I have a problem. I'm using vaadin inside liferay. I've successfully written a fully responsive (yeah, tables too) theme for vaadin, based on bootstrap. Now I'm importing it to liferay. Everything went fine 'till I needed to upgrade Liferay, where their new responsive theme is using same classes name as bootstrap, but with different behaviour (sad, very sad face).
The solution I've thought so far is to apply a class to the vaadin compiled css, like:
.daVaadinTheme {
#import bootstrap.css;
}
so the content will be compiled like:
.daVaadinTheme h1.insideTheFile{
}
.daVaadinTheme h2.insideTheFile{
}
But, as you may figured out, is not obviously working.
Do you have any solution?
Read carefully! This is NOT a duplicate of the answer you've posted. I'm trying to import a CSS file inside a CSS/SCSS class of another file, like the example I've written above. My problem is not to simply import a CSS file inside another one...
SOLUTION: (kudos to Mathias Jørgensen)
using #import from another scss file:
in test.scss:
.daVaadinTheme{
#import "bootstrap.scss";
}
Name your inner file with an underscore, and ending in scss. .Yes, even if it's plain css, i.e. foo.css → _foo.scss
Have an outer File like so:
#main .content { // if that's, where you want them to rule only
#import 'foo';
}
Reasons:
import only works with scss
underscore-files are glady skipped by sass (also as in gulp.src(<some wildcards).sass())
if you have no influence in your repo about the css filename whatsoever. or it's a major pain on upgrades, consider using a symbolic link under an .scss extension...
You need move your code into mixin:
// botstrap.scss
#mixin bootstrap {
h1.insideTheFile{
}
h2.insideTheFile{
}
}
Then, you can import normal:
// test.scss
#import "bootstrap"; // No extension
#include bootstrap; // The name of "mixin"
or with context:
// test.scss
#import "bootstrap"; // No extension
.daVaadinTheme {
#include bootstrap; // The name of "mixin"
}
If you want to add certain styles to a class using sass/scss I think what you're looking for is
.myClass { #import bootstrap.css; }
Related
In Angular 2, I have a CSS class in my styles.scss file:
.FirstClass {
}
I'm trying to extend this class in a component's .SCSS file (eg.: MyComponent.scss) like:
.SecondClass {
#extend .FirstClass;
}
I'm getting an error that says .FirstClass is not found. Do I assume correctly that class and style in styles.scss can be globally referred? Please help me in this.
If you have any file, and you want to use one of its classes in another file, you have to import it first.
styles.scss
.FirstClass{}
MyComponent.scss
#import 'styles.scss'
.SecondClass{
#extend .FirstClass;
}
SCSS is compile to CSS, hence, if you need to make any changes in the file itself that not related plain css, you have to take it into consideration.
I'm struggling with the dotLESS #import to have a separate variables file; I just constantly get "variable is undefined".
If I browse to the variable config file it works; if I put the variables inline in the main stylesheet it works; but in an #import, no dice. I'm mapping .css as well as .less to the extension, however it also doesn't work if I use .less only.
The variables file LESS-config.less is:
/*
.LESS VARIABLES
*/
#mbw_dark_cyan: #1293b5;
#mbw_cyan: #11add4;
#mbw_magenta: #e935da;
#control_text: #ffffff;
#action_delete: #ff5400;
#section_level1_bg: #mbw_dark_cyan;
#section_level1_fg: #control_text;
#button_bg: #mbw_dark_cyan;
#button_fg: #control_text;
#button_icon: #control_text;
#data_table_header: #mbw_cyan;
.dummy {
color: #control_text;
}
Which renders as:
/*
.LESS VARIABLES
*/
.dummy {
color: #ffffff;
}
Calling stylesheet main.css is:
#import (less) '/css/LESS-config';
button {
background: #button_bg;
}
Which gives the error:
variable #button_bg is undefined on line 4 in file '/css/main.css':
[3]: button {
[4]: background: #button_bg;
----------------^
[5]: }
As I said, if I replace the import with the same variables copied and pasted, it all works fine.
I've tried saving without BOM as in another answer, but that doesn't help.
EDIT, I've tried:
Removing the (less)
Changing to double quotes
Using relative path LESS-config as opposed to virtual absolute as above
Adding logger="dotless.Core.Loggers.AspResponseLogger" log="debug" to
web.config (cache is already false)
Adding debug="1"
Adding
debug="true"
Absolutely no change in behaviour.
EDIT 2:
I created a cut-down css that only had the import statement in it; when I browse to it the imported styles are in there. However, on a refresh, I just get a blank response.
So it seems to be something to do with my IIS config / caching? I've turned off content compression but no joy; disabled all output caching for .less and .css, still no joy!
FIXED as per Toni's comment; https://stackoverflow.com/a/51754771/318411:
This turned out to be a dotLESS issue, tracked on GitHub here: https://github.com/dotless/dotless/issues/553
The complete fix was to:
Upgrade dotLESS to version 1.6.7
Downgrade Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection to 1.1.1.0 due to Method
not found error
Change the file extension of the import from .css to .less
Now all working.
Please try version 1.6.7 which fixes an error that imports are only executed on the very first request.
I potentially see two problems that you have.
You are trying to call #import (less) in a css file. This is a syntax specific to less framework.
Your main.css is not a less file.
Change your main.css to a main.less file and now try generating your css from main.less as your root file.
Assuming your import url for LESS-config.less is correct.
The above mentioned corrections should probably do the trick.
#import (less, optional) "mystyle.css"; is Less syntax, you cannot use it in CSS (Less #import Rules).
If you want to use #import in your CSS, it should follow this syntax (See here)
#import url|string list-of-mediaqueries;
But, you cannot import a Less file inside your CSS anyways.
The way I would have done this:
Say you have 3 .less files: config.less, color.less, header.less
I would create a style.less file with the following content:
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
style.less
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* 01. config */
#import "config.less";
/* 02. color */
#import "color.less";
/* 03. header */
#import "header.less";
Then I would complie style.less which would produce, style.css and I would include style.css in my website.
I have a style library with the general styling for my project. This library is packed into one library.css file. In this library, I have a class a.
In one of my scss stylesheets I'd like to extend this calss a from library.css:
#import 'library.css';
.b {
#extend .a
}
When I do this, I'm told that class a was not found in library.css.
Is there any way to extend a class from a CSS stylesheet?
When you add an #import at-rule to your Sass code, you need to be careful what you wish to achieve. #import is actually valid CSS, so Sass needs to evaluate and figure out your intentions here. Sass extends the CSS #import rule and does not recreate it. According to the documentation:
#import takes a filename to import. By default, it looks for a Sass file to import directly, but there are a few circumstances under which it will compile to a CSS #import rule:
If the file's extension is .css.
If the filename begins with http://.
If the filename is a url().
If the #import has any media queries.
As a result, if you put the .css extension after the filename in an #import at-rule, Sass will just output this line of valid CSS code. You can test this by removing your #extend directive, which will make your code compile. You will see that the entire output file is this:
#import 'library.css';
Sass is not going to follow that CSS file and make it's contents available to the #extend directive.
What you could do is remove the file extension from your #import at-rule.
#import 'library';
.b {
#extend .a
}
However, this will actually output the entire contents of the file library.css into your CSS file that this Sass file compiles to, which I am assuming is not your goal.
To fix that, you could create a partial Sass file that contains placeholder selectors.
%a {
color: red;
}
The good thing about placeholder selectors is that they have no output of their own. According to the documentation:
On their own, without any use of #extend, rulesets that use placeholder selectors will not be rendered to CSS.
Their importance and usefulness is detailed on this page.
Import the partial Sass file in your Sass stylesheet and use the #extend directive like this:
.b {
#extend %a;
}
And to make sure your library.css file is consistent, convert it into Sass, import the same partial file on top of it containing your placeholder selectors and simply use the #extend directive inside .a selector as well.
#import 'placeholders';
.a {
#extend %a;
}
I'm relatively new to SASS and bootstrap. I use bootstrap with SASS and struggle a little bit with a concept.
I always used CSS like this: one base CSS-file with the basic layout (eq. base.css). Every template includes additionally a different CSS-file (eq. sitemap.css, team.css, news.css). This CSS-files only contain the parts of the respective templates. So I can overwrite the definitions in the previous files.
In SASS everything is compiled in one file. In combination with bootstrap I actually struggle with the concept I used until now.
Every time I want to add a new CSS-file to the existing definitions, I get an error because I have to reinclude the complete bootstrap structure. But if I reinclude it, the whole bootstrap code gets written into the additional files (eq. sitemap.css, team.css, news.css) too. If I include both files in my HTML-tree, the bootstrap definitions (like the whole normalize block) gets defined two or more times.
I have this setup:
- css
|-- source
| |-- base.scss
| |-- team.scss
| |-- vendors
| | |-- bootstrap...
└-- output
|-- base.css
└-- team.css
In base.scss I include the bootstrap stuff. I do also need the bootstrap stuff in team.scss, but not all the main stuff like the normalize things.
How do I achieve that? Is that even possible or do I have to switch my css needs by adding a css-class to the body tag (like body.team)? But then I have to carry the whole CSS stuff of every page in one file. Isn't this crab?
Edit to clear things up a bit:
This is in base.scss:
#import "settings/vars";
#import "vendors/bootstrap";
...
header {
#extend .container;
...
.contentbox {
margin-top: $mainGap;
}
...
}
...
and this is in team.scss:
header .contentbox {
#extend .sr-only;
}
It's absolutely clear that "#extend .sr-only;" doesn't work in team.scss because of the absence of bootstrap. But if I include bootstrap with
#import "vendors/bootstrap";
in the first line of team.scss, I would automatically add all the standard 16kb bootstrap things to team.css as well. However, these definitions are already in base.css. So I would have a preventable overhead.
I think I know there is no way to say: "Hey bootstrap. I already included you in base.scss. So you don't have to write the whole main definition of yourself into team.scss again. But I need you because I like you as an usable framework. So please provide me the functions and variables anyway.". But perhaps?
What I do in this case is to compile base.scss with Bootstrap and all the base code and my customized _variables.scss. Then if I want to add team.scss I just import the mixins and the custom variables that I will need to use from Bootstrap. Sounds great!
but...
Since .sr-only and other are just provided as classes instead SASS mixins, you can't #include it, like you could do with the .transition mixin for example.
So, for the moment if you are using SASS, you have 2 options:
Import the Bootstrap module with the class you want to extend/reuse
//contain the .sr-only definition
#import "vendors/bootstrap/_scaffolding";
#import "vendors/bootstrap/_variables";
header .contentbox {
#extend .sr-only;
}
Copy/Paste the class from the Bootstrap source and extend it:
#import "vendors/bootstrap/_variables";
// Copy/Paste the .sr-only class to reuse, very un-DRY
.sr-only {
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
margin: -1px;
padding: 0;
overflow: hidden;
clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
border: 0;
}
header .contentbox {
#extend .sr-only;
}
What you're searching for is named a partial in Sass I guess:
If you have a SCSS or Sass file that you want to import but don’t want to compile to a CSS file, you can add an underscore to the beginning of the filename. This will tell Sass not to compile it to a normal CSS file. You can then import these files without using the underscore.
For example, you might have _colors.scss. Then no _colors.css file would be created, and you can do
#import "colors";
and _colors.scss would be imported.
FYI, in LESS it'd be an import option: #import (reference) "colors"
I wanted to use twitter bootstrap CSS only in a specific element in my web page.
I tried to do it like in code below. But after compiling this to a css file nothing was outputted. If I moved #import outside #my_div then I got all css definitions for twitter boostrap.
#my_div {
#import "../twitter_bootstrap/lib/bootstrap.less";
}
How can I namespace a less css file?
I am not using less on the live site, nor am I manually doing the compiling so this is kind of a "simple" version. It's not as automated as the others but may apply to some users.
Edit bootstrap.css / bootstrap-responsive.css
.tb {
// copy/paste the entire bootstrap.css
}
Recompile with less or use an online less compiler - http://winless.org/online-less-compiler
Edit the now-compiled file and change body {} CSS declarations to tb {}.
Use the new CSS file.
Place your "bootstrapped" content inside a <div class='tb'></div>
LESS documentation has a section about namespaces.
So you could define your lib in a separate document:
#ns {
.twitter () {
// Instructions to be used later
// Nothing will appear in compiled CSS except if called later (because of parenthesis)
}
}
import this file at the beginning of the CSS file to be compiled and use these instructions:
#my_div {
#ns > .twitter;
}
This is how I have done it. This takes place in the root of the bootstrap folder that is downloaded, or cloned from git.
## ./less/namespace.css (New file)
#ns {
.twitter() {
#import "less/bootstrap.less";
}
}
## ./style.less
#import "less/namespace.less";
.namespace {
#ns > .twitter;
}
Then run less style.less > style.css
Here is how I did it, based on majgis's github fork above:
bootstrap-ns.less:
#import "namespace.less"
.bs {
#ns > .twitter;
}
namespace.less:
#ns {
.twitter(){
#import "bootstrap.less";
}
}
You then reference bootstrap-ns.less in your html page. This was tested with dotLESS.
if you have control over the compilation parameters just set strictImports to false and work as you intended to everything should be fine. consider looking at less-strictimports or at this issue.