", "12")] <- 2
ggplot(data = dat, aes(x = factor(Month), y = Value)) +
geom_boxplot() +
labs(x = "Month") +
theme_bw() +
theme(panel.grid = element_blank(),
text = element_text(size = 16),
axis.text.x = element_text(size = 14, color = "black"),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 14, color = "black")) +
facet_wrap(~group, scales = "free_x")
* Differences in the plot are likely due to using different versions of R where the set.seed gives different result

Combine legend for fill and colour ggplot to give only single legend

I am plotting a smooth to my data using geom_smooth and using geom_ribbon to plot shaded confidence intervals for this smooth. No matter what I try I cannot get a single legend that represents both the smooth and the ribbon correctly, i.e I am wanting a single legend that has the correct colours and labels for both the smooth and the ribbon. I have tried using + guides(fill = FALSE), guides(colour = FALSE), I also read that giving both colour and fill the same label inside labs() should produce a single unified legend.
Any help would be much appreciated.
Note that I have also tried to reset the legend labels and colours using scale_colour_manual()
The below code produces the below figure. Note that there are two curves here that are essentially overlapping. The relabelling and setting couours has worked for the geom_smooth legend but not the geom_ribbon legend and I still have two legends showing which is not what I want.
ggplot(pred.dat, aes(x = age.x, y = fit, colour = tagged)) +
geom_smooth(size = 1.2) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = lci, ymax = uci, fill = tagged), alpha = 0.2, colour = NA) +
theme_classic() +
labs(x = "Age (days since hatch)", y = "Body mass (g)", colour = "", fill = "") +
scale_colour_manual(labels = c("Untagged", "Tagged"), values = c("#3399FF", "#FF0033")) +
theme(axis.title.x = element_text(face = "bold", size = 14),
axis.title.y = element_text(face = "bold", size = 14),
axis.text.x = element_text(size = 12),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 12),
legend.text = element_text(size = 12))
The problem is that you provide new labels for the color-aesthetic but not for the fill-aesthetic. Consequently ggplot shows two legends because the labels are different.
You can either also provide the same labels for the fill-aesthetic (code option #1 below) or you can set the labels for the levels of your grouping variable ("tagged") before calling ggplot (code option #2).
library(ggplot2)
#make some data
x = seq(0,2*pi, by = 0.01)
pred.dat <- data.frame(x = c(x,x),
y = c(sin(x), cos(x)) + rnorm(length(x) * 2, 0, 1),
tag = rep(0:1, each = length(x)))
pred.dat$lci <- c(sin(x), cos(x)) - 0.4
pred.dat$uci <- c(sin(x), cos(x)) + 0.4
#option 1: set labels within ggplot call
pred.dat$tagged <- as.factor(pred.dat$tag)
ggplot(pred.dat, aes(x = x, y = y, color = tagged, fill = tagged)) +
geom_smooth(size = 1.2) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = lci, ymax = uci), alpha = 0.2, color = NA) +
scale_color_manual(labels = c("untagged", "tagged"), values = c("#F8766D", "#00BFC4")) +
scale_fill_manual(labels = c("untagged", "tagged"), values = c("#F8766D", "#00BFC4")) +
theme_classic() + theme(legend.title = element_blank())
#option 2: set labels before ggplot call
pred.dat$tagged <- factor(pred.dat$tag, levels = 0:1, labels = c("untagged", "tagged"))
ggplot(pred.dat, aes(x = x, y = y, color = tagged, fill = tagged)) +
geom_smooth(size = 1.2) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = lci, ymax = uci), alpha = 0.2, color = NA) +
theme_classic() + theme(legend.title = element_blank())

Create legend with manual shapes and colours

I use bars and line to create my plot. The demo code is:
timestamp <- seq(as.Date('2010-01-01'),as.Date('2011-12-01'),by="1 mon")
data1 <- rnorm(length(timestamp), 3000, 30)
data2 <- rnorm(length(timestamp), 30, 3)
df <- data.frame(timestamp, data1, data2)
p <- ggplot()
p <- p + geom_histogram(data=df,aes(timestamp,data1),colour="black",stat="Identity",bindwidth=10)
p <- p + geom_line(data=df,aes(timestamp,y=data2*150),colour="red")
p <- p + scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = sec_axis(~./150, name = "data2"))
p <- p + scale_colour_manual(name="Parameter", labels=c("data1", "data2"), values = c('black', 'red'))
p <- p+ scale_shape_manual(name="Parameter", labels=c("data1", "data2"), values = c(15,95))
p
This results in a plot like this:
This figure does not have a legend. I followed this answer to create a customized legend but it is not working in my case. I want a square and line shape in my legend corresponding to bars and line. How can we get it?
I want legend as shown in below image:
For the type of data you want to display, geom_bar is a better fit then geom_histogram. When you to manipulate the appaerance of the legend(s), you need to place the colour = ... parts inside the aes. To get the desired result it probably best to use different types of legend for the line and the bars. In that way you are better able to change the appearance of the legends with guide_legend and override.aes.
A proposal for your problem:
ggplot(data = df) +
geom_bar(aes(x = timestamp, y = data1, colour = "black"),
stat = "Identity", fill = NA) +
geom_line(aes(x = timestamp, y = data2*150, linetype = "red"), colour = "red", size = 1) +
scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = sec_axis(~./150, name = "data2")) +
scale_linetype_manual(labels = "data2", values = "solid") +
scale_colour_manual(name = "Parameter\n", labels = "data1", values = "black") +
guides(colour = guide_legend(override.aes = list(colour = "black", size = 1),
order = 1),
linetype = guide_legend(title = NULL,
override.aes = list(linetype = "solid",
colour = "red",
size = 1),
order = 2)) +
theme_minimal() +
theme(legend.key = element_rect(fill = "white", colour = NA),
legend.spacing = unit(0, "lines"))
which gives:

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