IP Camera h264 streaming using udp multicast with RTPS - qt

I have a video conference software that works with h264 multicast streamings, now I need to make this software works with an ip camera that provides an RTPS control interface.
I requested the h264 stream and it's coming via udp multicast, the packages are in RTP format.
So, acording with some research I need to remove the RTP header from the udp payload to have my wanted data, and I need to reconstruct the I frames becouse they may be fragmented.
I'm using Qt and the class QUdpSocket
QByteArray IDR;
while(socket->hasPendingDatagrams())
{
int pendingDataSize = socket->pendingDatagramSize();
char * data = (char *) malloc(pendingDataSize);
socket->readDatagram(data, pendingDataSize);
int fragment_type = data[12] & 0x1F;
int nal_type = data[13] & 0x1F;
int start_bit = data[13] & 0x80;
int end_bit = data[13] & 0x40;
//If it is an I Frame
if (((fragment_type == 28) || (fragment_type == 29)) && (nal_type == 5))
{
if(start_bit == 128 && end_bit == 64)
{
char nalByte = (data[12] & 0xE0) | (data[13] & 0x1F);
data[13] = nalByte;
char * dataWithoutHeader = data + 13;
uint8_t* datagramToQueue = (uint8_t*) queue_malloc(pendingDataSize - 13);
memcpy(datagramToQueue, dataWithoutHeader, pendingDataSize - 13);
f << "\nI Begin + I End\n";
}
if(start_bit == 128)
{
f << "\nI Begin\n";
char nalByte = (data[12] & 0xE0) | (data[13] & 0x1F);
data[13] = nalByte;
char * dataWithoutHeader = data + 13;
IDR.append(dataWithoutHeader, pendingDataSize - 13);
}
if(end_bit == 64)
{
f << "\nI End\n";
char* dataWithoutHeader = data + 13;
IDR.append(dataWithoutHeader, pendingDataSize - 13);
datagramToQueue = (uint8_t*) queue_malloc(IDR.size());
memcpy(datagramToQueue, IDR.data(), IDR.size());
queue_enqueue(this->encodedQueue, datagramToQueue, IDR.size(),0, NULL);
IDR.clear();
}
if(start_bit != 128 && end_bit != 64)
{
char* dataWithoutHeader = data + 13;
IDR.append(dataWithoutHeader, pendingDataSize - 13);
}
f << "\nI\n";
continue;
}
f << "\nP\n";
uint8_t* datagramToQueue = (uint8_t*) queue_malloc(pendingDataSize - 12);
char* datacharMid = data + 13;
memcpy(datagramToQueue, datacharMid, pendingDataSize - 12);
queue_enqueue(this->encodedQueue, datagramToQueue, pendingDataSize - 12,0, NULL);
}
To decode the stream, My software have two implementations, the first uses FFMPEG and the second Intel Media SDK.
The both identifies the parametes of the video, FFMPEG shows as result a little strip of video where I can define some stuff that is in front of the camera and the rest of image is an entire mass with the colors of my scenario. The Intel Media SDK results in a pink screen with some gray lines moving around.
So, someone can tell me if there is some mistake in my packages parser? The order fragment_type, start_bit, end_bit are coming just don't make much sense to me.

Related

Divided and duplicated frame capture output for ADNS 9800 Arduino

I am trying to interface an ADNS 9800 mouse chip which I took from "Sharkoon SHARK ZONE M50" . The original PCB is still in place.
I am trying to obtain a framecapture, which should be 30 x 30 pixels. I have connected the ADNS 9800 with SPI to an Arduino UNO Rev 3 (i.e. 5V operating voltage). I.e. MISO, MOSI, SCLK, DGND, AGND, NCS. I did not connect any voltage, since I concluded from previous attempts that that did not yield a good frame capture.
The current problem is that I get a frame capture that is divided in 3 parts: square top left (with a good image of the surroundings), square bottom left (which is a duplicate of top left) and a rectangle on the right half of the screen of monotone grey colour (which does change depending on light conditions). See image. I want the full screen to be one image, not the divided mess it is now. Therefore, it may be a question of the resolution that is used, it may be that it is 15x15 instead of 30x30. However I do not know where this is determined/set.
Also, I find it strange that no input voltage seems to be needed to obtain an image from the camera.
See attachments for frame capture and code (arduino + processing).
Frame output
Arduino code
#include
#include
// Registers
#define REG_Product_ID 0x00
#define REG_Revision_ID 0x01
#define REG_Motion 0x02
#define REG_Delta_X_L 0x03
#define REG_Delta_X_H 0x04
#define REG_Delta_Y_L 0x05
#define REG_Delta_Y_H 0x06
#define REG_SQUAL 0x07
#define REG_Pixel_Sum 0x08
#define REG_Maximum_Pixel 0x09
#define REG_Minimum_Pixel 0x0a
#define REG_Shutter_Lower 0x0b
#define REG_Shutter_Upper 0x0c
#define REG_Frame_Period_Lower 0x0d
#define REG_Frame_Period_Upper 0x0e
#define REG_Configuration_I 0x0f
#define REG_Configuration_II 0x10
#define REG_Frame_Capture 0x12
#define REG_SROM_Enable 0x13
#define REG_Run_Downshift 0x14
#define REG_Rest1_Rate 0x15
#define REG_Rest1_Downshift 0x16
#define REG_Rest2_Rate 0x17
#define REG_Rest2_Downshift 0x18
#define REG_Rest3_Rate 0x19
#define REG_Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Lower 0x1a
#define REG_Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Upper 0x1b
#define REG_Frame_Period_Min_Bound_Lower 0x1c
#define REG_Frame_Period_Min_Bound_Upper 0x1d
#define REG_Shutter_Max_Bound_Lower 0x1e
#define REG_Shutter_Max_Bound_Upper 0x1f
#define REG_LASER_CTRL0 0x20
#define REG_Observation 0x24
#define REG_Data_Out_Lower 0x25
#define REG_Data_Out_Upper 0x26
#define REG_SROM_ID 0x2a
#define REG_Lift_Detection_Thr 0x2e
#define REG_Configuration_V 0x2f
#define REG_Configuration_IV 0x39
#define REG_Power_Up_Reset 0x3a
#define REG_Shutdown 0x3b
#define REG_Inverse_Product_ID 0x3f
#define REG_Snap_Angle 0x42
#define REG_Motion_Burst 0x50
#define REG_SROM_Load_Burst 0x62
#define REG_Pixel_Burst 0x64
byte initComplete=0;
byte testctr=0;
unsigned long currTime;
unsigned long timer;
volatile int xdat;
volatile int ydat;
volatile byte movementflag=0;
const int ncs = 10;
const int lsPin = 4;//ANALOG
const int linearActPin = 9;
extern const unsigned short firmware_length;
extern const unsigned char firmware_data[];
String parseChar = ".";
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
//For first parse put LF and CR there
Serial.println("");
//pinMode(ls, INPUT);
//ADNS 9800 setup
pinMode (ncs, OUTPUT);
SPI.begin();
SPI.setDataMode(SPI_MODE3);
SPI.setBitOrder(MSBFIRST);
//Set clock to 2 MHz
SPI.setClockDivider(8);
performStartup();
dispRegisters();
delay(100);
//Pin modes
pinMode(linearActPin, OUTPUT);
Serial.print("Ready");
Serial.println(parseChar);
//Serial.println("Device is ready");
//FrameCapture();
}
/* DO NOT EDIT BELOW; NECESSARY FOR ADNS9800 */
void performStartup(void){
// reset the chip
adns_com_end(); // ensure that the serial port is reset
adns_com_begin(); // ensure that the serial port is reset
adns_com_end(); // ensure that the serial port is reset
adns_write_reg(REG_Power_Up_Reset, 0x5a); // force reset
delay(50); // wait for it to reboot
// read registers 0x02 to 0x06 (and discard the data)
adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_X_L);
adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_X_H);
adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_Y_L);
adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_Y_H);
// upload the firmware
adns_upload_firmware();
delay(10);
//enable laser(bit 0 = 0b), in normal mode (bits 3,2,1 = 000b)
// reading the actual value of the register is important because the real
// default value is different from what is said in the datasheet, and if you
// change the reserved bytes (like by writing 0x00...) it would not work.
byte laser_ctrl0 = adns_read_reg(REG_LASER_CTRL0);
adns_write_reg(REG_LASER_CTRL0, laser_ctrl0 & 0xf1 );
//0x08 = enable fixed framerate, leave rest standard
//0x10 = disable AGC, leave rest standard
adns_write_reg(REG_Configuration_II, 0x08);
//Set resolution; cpi = REG_value x50
//Min: 0x01 50 cpi
//Max: 0xA4 8200 cpi
adns_write_reg(REG_Configuration_I, 0xA4);
//Set fixed framerate: FR = clk_freq/REG_value = 2000 fps
adns_write_reg(REG_Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Lower, 0xa8);
adns_write_reg(REG_Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Upper, 0x61);
//Set shutter time
adns_write_reg(REG_Shutter_Max_Bound_Lower,0x00);
adns_write_reg(REG_Shutter_Max_Bound_Upper,0x08);
//adns_write_reg(REG_Snap_Angle, 0x80);
delay(1);
Serial.print("Initialized");
Serial.println(parseChar);
}
void adns_com_begin(){
digitalWrite(ncs, LOW);
}
void adns_com_end(){
digitalWrite(ncs, HIGH);
}
byte adns_read_reg(byte reg_addr){
adns_com_begin();
// send adress of the register, with MSBit = 0 to indicate it's a read
SPI.transfer(reg_addr & 0x7f );
delayMicroseconds(100); // tSRAD
// read data
byte data = SPI.transfer(0);
delayMicroseconds(1); // tSCLK-NCS for read operation is 120ns
adns_com_end();
delayMicroseconds(19); // tSRW/tSRR (=20us) minus tSCLK-NCS
return data;
}
void adns_write_reg(byte reg_addr, byte data){
adns_com_begin();
//send adress of the register, with MSBit = 1 to indicate it's a write
SPI.transfer(reg_addr | 0x80 );
//sent data
SPI.transfer(data);
delayMicroseconds(20); // tSCLK-NCS for write operation
adns_com_end();
delayMicroseconds(100); // tSWW/tSWR (=120us) minus tSCLK-NCS. Could be shortened, but is looks like a safe lower bound
}
void adns_upload_firmware(){
// send the firmware to the chip, cf p.18 of the datasheet
//Serial.println("Uploading firmware...");
// set the configuration_IV register in 3k firmware mode
adns_write_reg(REG_Configuration_IV, 0x02); // bit 1 = 1 for 3k mode, other bits are reserved
// write 0x1d in SROM_enable reg for initializing
delay(10);
adns_write_reg(REG_SROM_Enable, 0x1d);
// wait for more than one frame period
delay(10); // assume that the frame rate is as low as 100fps... even if it should never be that low
// write 0x18 to SROM_enable to start SROM download
adns_write_reg(REG_SROM_Enable, 0x18);
// write the SROM file (=firmware data)
adns_com_begin();
//write burst destination adress
//bitwise OR to ensure MSB is 1
SPI.transfer(REG_SROM_Load_Burst | 0x80);
delayMicroseconds(50);
// send all bytes of the firmware
unsigned char c;
for(int i = 0; i < firmware_length; i++){
c = (unsigned char)pgm_read_byte(firmware_data + i);
SPI.transfer(c);
delayMicroseconds(15);
}
adns_com_end();
}
void adns_frame_capture(){
//Send signal to start datacollection frame capture
Serial.print("Frame capture");
Serial.println(parseChar);
// reset the chip
adns_write_reg(REG_Power_Up_Reset, 0x5a); // force reset
delay(50); // wait for it to reboot
delay(10);
//Write bytes to Frame_Capture
adns_write_reg(REG_Frame_Capture, 0x93);
adns_write_reg(REG_Frame_Capture, 0xc5);
// wait for more than two frame periods
delay(25); // assume that the frame rate is as low as 100fps... even if it should never be that low
//Check for the first pixel bij reading bit zero of Motion register
//If it is 1, first pixel available
byte motion = adns_read_reg(REG_Motion);
adns_com_begin();
delayMicroseconds(120);//delay t-SRAD = 100 us
byte pixel_burst;
if (motion == 0x21){
//Reading pixel values from ADNS and storing them in Array
for(int i = 0; i < 900; i++){
pixel_burst = adns_read_reg(REG_Pixel_Burst);
//Serial.print(i);
//Serial.print(":");
Serial.print(String(pixel_burst));
Serial.println(parseChar);
delayMicroseconds(15);
}
//Finished transmitting data
Serial.print("Data transfer finished");
Serial.println(parseChar);
//Transfer surface quality value
Serial.print("SQUAL");
Serial.print(String(adns_read_reg(REG_SQUAL)));
Serial.println(parseChar);
}else {
Serial.print("Frame capture failed");
Serial.println(parseChar);
}
adns_com_end();
//Hardware reset and firmware restore required to return navigation
performStartup();
}
void dispRegisters(void){
int oreg[7] = {
0x00,0x3F,0x2A,0x02 };
char* oregname[] = {
"Product_ID","Inverse_Product_ID","SROM_Version","Motion" };
byte regres;
digitalWrite(ncs,LOW);
int rctr=0;
for(rctr=0; rctr<4; rctr++){
SPI.transfer(oreg[rctr]);
delay(1);
//Serial.println("---");
//Serial.println(oregname[rctr]);
//Serial.println(oreg[rctr],HEX);
regres = SPI.transfer(0);
//Serial.println(regres,BIN);
//Serial.println(regres,HEX);
delay(1);
}
digitalWrite(ncs,HIGH);
}
/*********************************************************
DO NOT EDIT ABOVE; NECESSARY FOR RUNNING ADNS9800
*********************************************************/
String data = String();
//Process variables
int run = 0;
int t = 0;
unsigned long t_ms, t_us;
int dt = 0;//1/f = [ms]
long int t_run = 0;//[ms]
unsigned long ms_start, us_start;
void loop() {
if (dt == -1 || t_run == -1){
Serial.print("Time constant error");
Serial.println(parseChar);
}else if (run == 1 && t<t_run){
measure();
Serial.print(data);
Serial.println("");
Serial.println(parseChar);
}else if(run == 1 && t>=t_run){
//Measurement finished
Serial.print("Measurement finished");
Serial.println(parseChar);
digitalWrite(linearActPin, LOW);
run = 0;
t = 0;
}
}
void serialEvent(){
String data_rx;
if (Serial.available() > 0){
//Parse serial data until '.'
data_rx = Serial.readStringUntil('.');
//Remove '.' from buffer
data_rx = data_rx.substring(0, data_rx.length());
//Serial.print(data_rx);
if (data_rx.equals("Run")){
run = 1;
ms_start = millis();
us_start = micros();
digitalWrite(linearActPin, HIGH);
//Read registers and discard data
byte XDataL = adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_X_L);
byte XDataH = adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_X_H);
byte YDataL = adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_Y_L);
byte YDataH = adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_Y_H);
}else if(data_rx.equals("Frame capture run")){
adns_frame_capture();
}else if(data_rx.equals("SQUAL")){
Serial.println(String(adns_read_reg(REG_SQUAL)));
}else if(data_rx.startsWith("dt")){
dt = data_rx.substring(2,data_rx.length()).toInt();
}else if(data_rx.startsWith("trun")){
t_run = data_rx.substring(4,data_rx.length()).toInt();
}
}
}
void measure(void){
/*READ dx, dy, ls
increment t with dt
return String "t,dx,dy,ls"*/
//Read optic flow from ADNS
byte XDataL = adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_X_L);
byte XDataH = adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_X_H);
byte YDataL = adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_Y_L);
byte YDataH = adns_read_reg(REG_Delta_Y_H);
int ls;
unsigned long us, ms;
xdat = int(XDataH<<8);
ydat = int(YDataH<<8);
xdat |=int(XDataL);
ydat |=int(YDataL);
//int between 0-1023, with 5V/1024 = 0.0049 V/unit
ls = analogRead(lsPin);
//Calculate time elapsed between measurements
ms = millis();
us = micros();
t_ms = ms-ms_start;
t_us = us-us_start;
t = t_ms;
//Convert datatypes to string objects and combine
//us can always be divided by 4, so accurate to a resolution of 4 us
String d1 = String(t_ms);
String d2 = String(t_us);
String d3 = String(xdat);
String d4 = String(ydat);
String d5 = String(ls);
data = d2+","+d3+","+d4+","+d5;
//Increment time
delay(dt);
}
Processing code
/* BEP experiment
Communicates with arduino to conduct experiment
Receives and stores data
/
/ DATA PROTOCOL
data_rx
R start measuring
S do screendump
D device is ready
F measurement finished
/
import processing.serial.;
import controlP5.*;
//Serial COMM
Serial arduino;
String data_rx, data_tx;
String parseChar = ".";
//GUI
ControlP5 cp5;
Textfield txtfldDistance, txtfldSpeed, txtfldTs, txtfldN,
txtfldFl, txtfldBron, txtfldPattern, txtfldTrun;
Button btnRun, btnStop, btnFrame;
//File I/O
PrintWriter writer;
String path;
//Runtime variables
int run = 0;
int createWriter = 0;
int frameCapture = 0;
int frameDisplay = 0;
//Time management
String timestamp;
int ms, ms_start;
final int frameX = 30;
final int frameY = 30;
void setup() {
frameRate(60);
time();
//Create GUI
textSize(20);
size(360,660);
//Create textboxes
cp5 = new ControlP5(this);
txtfldDistance = cp5.addTextfield("Distance[m]:")
.setPosition(30, 30)
.setSize(70, 30)
.setAutoClear(false)
.setText("0.5");
txtfldSpeed = cp5.addTextfield("Speed[rev/s]:")
.setPosition(30, 90)
.setSize(70, 30)
.setAutoClear(false);
txtfldTs = cp5.addTextfield("t_s[ms]")
.setPosition(30, 150)
.setSize(70, 30)
.setAutoClear(false)
.setText("10");
txtfldTrun = cp5.addTextfield("t_run[s]")
.setPosition(30, 210)
.setSize(70, 30)
.setAutoClear(false);
txtfldFl = cp5.addTextfield("f[mm]")
.setPosition(130, 30)
.setSize(70, 30)
.setAutoClear(false)
.setText("14");
txtfldBron = cp5.addTextfield("Bron[Watt]")
.setPosition(130, 90)
.setSize(70, 30)
.setAutoClear(false)
.setText("40");
txtfldPattern = cp5.addTextfield("Pattern[mm]")
.setPosition(130, 150)
.setSize(70, 30)
.setAutoClear(false)
.setText("random");
txtfldN = cp5.addTextfield("n")
.setPosition(130, 210)
.setSize(70, 30)
.setAutoClear(false)
.setText("1");
btnRun = cp5.addButton("Run")
.setPosition(230, 270)
.setSize(50,30)
.lock();
btnStop = cp5.addButton("Stop")
.setPosition(150, 270)
.setSize(50,30)
.lock();
btnFrame = cp5.addButton("Frame_Capture")
.setPosition(30, 270)
.setSize(90,30)
.lock();
//Create Serial COMM object
print(timestamp+"SERIAL PORT: ");
println(Serial.list());
// List all the available serial ports:
//arduino = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[2], 115200);
arduino = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 115200);
arduino.clear();
arduino.bufferUntil('.');
}
void draw() {
time();
Frame_Capture();
display_frame();
if (frameDisplay == 1){
display_frame();
frameDisplay = 0;
println(timestamp+"---------------------");
}
}
int n = 0;
int[] frame_capture_data = new int[900];
void serialEvent(Serial arduino){
if (arduino.available() > 0){
//Parse serial data until '.'
data_rx = arduino.readStringUntil('.');
//Remove CR, LF and '.' from buffer
data_rx = data_rx.substring(2, data_rx.length()-1);
//print(n+":");
//println(data_rx);
if(data_rx.equals("Data transfer finished")){
println(timestamp+"Data transfer finished.");
println(timestamp+"Generating visual.");
frameCapture = 0;
frameDisplay = 1;
n = 0;
//unlock textfields
txtfldSpeed.unlock();
txtfldDistance.unlock();
txtfldTs.unlock();
txtfldBron.unlock();
txtfldPattern.unlock();
txtfldFl.unlock();
txtfldN.unlock();
btnRun.unlock();
btnStop.unlock();
btnFrame.unlock();
}else if(data_rx.equals("Ready")){
println(timestamp+"Device is ready.");
println(timestamp+"---------------------");
//unlock textfields
btnRun.unlock();
btnStop.unlock();
btnFrame.unlock();
}else if(data_rx.equals("Initialized")){
println(timestamp+"Device is initialized.");
}else if(data_rx.equals("Measurement finished")){
println(timestamp+"Measurement completed.");
Stop();
}else if(data_rx.equals("Frame capture")){
println(timestamp+"Frame capture transfer started.");
frameCapture = 1;
}else if(data_rx.equals("Frame capture failed")){
println(timestamp+"Frame capture failed. Try again.");
println(timestamp+"---------------------");
//unlock textfields
txtfldSpeed.unlock();
txtfldDistance.unlock();
txtfldTs.unlock();
txtfldBron.unlock();
txtfldPattern.unlock();
txtfldFl.unlock();
txtfldN.unlock();
btnRun.unlock();
btnStop.unlock();
btnFrame.unlock();
}else if(data_rx.contains("SQUAL")){
print(timestamp+"SQUAL: ");
println(data_rx.substring(5,data_rx.length()));
}else if(data_rx.equals("Time constant error")){
print(timestamp+"TIME CONSTANT ERROR");
}else if(frameCapture == 1 && n < 900){
frame_capture_data[n] = int(data_rx);
n++;
}else if(run == 1){
//print(data_rx);
writer.print(data_rx);
}
}
}
public void Run() {
/* When RUN is pressed program starts to run */
//Read value to determine path
float speed = float(txtfldSpeed.getText());
float distance = float(txtfldDistance.getText());
int t_s = int(txtfldTs.getText());
int bron = int(txtfldBron.getText());
int fl = int(txtfldFl.getText());
String pattern = txtfldPattern.getText();
String date = day()+"-"+month();
int n = int(txtfldN.getText());
// Create CSV data file, showing the results from experiment
if (speed > 0 && distance > 0){
if (createWriter == 0){
//Creating objects for writing to file
path = "data/"+date+"/x="+distance+"/"+"x="+distance+"_v="+speed+
"_ts="+t_s+"_f="+fl+"_bron="+bron+"_pat="+pattern+"_n="+n+".csv";
writer = createWriter(path);
//Runtime variables
createWriter = 1;
run = 1;
ms_start = millis();
//Transmit t_s en t_run
arduino.write("dt"+txtfldTs.getText());
arduino.write(parseChar);
arduino.write("trun"+int(txtfldTrun.getText())*1000);
arduino.write(parseChar);
//Transmit starting char to arduino
arduino.write("Run");
arduino.write(parseChar);
//Header
//writer.println("t_ard_ms,t_ard_us,dx,dy,ls");
//lock textfields
txtfldSpeed.lock();
txtfldDistance.lock();
txtfldTs.lock();
txtfldBron.lock();
txtfldPattern.lock();
txtfldFl.lock();
txtfldN.lock();
btnRun.lock();
btnStop.lock();
btnFrame.lock();
println(timestamp+"PROGRAM INITIATED");
println(timestamp+"File stored at: "+path);
}
//ERROR messages
} else if (speed <= 0 && distance <= 0){
println(timestamp+"ERROR: INVALID SPEED AND DISTANCE");
} else if (speed <= 0){
println(timestamp+"ERROR: INVALID SPEED");
} else if (distance <= 0){
println(timestamp+"ERROR: INVALID DISTANCE ");
} else if(txtfldSpeed.getText().equals("")){
println(timestamp+"ERROR: Enter paramaters.");
}
}
public void Stop() {
/* When STOP is pressed program terminates and writes to file */
if (createWriter == 1){
//Write to file and close stream
writer.flush();
writer.close();
//Runtime variables
run = 0;
createWriter = 0;
//unlock textfields
txtfldSpeed.unlock();
txtfldDistance.unlock();
txtfldTs.unlock();
txtfldBron.unlock();
txtfldPattern.unlock();
txtfldFl.unlock();
txtfldN.unlock();
btnRun.unlock();
btnStop.unlock();
btnFrame.unlock();
txtfldN.setText(str(int(txtfldN.getText())+1));
if (int(txtfldN.getText()) > 5){
txtfldN.setText("1");
txtfldSpeed.clear();
}
println(timestamp+"Data written to file.");
println(timestamp+"---------------------");
}
}
public void Frame_Capture() {
arduino.write("Frame capture run");
arduino.write(parseChar);
//lock textfields
txtfldSpeed.lock();
txtfldDistance.lock();
txtfldTs.lock();
txtfldBron.lock();
txtfldPattern.lock();
txtfldFl.lock();
txtfldN.lock();
btnRun.lock();
btnStop.lock();
btnFrame.lock();
}
void display_frame(){
int[] frame1 = new int[225];
int[] frame2 = new int[255];
int x = 30;
int y = 320;
//resolutie 10x10
int s = 10; // size of pixel, i.e. side lengths
//Max res is 30x30
int sz = 10;
int res = 30;
for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++){
for (int m = 0; m < 15; m++){
frame1[15*i+m] = frame_capture_data[30*i+m];
frame2[15*i+m] = frame_capture_data[30*i+m+15];
}
}
//for (int i = 0; i < res*res; i++){
//Commented by Daan:
//for (int j = 0; j < res; j++){ // j resembles the column index.
// for (int k = 0; k < res; k++){ // k resembles the row index
// //fill(map(frame_capture_data[30*j+k],0,63,0,255));
// //frame_capture_data[30*j+k] = 300; // test to see how the pixel values can be manipulated
// fill(float(frame_capture_data[30*j+k]));
// rect(x+j*10, y+300-k*10, s, s);
// //println(frame_capture_data[30*j+k]);
// }
//}
for( int i = 0; i < 900; i++ )
{
fill( map(frame_capture_data[i], 0, 63, 0, 255) ); // Convert from ADNS greyscale to 0 - 255 grey scale format.
rect(x + (i / frameX * sz), // Each rect() is a rectangle that represents a pixel. I.e. width and height of each pixel is "sz".
y +300 - (i % frameY * sz),
sz, sz);
// //rect(off_x + (i % frameX * sz), // Each rect() is a rectangle that represents a pixel. I.e. width and height of each pixel is "sz".
// //off_y + (i / frameY * sz),
// //sz, sz);
}
fill(255,0,0);
rect(x+3*10, y+300-8*10, s, s); // this is red test dot, j = 3 (column), k = 8 (row).
// I.e. this is the 30*3 + 8 = 98 th pixel in frame stream from sensor.
}
public void time(){
/* Keeps track of time
Creates timestamp for messages*/
String h = str(hour());
String m = str(minute());
String s = str(second());
if (int(h) < 10){
h = "0"+h;
} else if(int(m) < 10){
m = "0"+m;
} else if(int(s) < 10){
s = "0"+s;
}
timestamp = "["+h+":"+m+":"+s+"] ";
}

Update UDP checksum in fragmented packets

I'm building a network appliance. I need to support NAT and IP packet fragmentation. When I change the source or destination address of a UDP packet, I have to correct the UDP checksum (and the IP checksum too, but that's trivial). When the packet is fragmented, I'd have to collect all the fragments to recalculate the checksum. I know the old address and the new address. I'd like to:
Un-negate the checksum
Subtract the old address
Add the new address
Re-reduce the sum and negate
This process doesn't always work. Is there any way to update the checksum versus having to recalculate it from scratch?
I've tried:
long CalcCheckSumAdd(unsigned char *pbHeader, int iSize, long lInitial){
long lSum = lInitial;
while (iSize > 1){
lSum += *((unsigned short*)pbHeader);
pbHeader += 2;
iSize -= 2;
}
if (iSize > 0) lSum += *pbHeader;
return lSum;
}
long CalcCheckSumSubract(unsigned char *pbHeader, int iSize, long lInitial){
long lSum = lInitial;
while (iSize > 1){
lSum -= *((unsigned short*)pbHeader);
pbHeader += 2;
iSize -= 2;
}
if (iSize > 0) lSum -= *pbHeader;
return lSum;
}
unsigned short CalcCheckSumFinish(long lSum){
while (lSum >> 16){
lSum = (lSum & 0xFFFF) + (lSum >> 16);
}
return (unsigned short)(~lSum);
}
long CalcCheckSumUnfinish(unsigned short usSum){
// Can't totally undo lossy finish logic
return ~usSum;
}
unsigned short CalcCheckSumUpdateAddress(unsigned short usOldSum, unsigned long ulOldAddress, unsigned long ulNewAddress){
long lSumFixed = CalcCheckSumUnfinish(usOldSum);
lSumFixed = CalcCheckSumSubract((unsigned char*)&ulOldAddress,sizeof(ulOldAddress),lSumFixed);
lSumFixed = CalcCheckSumAdd((unsigned char*)&ulNewAddress,sizeof(ulNewAddress),lSumFixed);
return CalcCheckSumFinish(lSumFixed);
}
Thanks!
EDIT: Added unit test code below
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
long CalcCheckSumAdd(unsigned char *pbHeader, int iSize, long lInitial){
long lSum = lInitial;
while (iSize > 1){
lSum += *((unsigned short*)pbHeader);
pbHeader += 2;
iSize -= 2;
}
if (iSize > 0) lSum += *pbHeader;
return lSum;
}
unsigned short CalcCheckSumFinish(long lSum){
while (lSum >> 16){
lSum = (lSum & 0xFFFF) + (lSum >> 16);
}
return (unsigned short)(~lSum);
}
void Randomize(unsigned char *pucPacket, unsigned long ulSize){
for (unsigned long ulByte = 0; ulByte < ulSize; ulByte++){
pucPacket[ulByte] = (unsigned char)(255 * rand() / RAND_MAX);
}
}
unsigned short Calc(unsigned char *pucPacket, unsigned long ulSize){
long lSum = CalcCheckSumAdd(pucPacket,ulSize,0);
return CalcCheckSumFinish(lSum);
}
unsigned short Fix(unsigned short usOrig, unsigned int uiOld, unsigned int uiNew){
// TODO: Replace this with something that makes main never fail
usOrig -= uiOld & 0xffff;
usOrig -= uiOld >> 16 & 0xffff;
usOrig += uiNew & 0xffff;
usOrig += uiNew >>16 & 0xffff;
return usOrig;
}
void Break(unsigned char *pucPacket, unsigned int *puiOld, unsigned int *puiNew){
unsigned int *puiChange = (unsigned int*)pucPacket;
*puiOld = *puiChange;
Randomize((unsigned char*)puiNew,sizeof(unsigned int));
*puiChange = *puiNew;
}
void PrintBuffer(const char *szName, unsigned char *pucBuff, unsigned int uiSize){
printf("%s: ",szName);
for (unsigned int uiByte = 0; uiByte < uiSize; uiByte++){
printf("%02X",(unsigned int)pucBuff[uiByte]);
}
printf("\n");
}
void PrintTestCase(unsigned char *pucOrig, unsigned char *pucChanged, unsigned int uiSize, unsigned short usOrig, unsigned short usChanged, unsigned short usFixed){
PrintBuffer("Original Buffer",pucOrig,uiSize);
PrintBuffer("Changed Buffer ",pucChanged,uiSize);
printf("Orig checksum: %04X\n",(unsigned int)usOrig);
printf("Changed checksum: %04X\n",(unsigned int)usChanged);
printf("Fixed checksum: %04X\n",(unsigned int)usFixed);
}
int main(){
srand((unsigned int)time(nullptr));
unsigned char pucDataOrig[100];
unsigned char pucDataChanged[100];
bool bTestFailed = false;
while (!bTestFailed){
Randomize(pucDataOrig,sizeof(pucDataOrig));
memcpy(pucDataChanged,pucDataOrig,sizeof(pucDataOrig));
unsigned short usOrig = Calc(pucDataOrig,sizeof(pucDataOrig));
unsigned int uiOld = 0,
uiNew = 0;
Break(pucDataChanged,&uiOld,&uiNew);
unsigned short usFixed = Fix(usOrig,uiOld,uiNew);
unsigned short usChanged = Calc(pucDataChanged,sizeof(pucDataChanged));
if (usChanged == usFixed){
printf(".");
}else{
printf("\nTest case failed\n");
PrintTestCase(pucDataOrig,pucDataChanged,sizeof(pucDataOrig),usOrig,usChanged,usFixed);
bTestFailed = true;
}
}
return 0;
}
You are right, the solution above works only on some cases, but I have a new implem that works for all kind of packet (fragmented or not, UDP, TCP, IP). Here is the implem:
/* incremental checksum update */
static inline void
cksum_update(uint16_t *csum, uint32_t from, uint32_t to)
{
uint32_t sum, csum_c, from_c, res, res2, ret, ret2;
csum_c = ~((uint32_t)*csum);
from_c = ~from;
res = csum_c + from_c;
ret = res + (res < from_c);
res2 = ret + to;
ret2 = res2 + (res2 < to);
sum = ret2;
sum = (sum & 0xffff) + (sum >> 16);
sum = (sum & 0xffff) + (sum >> 16);
*csum = (uint16_t)~sum;
}
You can now use this function when you translated you packet address and before sending:
/* Update L4 checksums on all packet a part from [2nd, n] fragment */
switch (IS_FRAG(ipv4_hdr) ? 0 : ipv4_hdr->next_proto_id) {
case IPPROTO_TCP:
{
struct tcp_hdr *tcp_hdr = tcp_header(pkt);
/* Compute TCP checksum using incremental update */
cksum_update(&tcp_hdr->cksum, old_ip_addr, *address);
break;
}
case IPPROTO_UDPLITE:
case IPPROTO_UDP:
{
struct udp_hdr *udp_hdr = udp_header(pkt);
/* Compute UDP checksum using incremental update */
cksum_update(&udp_hdr->dgram_cksum, old_ip_addr, *address);
break;
}
default:
break;
}
You have to substract the old ip address and add the new one on the udp checksum, here is the pseudo code:
udp_hdr->dgram_cksum -= old_ipv4_addr & 0xffff;
udp_hdr->dgram_cksum -= old_ipv4_addr >> 16 & 0xffff;
udp_hdr->dgram_cksum += new_ipv4_addr & 0xffff;
udp_hdr->dgram_cksum += new_ipv4_addr >>16 & 0xffff;
That should handle UDP checksum on IP fragments.

Find source address from multicast message in esp8266?

I'm using non-OS SDK v2.0 for esp8266.
I join a multicast group.
I then receive a message (that was sent to multicast).
I want to respond to the sender, but in struct espconn, udp.remote_ip is the address of the multicast group, not sender.
How do I get the ip address of the sender?
Edit:
Receive function has an void* arg argument that is casted to struct espconn.
The old method doesn't do the job anymore, but I found a way to find remote ip and port.
New code:
struct espconn* udp_ch;
remot_info *premot = NULL;
udp_ch = arg;
if (espconn_get_connection_info(udp_ch,&premot,0) == ESPCONN_OK){
os_printf("%d.%d.%d.%d:%d\n", premot->remote_ip[0], premot->remote_ip[1], premot->remote_ip[2], premot->remote_ip[3], premot->remote_port);
}
else{
os_printf("Get info fail\n");
}
This is exactly what I was searching for before. For now, as far as I can see, it works well.
OLD:
I found a way to find the ip, but I don't think it should be done this way. Until I find better, I will use this.
The first thing I did was print first 256 hex values, from void* arg.
I noticed that my address was occurring before a bunch of zeros.
On unicast, the starting position of 0s was 128.
I'm currently using this function:
uint32_t udp_get_addr(void* arg){
uint32_t adr = 0;
uint16_t pos;
uint8_t* data = (uint8_t*) arg;
//unicast?
for(pos = 128; pos<144; pos++){
if(data[pos] != 0){
adr = 1;
break;
}
}
//multicast
if(adr == 1)
pos = 172;
else
pos = 124;
adr = data[pos]<<24 | data[pos+1]<<16 | data[pos+2]<<8 | data[pos+3];
return adr;
}
I know this method is bad, and there is a number of things that can be changed for the better, but for now, this will do.
Edit2:
I needed the source port also. It is located 4 bytes before address. New functions that I currently use:
#define SRC_ADDR_U 120
#define SRC_ADDR_M 168
uint32_t udp_src_addr(void* arg, uint8_t isMulticast){
uint32_t res;
uint8_t* tmp = (uint8_t*) arg;
uint16_t pos;
if(isMulticast) pos = SRC_ADDR_M+4;
else pos = SRC_ADDR_U+4;
res = (tmp[pos+3] << 24) | (tmp[pos+2] << 16) | (tmp[pos+1] << 8) | tmp[pos];
return res;
}
uint16_t udp_src_port(void* arg, uint8_t isMulticast){
uint32_t res;
uint8_t* tmp = (uint8_t*) arg;
uint16_t pos;
if(isMulticast) pos = SRC_ADDR_M;
else pos = SRC_ADDR_U;
res = (tmp[pos+1] << 8) | tmp[pos];
return res;
}

OpenCL: Expected identifier in kernel

I am running the following kernel on windows 7, 64 bit, with Intel CPU and HD graphics.
I get very strange error reporting by clGetProgramBuildInfo for the following code:
#define BLOCK_SIZE 256
__kernel void reduce4(__global uint* input, __global uint* output, __local uint* sdata)
{
unsigned int tid = get_local_id(0);
unsigned int bid = get_group_id(0);
unsigned int gid = get_global_id(0);
unsigned int blockSize = get_local_size(0);
unsigned int index = bid*(BLOCK_SIZE*2) + tid;
sdata[tid] = input[index] + input[index+BLOCK_SIZE];
barrier(CLK_LOCAL_MEM_FENCE);
for(unsigned int s = BLOCK_SIZE/2; s > 64 ; s >>= 1) {
// Unrolling the last wavefront and we cut 7 iterations of this
// for-loop while we practice wavefront-programming
if(tid < s)
{
sdata[tid] += sdata[tid + s];
}
barrier(CLK_LOCAL_MEM_FENCE);
}
if (tid < 64) {
if (blockSize >= 128) sdata[tid] += sdata[tid + 64];
if (blockSize >= 64) sdata[tid] += sdata[tid + 32];
if (blockSize >= 32) sdata[tid] += sdata[tid + 16];
if (blockSize >= 16) sdata[tid] += sdata[tid + 8];
if (blockSize >= 8) sdata[tid] += sdata[tid + 4];
if (blockSize >= 4) sdata[tid] += sdata[tid + 2];
if (blockSize >= 2) sdata[tid] += sdata[tid + 1];
}
// write result for this block to global mem
if(tid == 0)
{
output[bid] = sdata[0];
}
}
It always says:
Compilation started
:38:2: error: expected identifier or '('
Compilation failed
this is for the last line, where I have put }. What is wrong here?
Update:
This is how I am reading the kernel file:
int offset = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < numOfDevices; ++i, ++offset ) {
/* Load the two source files into temporary datastores */
const char *file_names[] = {"SimpleOptimizations.cl"};
const int NUMBER_OF_FILES = 1;
char* buffer[NUMBER_OF_FILES];
size_t sizes[NUMBER_OF_FILES];
loadProgramSource(file_names, NUMBER_OF_FILES, buffer, sizes);
/* Create the OpenCL program object */
program = clCreateProgramWithSource(context, NUMBER_OF_FILES, (const char**)buffer, sizes, &error);
if(error != CL_SUCCESS) {
perror("Can't create the OpenCL program object");
exit(1);
}
Definition of loadProgramSource
void loadProgramSource(const char** files,
size_t length,
char** buffer,
size_t* sizes) {
/* Read each source file (*.cl) and store the contents into a temporary datastore */
for(size_t i=0; i < length; i++) {
FILE* file = fopen(files[i], "r");
if(file == NULL) {
perror("Couldn't read the program file");
exit(1);
}
fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
sizes[i] = ftell(file);
rewind(file); // reset the file pointer so that 'fread' reads from the front
buffer[i] = (char*)malloc(sizes[i]+1);
buffer[i][sizes[i]] = '\0';
fread(buffer[i], sizeof(char), sizes[i], file);
fclose(file);
}
}
I believe this is an issue with the way the Windows deals with text files opened with fopen(). If you take a look at the MSDN page for fopen(), it indicates that if you open a file with just "r" as the mode string, some translations will happen with regards to line-endings. This means that the size of the file you query may not match the amount of data read by fread().
To solve this, simply change the mode string to indicate that you wish to read the file as binary data (i.e. without any pesky translations):
FILE* file = fopen(files[i], "rb");

Why does serial communication only work in one direction (chip->PC) with my code?

I am writing code for an Arduino Mega 2560 in C and I am trying to do bidirectional communication over the serial port. However, only sending data from the Arduino to the PC works - the other way doesn't. The RX LED on the arduino shortly lights up, but my code doesn't receive the data (the LED connected to "pin 13" doesn't light up). Does anyone know how to fix this?
Here's the code that's running on the arduino:
#define USART_BAUDRATE 500000
#define BAUD_PRESCALE (((F_CPU / (USART_BAUDRATE * 16UL))) - 1)
static void serial_init(void) {
// load upper 8 bits of the baud rate into the high byte of the UBRR register
UBRR0H = (BAUD_PRESCALE >> 8);
// load lower 8 bits of the baud rate into the low byte of the UBRR register
UBRR0L = BAUD_PRESCALE;
// 8data,1stopbit
UCSR0C = (0 << UMSEL00) | (1 << UCSZ00) | (1 << UCSZ01);
// turn on the transmission and reception circuitry
UCSR0B = (1 << RXEN0) | (1 << TXEN0) | (0 << UCSZ02);
}
static void sendbyte(uint8_t b) {
// do nothing until UDR is ready for more data to be written to it
while ((UCSR0A & (1 << UDRE0)) == 0) {};
// memory was cleared - write to it
UDR0 = b;
}
static void digi_init() {
// configure port B7 (arduino digital port 13) as output and set it low
PORTB = (0<<PB7);
DDRB = (1<<DDB7);
}
static void digi_set(int val) {
PORTB = (val<<PB7);
}
int main(void) {
serial_init();
digi_init();
while (1) {
if ((UCSR0A & (1 << RXC0)) == 1) {
// we got some data, light up the LED!
digi_set(1);
}
_delay_ms(50);
sendbyte('.');
}
}
And here's the code that's running on the PC:
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
char *serialdevicepath = "/dev/ttyACM0";
fprintf(stderr, "Connecting to serial device ...\n");
int serial_fd = open(serialdevicepath, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY);
struct termios config;
if(tcgetattr(serial_fd, &config) < 0) exit(1);
config.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | ICRNL | INLCR | PARMRK | INPCK | ISTRIP | IXON);
config.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ECHONL | ICANON | IEXTEN | ISIG);
config.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE | PARENB);
config.c_cflag |= CS8;
config.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
config.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
if(cfsetispeed(&config, B500000) < 0 || cfsetospeed(&config, B500000) < 0) exit(1);
if(tcsetattr(serial_fd, TCSAFLUSH, &config) < 0) exit(1);
FILE *serial = fdopen(serial_fd, "r");
setbuf(stdin, NULL);
fcntl(0/*stdin*/, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
setbuf(stdout, NULL);
setbuf(stderr, NULL);
setbuf(serial, NULL);
while (1) {
char c;
while (read(0, &c, 1) == 1) {
if (c != '+' && c != '-') continue;
uint8_t val = (c == '+') ? 42 : 41;
if (write(serial_fd, &val, 1) != 1) {
assert(0);
}
}
char b = fgetc(serial))&0xe0);
fprintf(stderr, "read 0x%x\n", b);
}
return 0;
}
(And yes, I am typing <+> on the PC so that it does send data. Also, I tried turning on the LED from the code directly and it worked.)
if ((UCSR0A & (1 << RXC0)) == 1)
That test is wrong, it will never be 1. The & operator here will produce either 0 or (1 << RXC0). Favor it this way instead:
if ((UCSR0A & (1 << RXC0)) != 0)
Or in C you'd typically write it this way since any non-zero value is logically true:
if (UCSR0A & (1 << RXC0))

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