Is it possible to write a CSS rule to select the first child of an element without a specific class?
example:
<div>
<span class="common-class ignore"></span>
<span class="common-class ignore"></span>
<span class="common-class"></span>
<span class="common-class"></span>
</div>
In this case I would like to select the first span without class ignore.
I tried this, but didn't seem to work:
.common-class:first-child:not(.ignore) {
...some rules...
}
UPDATE:
If I add a class to the parent div named parent-class, a modified version of the selector suggested by Jukka works except when the first span with class ignore comes after the first one without. The above-mentioned selector is the following:
.parent-class > .common-class.ignore + .common-class:not(.ignore) {
...some rules...
}
This question is similar to CSS selector for first element with class, except for the first element without a class. As mentioned, :first-child:not(.ignore) represents an element that is the first child of its parent and does not have the class "ignore", not the first child matching the rest of the selector.
You can use the overriding technique with a sibling combinator that I've described in my answer to the linked question, replacing the class selector with the :not() pseudo-class containing a class selector:
.common-class:not(.ignore) {
/* Every span without class .ignore, including the first */
}
.common-class:not(.ignore) ~ .common-class:not(.ignore) {
/* Revert above declarations for every such element after the first */
}
This selects all span with a .common-class and without an .ignore class.
span.common-class:not(.ignore) {
color: blue;
}
But, because we want to select only the first one, you can override the siblings that follow with the ~ selector.
span.common-class:not(.ignore) ~ span {
color: black; /* or color: inherit; */
}
jsBin demo
If you are already using jQuery, this can also be done with
$("span.common-class:not(.ignore):first").css('color', 'blue');
No, it is not possible. The selector :first-child:not(.ignore) selects an element that is the first child of its parent and does not belong to class ignore. There is no “first of class” selector and no “first not of class” selector either.
You could use the selector .ignore + :not(.ignore), but it matches any element that is not in class ignore and immediately follows an element in that class. But it matches too much, not just the first one of such elements. Depending on the markup structure, this selector might still be suitable in a particular situation, even though it is not an answer to the general question asked.
You don't have to select the div using a class. What about other css solutions like nth-child etc.? Of course, this requires the knowledge of a document structure.
Related
There are tens of CSS rules I would like to be applied on a section of a page - this part is easy:
.generalStyles a,p,button,div.foo {
/* many styling rules here*/
}
However, when I mark a section of a page with class="generalStyles", I would like certain subsections not to inherit those styles, such as descendants of class="noGeneralStyles" (1). This should work with arbitrary nesting.
What I am looking for is a selector that could be translated into:
Inherit CSS rules if you are a descendant of .generalStyles, but not
when .noGeneralStyles is a closer parent
An interactive jsFiddle example can be found here
EDIT: The solution (if there is any) should not make any assumptions of inner HTML
(1) - the reason is there are way too many CSS rules to reset
You won't be able to limit or otherwise control inheritance chains using selectors alone, not even through combining :not() and descendant selectors for the reasons given here and here. You will have to provide an overriding rule for elements within .generalStyles .noGeneralStyles.
How about using direct descendant selectors? > means it will select button tag, which is direct child to an element having class noGeneralStyles or generalStyles
Demo
.noGeneralStyles > button {
color: black;
}
.generalStyles > button {
color: red;
}
in my html I have
<div id="mainNewsBody" class="news">
<a class="readMore" href="/News/Details/1">read more ...</a>
</div>
I tried to style read more ... snipper with this css
#mainNewsBody .news .readMore a{
color: #7F0609;
}
to actually apply this style I have to use !important keyword in color property.
I know that this !important keyword force to use that property but I do not understand why that is the case here, because I explicitly told to match on particular id with particular class element and inside that element to mach link.
Can someone englight me.
Thanks
Try this one:
.news .readMore {
color: #7F0609;
}
There's no need to call for id and class name for the same element.
It's a.readMore instead of .readMore a (the first case would search for an element with class .readMore and append the CSS to any children a-elements)
and #mainNewsBody .news should be #mainNewsBody.news (you should 'concatenate' the id and class since they refer to the same element)
making a total of #mainNewsBody.news a.readMore
Fiddle
EDIT
I see many notes on simplifying your css to just classes. This really depends on what you're trying to accomplish. If you're working with a huge CSS file, I'd recommend specifying as strict as possible. This to prevent any CSS being applied on places where you don't want it to.
a { } for example will mess with all your links, a.news { } will only mess with a class='news'
It'd the specificity which is troubling you, the more elements class id you have in your selector, more specific your selector is.
So for example
.class a {
}
is more specific than just
a {
}
Just see to it that you do not have a more specific selector, if you've than you need to make the current one more specific or use !important declaration as you stated.
In the above snippet this is incorrect
#mainNewsBody .news .readMore a
It will search for an element having class news inside an element having an id mainNewsBody which is not true in your case so either use this
#mainNewsBody a.readMore {
/* This will be more specific than the below one
as you are using id here and not class */
color: #7F0609;
}
Or use
.news a.readMore {
color: #7F0609;
}
Ozan is right, remove the "mainNewsBody" ID from the CSS if it's not absolutely necessary.
.news .readMore a{
color: #7F0609;}
If you want to be really specific and need to include the ID in the CSS selector remove the space from in-front of ".news"
#mainNewsBody.news .readMore a{
color: #7F0609;}
CSS Tricks - Multiple Class ID Selectors
CSS rules marked !important take precedence over later rules. !important ensures that this rule has precedence.
Probably your code is generating inline css for the a element, or you have another less specific definition for a element with !important keyword somewhere else.
Inline styles have priority higher than styles defined outside the element. To overcome the inline style or a style with !important keyword by a less specific definition, you need to define it by the keyword !important and a more specific definition.
Here is the page I am affecting:
http://www.careerchoiceswithlaura.com/blog/
Inspecting the elements will show that I set up one class "blog-post" and added it to each entry on the page. Then, I use a simple algorithm to apply a class named "even-numbered" or "odd-numbered" as well for appropriate entries so I can stagger the color effects and make the page more readable.
The problem is, that when I apply rules using the following line in my CSS file:
.blog-post .odd-numbered { background: #ddd; }
..it doesn't affect the elements with both blog-post and odd-numbered; in fact, the rule affects nothing on the page.
Could someone explain why, and which class selectors I should be using to affect said elements?
I researched online, and find this article at W3 very helpful usually (and it appears that the rule should be working if you look at /blog/:279 on the page I mentioned above), but even with the rule there it doesn't seem to be anything to the elements I am trying to target.
Your example selector targets elements with the class odd-numbered that have an ancestor element with the class blog-post.
In your HTML, the .blog-post element is also the .odd-numbered element.
Your selector, then, should be .blog-post.odd-numbered (note the lack of a space).
You'll want these CSS pseudo-selectors:
elementname:nth-child(even)
and
elementname:nth-child(odd)
Documentation:
http://www.w3.org/Style/Examples/007/evenodd
To style the same element with two classnames, you will want (without a space):
.blog-post.odd-numbered { background: #ddd; }
You original style, with a space, styles an element with the class odd-numbered inside an element with the class blog-post
from CSS3
:nth-child(odd)
You should apply as .blog-post.odd-numbered { background: #ddd; } without space btw css classes, If it is applied to same element.
What I want to do is something like:
#div_id > .some_class
{
}
I don't want to change the class everywhere. I only want to change the class if it in that particular div.
Is ther some other way to do that same thing?
You've already stumbled upon the answer yourself:
#div_id > .class {
/* CSS magic */
}
This selects .class if it is the direct descendant of #div_id. For all descendants regardless of depth, use the selector #div_id .class instead.
See also this JSFiddle.
Your question already contains the child combinator CSS selector and will target the elements with class .some_class that are children of the element with id div_id, so if you have only one <div> with an id of div_id then it will only target the child elements with the class some_class. So it should work as already expected, except in IE6 of course which does not support that selector natively.
If you want to select grandchildren, use the descendant combinator.
Child combinator body > p
Descendant combinator body p
You essentially have the answer there. If you want to modify all classes with in a div then the selector would be div#id .this_class. If it's just one instance of the class inside the div (say you have a div called 'test' with three divs with a class of 'test_class' then you could either use the :nth-child() selector or the :first-of-type selector.
Your code looks fine to me. Note that the > operator will only affect the children of the DIV not any lower decendants (i.e. grandchildren). Remove the > to affect everything inside the DIV with the class .some_class.
What is the syntax for selecting the first element with a certain class? Please specify whether that method of selection is part of CSS3 or CSS2.1.
If you need the first element with a certain class among its siblings, you can use
.myclass {
/* styles of the first one */
}
.myclass ~ .myclass {
/* styles of the others (must cancel the styles of the first rule) */
}
Don't try to use .myclass:not(.myclass ~ .myclass) to do this in only one rule, it won't work since :not() only accepts simple selectors in the parentheses.
If you want the first .myclass in the whole document, there is no way to do it with CSS alone.
The :nth-of-type() or :nth-child() approaches posted are wrong, even if they coincidentally happen to match the elements you want in your page.
Browser support of sibling selector (~): IE7+ and all others.
This problem sucks as bad as the solutions. IMO you should just give the first element a class of .first{} programmatically.
Try this
.testparent .test:first-child {
color: red;
}
<div class="testparent">
<div class="test">test</div>
<div class="test">test</div>
<div class="test">test</div>
</div>
the first div 'test' has red color only.
.class-name:first-of-type {
⋮ declarations
}