When I request a web page, assuming that this web page contains images, css and js files, how does http response look like? is it one response with multiple entities (img, css, js, text/html ....) or multiple response packets will be sent back to my browser each with a single entity?
get the Google Chrome. Then go to View -> Developer -> Developer Tools.
With the developer tools open, go to the tab "Network".
Now, with tha developer panel open. Go to the address bar of the browser and type something like http://csb.stanford.edu/class/public/pages/sykes_webdesign/05_simple.html
Then you can see all the files that the browser is requesting via HTTP.
As you can see, the HTTP response does not come with everything you see on the website. But the main page has references to images and CSS, then the browser parses this content and get the other items. A new HTTP request is make for each item [an image or a CSS file] of the webpage. Explore the tool and you will figure out how it works. Of couse... learn more about HTML.
If you request www.example.com, the response will be the default HTML document, probably index.html. This file will contain links to resources, like CSS files, Javascript files, images... etc... then the browser will proceed to download all those resources.
http://mkcohen.com/how-the-web-works-in-one-easy-lesson
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I know many people asks the opposite of what I am asking. I am trying to make browsers play the file instead of downloading when opening the mp3 files´ link. I do not care if the users download the file after that, but I need the browsers to play the file at first, instead of automatically downloading. It happens in computers and smarthphones.
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I don´t know if it is something I have to change in .htaccess file or somewhere else. The link to the site is this: https://cefadchurch.com/sermones/predicas-dominicales/
Try the download button. If you see, it directly sends you to the file´s link, but it starts downloading instead playing. I know a "Download" button function is obviously to make the browser download the file, but that will not be the case for me, because however, if the button sends me to the file´s link, I rather the browser play instead download, and the company has asked me for that function.
In your response headers, you're actively forcing the download in two ways:
Content-Disposition: attachment
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Firstly, the Content-Disposition header value of attachment forces a download to occur. You must get rid of it if you want to not have a forced download.
Next, the content type of application/octet-stream is the generic binary type, and thus the browser doesn't know how to render it so just downloads it as a file to let the system handle it. If you're sending MP3s, use audio/mpeg for the Content-Type response header.
Finally, not all browsers can/will play media in a tab when you link to the media directly. If you want the file to play in-browser, you need to embed it into a web page with the <audio> tag.
I'm generating dynamic CSS URLs for cache-busting. I.e. they're in the format styles-thisisthecontenthash123.css.
I also want to use HTTP Link headers to load the files slightly faster. I.e. have the header Link: <styles-thisisthecontenthash123.css>; rel=stylesheet
I'm pretty sure it's possible to do this in Fastly using VCL, but I'm not familiar enough with the ecosystem to figure it out. The CSS URL is in index.html, which is cached. I'm thinking I can open index.html and maybe use regex to parse out the CSS URL. How would I do this?
If I'm understanding your question correctly, you want to include a link header for all requests for index.html. You can do that with Fastly, but if the URL for the CSS file is changing you're not going to be able to pull that info out with VCL (you can't inspect the response body).
You could use edge dictionaries and whenever your CSS filename changes, update the reference via the API.
Thing is, if you're going to make an API call whenever the file changes, might as well just keep the filename consistent (styles.css) and whenever you publish a new version send a cache invalidation (purge). Fastly will clear the cache in ~150ms, so you then all you have to do is add the header which is can be done in the Fastly web portal with a condition.
I am building an app which wraps some content in html. The users will be able to download this html file and view the content (which changes dynamically based on time and a few details fetched from our servers.
I would like to know if there is any settings on browsers that can block https:// requests from file:// urls?
It works by default, I am just concerned if there is any way users can do this. (browser settings, security zones or something like that)
I believe there is no code samples required for this.
There are windows group policy settings that can block browser downloads, but I'm not aware of browser specific settings. Here are a few links:
http://www.grouppolicy.biz/2010/03/group-policy-setting-of-the-week-18-allow-file-downlaod-internet-explorer/
https://serverfault.com/questions/362974/how-can-i-disable-download-from-all-browsers-using-group-policy-for-domain-users
https://superuser.com/questions/578276/can-i-block-all-file-downloads-in-chrome
I have a website written in Ruby using Ruby on Rail framwork, everything was fine when using HTTP protocol, but when switching to HTTPS protocol.
Some CSS material can not shown, but some of it can.
The font can not be shown, originally the font was designed, but now it is not.
Anyone know what happen?
Without any specific error I assume browser is probably blocking files loading from mixed content, i.e. using both HTTP and HTTPS. Use your browser developer tools network tab to confirm this.
You can use // instead of http:// so that resources load from the relative protocol that the page content is loading from; Can I change all my http:// links to just //?
Also read; How to fix a website with blocked mixed content
we wrote CMS apps with asp.net. the user can attach file documents, pdfs to their forms and send to each other. the user can easily download the pdf and other documents but when they want to download jpg file their IE render the jpg file as a binary and show the binaries of jpg file? the IE didn't show the save as dialogue such as other files!
where is problem? and how can I handle this in asp.net? Is it relate to HTTPS? because the user used the https to connect to this cms.
As I understand it, users need to download the files and they are able to do so for some files but not for JPEG? And it shows as binary, what do you mean, it shows the byte codes?
Keep in mind each request has a content type header in the response which will identify to the browser what kind of content it is. This is set a known MIME type such as image/jpeg, ...
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Browser loads each resource based on the content type. Having said that, it is up to the browser to load the resource the way it wants. I can personalise and change my browser setting to some point so you have to look at the user's browser if you cannot reproduce it on each machine.
In any case, you need to see the content-type header in the response for the resource (using Fiddler as someone else also suggested) and make sure it is set to a correct value. If it is set to image/jpeg, it will render it as image but if it is set to application/octet-stream it will download it. My hunch is it is set to something else (such as text/html or text/plain) and that is why browser tries to show it as a text.