I am new to flexbox, and I am trying to make a horizontal scrolling website. The idea is to show the first item as 100% height and width, like covering the screen with the remaining items to the right side, which will only be shown when I scroll.
Here is an image of what I am trying to do:
I tried setting the first item to 100% width, but it's still fitted just like other items.
Here is my CSS code:
body
{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242);
}
.flex-container
{
display: -webkit-box;
display: -moz-box;
display: -ms-flexbox;
display: -webkit-flex;
display: flex;
flex-flow:row;
height:100%;
position:absolute;
width:100%;
/*flex-wrap:wrap;*/
}
.box
{
padding: 20px;
color:white;
font-size:22px;
background-color: crimson;
border:1px solid white;
flex:1;
-webkit-flex:1;
text-align:center;
min-width:200px;
}
.splash
{
background-image: url(1.jpg);
width:100%;
background-size:cover;
background-position:50% 50%;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
transition: all 0.6s ease;
flex:10;
-webkit-flex:10;
}
.flex1:hover
{
flex:4;
-webkit-flex:4;
}
And my HTML code:
<div class="flex-container">
<div class="box splash">1</div>
<div class="box">2</div>
<div class="box">3</div>
<div class="box">4</div>
</div>
Flex items have "flex-shrink: 1" by default. If you want the first item to fill the container and force the others to overflow (as it sounds like you do), then you need to set "flex-shrink: 0" on it.
The best way to do this is via the "flex" shorthand, which you're already using to give it "flex: 10".
Just replace that with flex: 10 0 auto -- the '0' there gives it a flex-shrink of 0, which prevents it from shrinking below the width:100% that you've given it.
Perhaps better: just give it flex: none, since I don't think you're really getting any benefit from the "10" there, since there's no free space to distribute anyway, so the "10" is giving you 10 useless shares of nothing.
So that makes your 'splash' rule into this:
.splash {
background-image: url(1.jpg);
width:100%;
background-size:cover;
background-position:50% 50%;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
transition: all 0.6s ease;
flex:none;
}
Here's a fiddle with this change (but otherwise using your provided CSS/HTML). This renders like your mock-up in Firefox Nightly and Chrome:
http://jsfiddle.net/EVAXW/
I think I got a better way - especially when you're creating a horizontal scrolling carousel:
.container {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
flex-direction: column;
overflow-x: auto;
}
.item {
/* how you style this doesn't really matter - depends on your requirements -
but essentially you want the items to span full width, and that's the
default (every flex container item has flex-grow set to 1)
*/
}
Take note here: I changed the direction to column so that flex-wrap now wraps horizontally. Also, you can change overflow-x to hidden if you don't want the scrollbar to show - but don't omit the overflow-x property since that means it will be the outter parent to now overflow (something I wouldn't find desirable)
The JS can then kick in.
Cheers
you just set all flex properties to parent div plus also add "overflow:auto" and in child div of parent set "flex-shrink : 0"----All will be setsee code example in image
You can set the position of the Parent or Container to be Relative and the child inside them to be absolute.
.Parent{
display: flex;
// and use any flexbox property
width: 100%;
height: 100%
position: relative; // important point
overflow: auto;
}
.Child{
position: absolute; // important point
}
Related
I want to make some kind of image viewer with some descriptive text below. Problem is, that the lower box with the description has a fixed height and the image should fill the remaining height of whatever container it is in.
I wanted to use flexbox for that, as I think it seems to be the most elegant and simple solution (without using JS).
This this code and codepen for my current work, which seems to work mostly:
html, body, #container {
height: 100%
}
#container {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
#container > #image {
/* flex-grow: 1; */ /* not needed here? */
max-width: 75%;
background-color: #fcc;
margin: 0 auto;
}
img {
max-height: 100%;
/* HERE IS WHERE MY PROBLEM STARTS!; */
max-width: 100%;
}
#container > #text {
flex-grow: 0;
flex-shrink: 0;
background-color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.7);
padding: 5px;
max-width: 75%;
margin: 15px auto 0;
/* TOP MARGIN DOESN'T WORK */
}
http://codepen.io/Kageetai/pen/AaCJy
I got most of it to work but the image is not resizing itself correclty. As you can see through the transparent background of the text box, it stretches itself over the border of the containing div and even behind the text box.
So how can I retain the image with the correct aspect ratio inside its container?
And furthermore the centering with margin: 0 auto; seems to make problems when resizing the window. The image is not centered anymore and the page needs a refresh to make it work again.
So does anyone know how to make the image behave correctly? :)
For image , you can set an height, margin and display.
For image container, give a 2 or 3 value to flex and none to other, so it fills as much space as avalaible.
DEMO
CSS used :
html,
body,
#container {
height: 100%
}
#container {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
#container > #text {
background-color: #ccf;
padding: 5px;
}
#container>#image {
flex:3;
display:flex;
}
img {
width:auto;
display:block;
margin:auto;
height:100%;
}
Here's a more basic demo of how to achieve this.
<html style="height: 100%">
<body style="height: 100%; margin: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column">
<p>Toolbar</p>
<div style="background: #bbb; flex: 1">Image</div>
</body>
</html>
A demo can be seen over at Codepen.
I have a parent div (for sake of test we'll call it #parent) and a child div (test reasons #child). #parent is absolutely positioned to the bottom of the page, with a fixed width of 100% and a height of 75px.
child is a div that holds dynamic content (being changed with jQuery). Seeing as it is dynamic, the width of the div is always different. What is the most efficient way to center this div horizontally, since the width is always unknown & different? Any help would be awesome.
The correct way to do this would be the following:
#child {
margin: 0 auto;
}
This sets the top/bottom margins to 0, and then the left/right margins to auto - which means "as large as possible". So you have two equal margins on the left and the right, filling up the space completely, and hence you have a centred div.
This will only work on block elements like divs though - inline elements cannot have auto margins. If you need to centre an inline element (like a span or some text), use text-align: center; on the parent:
#parent {
text-align: center;
}
You could set the margins to: margin: 0, auto;
For fun you could use the CSS Flexible Box Layout Module. Here is a jsFiddle demonstrating what you could do:
See working jsFiddle demo
HTML
<footer>
<div class="dynamic-content">Here is some child dynamic content</div>
</footer>
CSS
body
{
background: #ccc;
}
footer
{
/* As of August 2012, only supported in Chrome 21+ */
display: -webkit-flex;
display: flex;
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
background: #232323;
}
footer .dynamic-content
{
flex: 1;
padding: 10px;
margin: 0 auto;
background: #545454;
color: white;
font-family: verdana;
}
Centering a div using CSS:
HTML:
<div class="center">
.... more content ....
</div>
CSS:
.center {
margin: 0 auto;
}
OR
.center {
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}
The margin: 0 auto; sets the left and right margin to whatever pixel left on the left and right of the page.
Try in jsfiddle
Make it display as an inline element and give the parent the property of text-align center
problem solved
#parent{
text-align:center;
}
#child{
display:inline-block;
}
Edit:
check how it works http://jsfiddle.net/ECMau/1/
I have a responsive element where it's width and height will both scale. Inside this I have some text which I want to center vertically.
How can I set the text's line-height to be the same as it's parent if I don't know the parent's height?
line-height: 100% is relative to the font's regular height so this doesn't help...
Here's another way to center an element vertically. I came across this technique some time ago. Basically it uses a pseudo element and vertical-align: middle.
.block::before {
content: '';
display: inline-block;
height: 100%;
vertical-align: middle;
margin-right: -0.25em; /* Adjusts for spacing */
}
/* The element to be centered, can
also be of any width and height */
.centered {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
width: 300px;
}
Since it's 2019 already, you could also use flexbox to achieve this :)
To do so, add the following classes to the parent element:
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: center;
See this Fiddle
I'd try putting the text inside another element, of which you know (or set) the size. Then setting relative positioning to it, top, left 50% and negative left and right margins.
See this Fiddle
The only problem is that this relies on a known/fixed textblock. If the text is variable, I'm afraid you will have to resort to using Javascript..
Regarding hyperlinks:
I was having this problem regarding links in main menu. And since it was <a> in <li> tags I needed some surface for the links to be clickable/touchable(see touch target size).
So what I did was for the <ul> I set a fixed height(through it's parent in this case), the <li>-s are a percentage of it and the <a>-s have a min-height and line-height properties set to them and it's easy from there to set the top. The code:
.menu-header-main-container{
position: fixed;
top: 0;
bottom: 160px;
}
.menu-header-main-container ul.menu {
height: 100%; }
.menu-header-main-container ul.menu li {
height: 33.33%;
max-height: 110px; }
.menu-header-main-container ul.menu li a {
line-height: 40px;
min-height: 40px;
top: calc(50% - 20px);
position: relative; } }
You cannot set the line-height to 100% of the parent element's height with only CSS. Rather, you can use CSS to center an element vertically.
.parent {
height:150px;
position:relative;
border:1px solid #FDD;
}
.position-center {
position:absolute;
top:50%;
transform:translateY(-50%);
}
<div class="parent">
<span class="position-center">I am vertically centered element</span>
</div>
Wow, 2022 and I don't think we have a decent way to do this still. What I used to do and I think is the less painful idea is to use a table for layout. Tables will naturally center text vertically, or you can use "vertical-align"
<table style="width: 100%; height: 100%; text-align: center">
<tr><td>Your text</td></tr>
</table>
Not great, but at least you can center text without ever having to specify fixed heights.
I've got a menu that appears on hover over an absolutely positioned div. All of the menu items have to be relatively positioned because the absolutely div will appear multiple times on a page and will appear in multiple sizes in one instance.
How would I center multiple items with position: relative both vertically and horizontally when I won't know the the size of the parent div?
I know the position: absolute trick with negative margins, but this situation calls for something different.
Here's the code:
.OuterCase {
position : absolute;
width : 100%;
height : 100%;
text-align: center;
}
.InnerItem {
width : 38px;
height : 38px;
display: inline-block;
}
I've got it to center the items horizontally; it's getting the vertical that's being a bit elusive.
Much simpler:
position: relative;
left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
You are now centered in your parent element. You can do that vertically too.
Alternatively, you may also use the CSS3 Flexible Box Model.
It's a great way to create flexible layouts that can also be applied to center content like so:
#parent {
-webkit-box-align:center;
-webkit-box-pack:center;
display:-webkit-box;
}
If you have a relatively- (or otherwise-) positioned div you can center something inside it with margin:auto
Vertical centering is a bit tricker, but possible.
You can use calc to position element relative to center. For example if you want to position element 200px right from the center .. you can do this :
#your_element{
position:absolute;
left: calc(50% + 200px);
}
Dont forget this
When you use signs + and - you must have one blank space between sign and number, but when you use signs * and / there is no need for blank space.
Another option is to create an extra wrapper to center the element vertically.
#container{
border:solid 1px #33aaff;
width:200px;
height:200px;
}
#helper{
position:relative;
height:50px;
top:50%;
border:dotted 1px #ff55aa;
}
#centered{
position:relative;
height:50px;
top:-50%;
border:solid 1px #ff55aa;
}
<div id="container">
<div id="helper">
<div id="centered"></div>
</div>
<div>
.parent {
width: 100%;
height: 30vh;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
.child {
position: relative;
height: 20vh;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
Just make sure the height of the parent is greater than the height of the child.
An other simple solution I did not yet see here:
.parent{
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
height: 40vh;
width: 40vw;
}
.child{
margin:auto;
}
I am having an issue with line-height that I cannot quite get my head around.
The following code will center an image within a div:
CSS
.bar {
height: 800px;
width: 100%;
line-height:800px;
background-color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.bar img {
vertical-align: middle;
}
HTML
<div class="bar">
<img src="http://27.media.tumblr.com/yHWA4oxH870ulxnoH7CkOSDR_500.jpg" alt="Foo Image" />
</div>
However, if I change the line height to 100%, then the line height does not take effect (or at least does not become 100% of the div).
Example jsfiddle
Does anyone know what I am doing wrong?
line-height: 100% means 100% of the font size for that element, not 100% of its height. In fact, the line height is always relative to the font size, not the height, unless its value uses a unit of absolute length (px, pt, etc).
I know this question is old, but I found what for me is the perfect workaround.
I add this css to the div that I want to center:
div:before {
content: "";
display: inline-block;
height: 100%;
vertical-align: middle;
}
This works every time and it is clean.
Edit:
Just for completion's sake, I use scss and I have a handy mixin that I include on every parent who's direct children I want to have vertically centered:
#mixin vertical-align($align: middle) {
&:before {
content: "";
display: inline-block;
height: 100%;
vertical-align: $align;
// you can add font-size 0 here and restore in the children to prevent
// the inline-block white-space to mess the width of your elements
font-size: 0;
}
& > * {
vertical-align: $align;
// although you need to know the font-size, because "inherit" is 0
font-size: 14px;
}
}
Full explanation:
div:before will add an element inside the div, but before any of its children. When using :before or :after we must use a content: declaration otherwise nothing will happen, but for our purpose, the content can be empty. Then we tell the element to be as tall as its parent, as long as its parent's height is defined and this element is at least inline-block. vertical-align defines the vertical position of self related to parent, as opposed to text-align that works differently.
The #mixin declaration is for sass users and it would be used like this:
div {
#include vertical-align(middle)
}
When you use percentage as the line-height it is not based on the div container, rather its based on the font-size.
line-height: 100% would be an easy way to vertically center elements, if it was calculated in relation to the container, but that would be too easy, hence it doesn't work.
So instead, it is just another way of saying line-height: 1em (right?)
Another way of vertically centering an element would be:
.container {
position:relative;
}
.center {
position:absolute;
top:0; left:0; bottom:0; right:0;
margin: auto;
/* for horiz left-align, try "margin: auto auto auto 0" */
}
might not be pretty, but it's working, and its semantic;
<div class="bar" style="display: table; text-align: center;">
<img style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;" src="http://27.media.tumblr.com/yHWA4oxH870ulxnoH7CkOSDR_500.jpg" alt="Foo Image" />
</div>
display: table-cell gives an element the unique table ablillity to align verticaly (atleast i think its unique)
This is a very late answer, however in modern browsers, assuming that the parent element is 100% of the screen height as well, you can use the vh viewport unit.
FIDDLE
line-height: 100vh;
Browser support
A more modern approach is to use flexbox for this, it is simpler and cleaner. However, flexbox is an entirely different paradigm from what inline-block, float or position used to be.
To align items inside .parent you do:
.parent {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
}
That is about it. Children of flex parents are automatically converted to flex child items.
You should read more about flexbox, a good place to start is this cheat sheet: https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/a-guide-to-flexbox/
This is the modern solution in which you need to set the following CSS in the container div or outer div.
.outer-div {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
Another following solution may be applied to the element which you want to make centered vertically. Note that the outer or container div should be
.inner-div {
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
text-align: center;
}
Note that the outer or container div position should be relative.
This solution works in IE9 and above. First we set the child's top position to 50% (middle of the parent). Then using translate rule, shift the child up by a half of its actual height. The main benefit is that we don't need to define child's height, it's calculated by the browser dynamically. JSFiddle
.bar {
height: 500px;
text-align: center;
background: green;
}
.bar img {
position: relative;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(0, -50%);
}
You can set line-height based on that element height. If the element height 200px means you need to set line height to 200px to center the text.
span {
height: 200px;
width: 200px;
border: 1px solid black;
line-height: 200px;
display: block;
}
<span>Im vertically center</span>