I need to display an image (and may be some controls near it) at the center (both horizontally and vertically) of the window, while being shrinked to screen height when happens to be bigger (all the images I have are vertical so I don't care about their width).
The underlying content must be hidden with the background.
Code should work in browsers starting from Internet Explorer 8.
I managed to acheive everything but the latter - shrinking to screen height, which I am having problems with.
Here is how I tried to implement it (put in clauses with a resulting code below):
I put everything in a block with fixed positioning and setting 100% to it's width and height - for it to fill the whole window area. Successful.
I use table to center the image vertically, wherefore I set it's height to 100%. Successful.
Inside of the cell I place an image.
3a. When it's height is less then screen size the image is positioned at the center vertically. Successful.
3b. I set max-height to 100% for the image to make it fit into the screen. Unsucsessful! Image pushes the window apart to it's actual height (except of, surprisingly, IE).
Is it possible to solve the task described and what did I do wrong?
(my code:)
view at jsfiddle
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="photoshow">
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://s14.postimg.org/e9kwvq2m9/1031_1.jpg">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
CSS:
.photoshow { /* the containing block */
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
z-index: 1;
background: pink; /* hiding the underlying content */
}
.photoshow table {
height: 100%;
margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; /* to center horizontally */
}
.photoshow td {
height: 100%;
vertical-align: middle;
background: yellow; /* just for visual indication */
}
.photoshow img {
max-height: 100%;
}
DEMO
.photoshow .big {
position:fixed;
top:0;
bottom:0;
left:0;
right:0;
margin:auto;
height:100%;
max-height:300px;
}
Related
I am trying to set a <div> to a certain percentage height in CSS, but it just remains the same size as the content inside it. When I remove the HTML 5 <!DOCTYTPE html> however, it works, the <div> taking up the whole page as desired. I want the page to validate, so what should I do?
I have this CSS on the <div>, which has an ID of page:
#page {
padding: 10px;
background-color: white;
height: 90% !important;
}
I am trying to set a div to a certain percentage height in CSS
Percentage of what?
To set a percentage height, its parent element(*) must have an explicit height. This is fairly self-evident, in that if you leave height as auto, the block will take the height of its content... but if the content itself has a height expressed in terms of percentage of the parent you've made yourself a little Catch 22. The browser gives up and just uses the content height.
So the parent of the div must have an explicit height property. Whilst that height can also be a percentage if you want, that just moves the problem up to the next level.
If you want to make the div height a percentage of the viewport height, every ancestor of the div, including <html> and <body>, have to have height: 100%, so there is a chain of explicit percentage heights down to the div.
(*: or, if the div is positioned, the ‘containing block’, which is the nearest ancestor to also be positioned.)
Alternatively, all modern browsers and IE>=9 support new CSS units relative to viewport height (vh) and viewport width (vw):
div {
height:100vh;
}
See here for more info.
You need to set the height on the <html> and <body> elements as well; otherwise, they will only be large enough to fit the content. For example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<title>Example of 100% width and height</title>
<style>
html, body { height: 100%; margin: 0; }
div { height: 100%; width: 100%; background: red; }
</style>
<div></div>
bobince's answer will let you know in which cases "height: XX%;" will or won't work.
If you want to create an element with a set ratio (height: % of it's own width), use the aspect-ratio property. Make sure height is not explicitly set on the element for it to work. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/aspect-ratio
.square {
width: 100%;
height: unset;
aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
}
Historically, the best way to do this was to set the height using padding-bottom. Example for square:
<div class="square-container">
<div class="square-content">
<!-- put your content in here -->
</div>
</div>
.square-container { /* any display: block; element */
position: relative;
height: 0;
padding-bottom: 100%; /* of parent width */
}
.square-content {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
}
The square container will just be made of padding, and the content will expand to fill the container. Long article from 2009 on this subject: http://alistapart.com/article/creating-intrinsic-ratios-for-video
In order to use percentage(%), you must define the % of its parent element. If you use body{height: 100%} it will not work because its parent have no percentage in height. In that case in order to work that body height you must add this in html{height:100%}
In other cases to get rid of that defining parent percentage you can use
body{height:100vh}
vh stands for viewport height
You can use 100vw / 100vh. CSS3 gives us viewport-relative units. 100vw means 100% of the viewport width. 100vh; 100% of the height.
<div style="display:flex; justify-content: space-between;background-color: lightyellow; width:100%; height:85vh">
<div style="width:70%; height: 100%; border: 2px dashed red"></div>
<div style="width:30%; height: 100%; border: 2px dashed red"></div>
</div>
Sometimes, you may want to conditionally set the height of a div, such as when the entire content is less than the height of the screen. Setting all parent elements to 100% will cut off content when it is longer than the screen size.
So, the way to get around this is to set the min-height:
Continue to let the parent elements automatically adjust their height
Then in your main div, subtract the pixel sizes of the header and footer div from 100vh (viewport units). In css, something like:
min-height: calc(100vh - 246px);
100vh is full length of the screen, minus the surrounding divs.
By setting min-height and not height, content longer than screen will continue to flow, instead of getting cut off.
With new CSS sizing properties you can get away with not setting exact height on parent. The new block-size and inline-size properties can be used like this:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<style>
#parent {
border: 1px dotted gray;
height: auto; /* auto values */
width: auto;
}
#wrapper {
background-color: violet;
writing-mode: vertical-lr;
block-size: 30%;
inline-size: 70%;
}
#child {
background-color: wheat;
writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
width: 30%; /* set to 100% if you don't want to expose wrapper */
height: 70%; /* none of the parent has exact height set */
}
</style>
<body>
<div id=parent>
<div id=wrapper>
<div id=child>Lorem ipsum dollar...</div>
Resize the browser window in full page mode. I think the values are relative to viewport height and width.
For more info refer: https://www.w3.org/TR/css-sizing-3/
Almost all browsers support it: https://caniuse.com/?search=inline-size
I have used a background image on the webpage and used this code in the css which makes it nicely resize when browser is resized.
body{
background: url("images/back.jpg") no-repeat ;
background-size: cover;
}
I need to place some other image on top of the background image at a specific place ( vase on table) .but when i do that then the background gets resized but the vase image remains in the same place and same size when browser is resized as shown in second picture below.
see the vase in these two images
browser in full size
resized browser
how can i make the vase image also get resized just like the background
I recently ran into exactly the same issue creating a hidden object game which needed images placed on top of a background image to maintain their position regardless of browser dimensions.
Here's what I did:
You can include a template version of the background image as an actual <img> with visibility:hidden (so it's not visible but still takes up it's space in the DOM and base the size (and background image size) based on that.
HTML:
<div class="image-container">
<img src="http://www.w3.org/html/logo/downloads/HTML5_Logo_512.png" class="img-template">
<div class="item"></div>
</div>
CSS:
/* This is your container with the background image */
.image-container {
background:url('http://www.w3.org/html/logo/downloads/HTML5_Logo_512.png') no-repeat;
background-size:100%;
overflow-x: hidden;
position:relative;
}
/* This is the template that resizes the DIV based on background image size */
img.img-template {
visibility: hidden;
width:100%;
height:auto;
}
/* This is the item you want to place (plant pot) */
.item {
position: absolute;
left: 14.6%;
bottom: 80.3%;
width: 15%;
height: 15%;
background: yellow;
border: 2px solid black;
}
Here is a working example: http://jsfiddle.net/cfjbF/3/
Try making the image relative position and setting the alignment manually.
http://jsfiddle.net/cfjbF/1/
<head>
<style>
body {
background: #000000;
}
#image1 {
background: #008000;
position: relative;
left: 50px;
height: 50px;
width: 50px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="image1"></div>
</body>
Solution for your Problem:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/7660978/1256403
OR
http://buildinternet.com/2009/07/quick-tip-resizing-images-based-on-browser-window-size/
I have a middle container that takes up whatever vertical space is left on the screen. In it, I placed a Jquery scroller that is currently set to 200px:
.scroll-pane
{
width: 100%;
height: 200px;
overflow: auto;
}
.horizontal-only
{
height: auto;
max-height: 100%;
}
However, if I set .scroll-pane height to 100%, it just removes the scrollbar and stretches the whole page.
See JsFiddle here
How can I stop this? Thanks!
Here is my solution to this problem (jsfiddle). It uses markup like this:
<div id="top">...</div>
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="middle">...</div>
</div>
<div id="bottom">...</div>
The top and bottom divs are position absolutely at the top and bottom, with a width of 100%. The wrapper div has height: 100%, box-sizing: border-box, and top and bottom padding equal to the height of the top and bottom divs, respectively. This causes it to fill the viewport but have padding underneath the top and bottom divs. The middle div has a height of 100% so it fills the content box of the wrapper (i.e., 100% minus the top and bottom paddings). It has position: relative, which leaves you free to use height: 100% on both interior boxes.
Lastly, middleleft is positioned absolutely and middleright has a left margin equal to its width, which causes it to fill the remaining horizontal space.
height: 100% never works like you want it to. The CSS specifications dictate that it must equal the height of the browser window, or the closest parent block-level element with an absolute height specified. That means that this code will should not work as expected:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Want the body to fill the page? Too bad!</title>
<style type="text/css">
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
.page {
padding-top: 50px;
box-sizing: border-box;
height: 100%;
}
.header {
margin-top: -50px;
height: 50px;
}
.body {
height: 100%;
background: gray;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="page">
<div class="header">
<h1>Too bad!</h1>
</div>
<div class="body">
<p>Hello cruel world...</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
However, that works fine in Chrome. Why? I can only assume that Google decided to specifically go against web standards because in this case, the standards make no sense. Why would I want something to be the exact height of the browser window? The only time is a <div> wrapping the whole page; in this case a simple "height is relative to the parent block" rule works just fine without breaking expectations elsewhere.
There is a way around this, though. At least, that's what I wanted to say before I tried this in Firefox too. Another way to get height: 100% (with some restrictions) is with position: absolute. However, it would seem that Firefox isn't respecting position: relative on a display: table-cell element - probably those pesky standards again. Here's the code for this technique anyway, if you are interested:
#wrapper > div > #middleleft {
position: relative;
}
.scroll-pane {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
}
So what can you do? Well, unfortunately, I don't yet know the answer to that. A kludgy solution would be to have Javascript set the height to an absolute pixel value, and attach an event to window resizing in order to update that height. I'll get back to you if I find a better way.
I'm not sure exactly what your trying to do, but another method would be to set body height to 100%, then set scrollpane to "height: auto". Then for the "top" and "bottom" div's used fixed positioning, plus margin equal to top/bottom height.
body {
height: 100%;
}
.top {
position: fixed;
top: 0;
height: 100px;
}
.middle {
height: auto;
margin: 100px auto;
}
.bottom {
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
height: 100px;
}
<div class="top">content</div>
<div class="middle">content</div>
<div class="bottom">content</div>
Try that...
I am looking to implement the opposite behaviour to the following question: CSS Push Div to bottom of page. I.e., when content overflows to the scrollbars, I would like the footer to be at the bottom of the page, like Stack Overflow.
I have a div with id="footer" and the following CSS:
#footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 30px;
width: 100%;
}
This moves the div to the bottom of the viewport - but the element stays there even when you scroll the page down, so it is no longer at the bottom.
How can I make sure the div stays at the bottom of the page's contents even when the content overflows? I'm not looking for fixed positioning, only for the element to be at the bottom of all content.
Image:
This is precisely what position: fixed was designed for:
#footer {
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
}
Here's the fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/uw8f9/
Unfortunately you can't do this with out adding a little extra HTML and having one piece of CSS rely on another.
HTML
First you need to wrap your header,footer and #body into a #holder div:
<div id="holder">
<header>.....</header>
<div id="body">....</div>
<footer>....</footer>
</div>
CSS
Then set height: 100% to html and body (actual body, not your #body div) to ensure you can set minimum height as a percentage on child elements.
Now set min-height: 100% on the #holder div so it fills the content of the screen and use position: absolute to sit the footer at the bottom of the #holder div.
Unfortunately, you have to apply padding-bottom to the #body div that is the same height as the footer to ensure that the footer does not sit above any content:
html,body{
height: 100%
}
#holder{
min-height: 100%;
position:relative;
}
#body{
padding-bottom: 100px; /* height of footer */
}
footer{
height: 100px;
width:100%;
position: absolute;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
}
Working example, short body: http://jsfiddle.net/ELUGc/
Working example, long body: http://jsfiddle.net/ELUGc/1/
Just worked out for another solution as above example have bug( somewhere error ) for me. Variation from the selected answer.
html,body {
height: 100%
}
#nonFooter {
min-height: 100%;
position:relative;
/* Firefox */
min-height: -moz-calc(100% - 30px);
/* WebKit */
min-height: -webkit-calc(100% - 30px);
/* Opera */
min-height: -o-calc(100% - 30px);
/* Standard */
min-height: calc(100% - 30px);
}
#footer {
height:30px;
margin: 0;
clear: both;
width:100%;
position: relative;
}
for html layout
<body>
<div id="nonFooter">header,middle,left,right,etc</div>
<div id="footer"></div>
</body>
Well this way don't support old browser however its acceptable for old browser to scrolldown 30px to view the footer
plunker
I realise it says not to use this for 'responding to other answers' but unfortunately I don't have enough rep to add a comment onto the appropriate answer (!) but ...
If you are having problems in asp.net with the answer from 'My Head Hurts' - you need to add 'height : 100%' to the main generated FORM tag as well as HTML and BODY tags in order for this to work.
You didn't close your ; after position: absolute.
Otherwise your above code would have worked perfectly!
#footer {
position:absolute;
bottom:30px;
width:100%;
}
I would comment if i could , but i have no permissions yet, so i will post a hint as an answer, for unexpected behavior on some android devices:
Position: Fixed only works in Android 2.1 thru 2.3 by using the following meta tag:
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no">.
see http://caniuse.com/#search=position
This is an intuitive solution using the viewport command that just sets the minimum height to the viewport height minus the footer height.
html,body{
height: 100%
}
#nonFooter{
min-height: calc(100vh - 30px)
}
#footer {
height:30px;
margin: 0;
clear: both;
width:100%;
}
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
(if needs element in whole display and left align)
left:0;
width: 100%;
I've solved a similar issue by putting all of my main content within an extra div tag (id="outer"). I've then moved the div tag with id="footer" outside of this last "outer" div tag.
I've used CSS to specify the height of "outer" and specified the width and height of "footer". I've also used CSS to specify the margin-left and margin-right of "footer" as auto. The result is that the footer sits firmly at the bottom of my page and scrolls with the page too (although, it's still appears inside the "outer" div, but happily outside of the main "content" div. which seems strange, but it's where I want it).
I just want to add - most of the other answers worked fine for me; however, it took a long time to get them working!
This is because setting height: 100% only picks up parent div's height!
So if your entire html (inside of the body) looks like the following:
<div id="holder">
<header>.....</header>
<div id="body">....</div>
<footer>....</footer>
</div>
Then the following will be fine:
html,body{
height: 100%
}
#holder{
min-height: 100%;
position:relative;
}
#body{
padding-bottom: 100px; /* height of footer */
}
footer{
height: 100px;
width:100%;
position: absolute;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
}
...as "holder" will pick up it's height directly from "body".
Kudos to My Head Hurts, whose answer was the one I ended up getting to work!
However. If your html is more nested (because it's only an element of the full page, or it's within a certain column, etc) then you need to make sure every containing element also has height: 100% set on the div. Otherwise, the information on height will be lost between "body" and "holder".
E.g. the following, where I've added the "full height" class to every div to make sure the height gets all the way down to our header/body/footer elements:
<div class="full-height">
<div class="container full-height">
<div id="holder">
<header>.....</header>
<div id="body">....</div>
<footer>....</footer>
</div>
</div>
</div>
And remember to set height on full-height class in the css:
#full-height{
height: 100%;
}
That fixed my issues!
if you have a fixed height footer (for example 712px) you can do this with js like so:
var bgTop = 0;
window.addEventListener("resize",theResize);
function theResize(){
bgTop = winHeight - 712;
document.getElementById("bg").style.marginTop = bgTop+"px";
}
I hit my footer with a margin-top: auto and it did the trick! Im commenting this here just in case it could help any future visitors.
#decoration extend a bit outside of #wrapper. The problem is that if the browser viewport is 910px a vertical scroll bar appears.
How do I make it so that #decoration to not occupy space so the vertical scroll bar do not appear.
EDIT:
Check out this link to see what I want. Just in such a way no vertical scroll bar is there.
http://jsfiddle.net/HLqwN/
Using overflow:hidden will clip part of #decoration so that do not work.
<head>
<style>
#wrapper {
width: 900px;
position: relative;
}
#decoration {
position: absolute;
width: 542px;
height: 126px;
top: 0;
left: 660px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
<img id="decoration" src="/images/decoration.png" alt="" title="" />
<div id="content">
Some content
</div>
</div>
</body>
You could set overflow: hidden as the other answers are suggesting.
However, a "decoration" image should not be an <img>, it should be a CSS background-image.
Like this:
#wrapper {
height: 126px;
background: #ccc url(http://dummyimage.com/542x126/f0f/fff) 660px 0 no-repeat
}
See: http://jsfiddle.net/rdSJH/
if it is a decorative image, perhaps you should use it as a background image on the wrapper rather than in HTML source, you can still position it 660px left and it will not then cause a content scroll bar as it's not content.
#wrapper {
width: 900px;
position: relative;
background: url(background.png) no-repeat 660px 0;
}
[update after your clarification]
OK so you want the decoration to overlap the wrapper if there's space available to do so, like a pop-out?
is so try this, fiddle
notes: the span holding the background image should be outside the wrapper, no width on the span use your left co-ordinate and right: 0; or whatever margin from the right you might like, and still use the image as a background image. the span can sit down the bottom of your HTML out of the way
You could use overflow: hidden; on your wrapper
You might want to wrap a div around the decoration image and set overflow:hidden on that. Setting overflow:hidden on your wrapper might cause other content to be clipped depending on your layout.
If it's just a decoration you should try doing it with a background image though, then you don't have to worry about the clipping.