I've just created a feature for our application which generates a powerpoint report from the data a given user has in our system.
In short, the server spawns an instance of google chrome using Selenium's ChromeDriver, and from there scrapes out the charts from our application running in chrome. It was done this way to ensure the charts in the report look exactly the same as they appear in the clients' browsers.
We use Azure Web Apps to host our development and production environments, and while my reporting feature works fine in local environments, it doesn't work once deployed to any other environments, because it depends on chrome being installed, and I can't get it installed in the Azure Web App sandboxed environment.
(you can see this other question of mine for a bit of a reference to where things are going wrong: PowerShell StartProcess: invalid handle )
SO
What I pretty much want to know is, if an Azure Web App environment isn't going to allow me to install google chrome, where should I look next?
It looks like using Service Fabric may allow me to install what I need appropriately (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/choose-web-site-cloud-service-vm), but it seems like a big change to make just to be able to facilitate this small part of the feature.
Another option is to just re-architect the feature so it doesn't depend on the server spawning an instance of google chrome.. but I'd just prefer to avoid that if there's a straightforward way for me to get what I have working.
Ideally, there'd just be a way to get google chrome installed in the given environment, but I've spent a good 10 hours trying to get that to happen now, and it's not looking promising.
There's a couple of solutions which would work - depending on your code and framework dependencies.
IMO - the simplest way would be to build your code in a docker container (that runs the Selenium ChromeDriver) and deploy it either through the container features on Web Apps or run it on demand through ACI (Azure container instances) and have it create the report and drop it in Azure Storage. In a container you have a lot more options - and you have a great amount of options on how to run it. Spinning up an ACI on-demand to do the job can be done in multiple ways (e.g. from Code or through logic-apps or Powershell/Azure automation).
Here are some links on running containers in your App Service:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/containers/
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/containers/tutorial-custom-docker-image
You could start off by building and adding your code from this image: https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/docker-selenium
Other alternatives of course - you could have a VM that you can install and do what you want with on-demand - however - it'd add more management overhead and other implications to think about.
Many options - but in the regual Web App Sandbox - you're limited.
I have found myself this problem with chromedriver.exe needing a real Chrome. As I cannot install Chrome in Azure App Service I am trying a portable version of Chrome. When using the chrome webdriver I tell it where to find the chrome binary.
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArguments("headless"); // any options you need
options.BinaryLocation = "YOUR CHROME BINARY PATH HERE";
var driver = new ChromeDriver("YOUR CHROME DRIVER PATH HERE", options);
You should be able to copy the chrome portable files as no installation is required. Although it is heavy, 250 MB, because it includes the non portable version inside.
Be sure to use a Chrome version compatible with your ChromeDriver as pointed in the documentation
I'm writing tests using webdriver in Java.
Is there a way to run browsers (ff / ie) in headless mode in a windows box?
I cant use a linux box and HtmlUnitDriver is not helping as our webapp has many ajax controls.
I have started a small project to supply a driver for WebDriver using SimpleBrowser. You may want to check it out: https://github.com/Teun/SimpleBrowser.WebDriver
It's still early days though. I would appreciate help in the form of contributions and testing.
At this point there is no headless version that I am aware of the Firefox or IE. Since Firefox is open source it's possible that you could get the source code for that browser and then remove the UI portion but there are a few problems with it that I can see. First you have to build a custom app to setup your own load testing engine. Second you are locked to one web render, though I think chrome is open source as well but it doesn't play as nicely as Firefox or IE (using the system .dlls vs. a custom executable). Third without a lot of testing I am sure there will be stability issues and potentially other unforseen issues with this option. That being said there is a .net headless browser that's fairly simple and would probably be decent for load testing called simple browser. However it depends on what you are wanting to load. If you just looking for bandwidth and server load then you should be find using multiple instances of the browser. I would be curious to know if using the headless browser in this fashion if you instantiated different WebDriver if it would play nicely. i.e.
WebDriver driver1 = new SimpleBrowser();
WebDriver driver2 = new SimpleBrowser();
.
.
.
.
.
WebDriver driver[n] = new SimpleBrowser();
and then you could run [n] parallel tests. Also of note in the above code SimpleBrowser() doesn't hook directly to the WebDriver interface you would have to Extend the interface to reference that .dll
Start the test program as a Windows service and the browsers will run just fine, even on a machine with no monitors. Technically speaking, they're running in a "session" that is disconnected, but it's essentially what you mean by "headless".
HtmlUnitDriver does support ajax, and can run in both java and c# (if ported via IKVM).
There is, however, no way to run IE and FF in headless mode. I can't tell you how many times I've wished for that...
I'm new to web development so please, could you help me to understand if I'm working in the right direction?
There will be a webpage intended for our customers (not intranet) from where they can print labels. Some of the larger customers will have special label printers where configuration and printing using COM-port is the only acceptable option. Basically we have very limited knowledge and control over their environment.
The web-page itself will be a pretty simple html-page or more complex AJAX.
After the customer inputs all the data and happens to chose this type of printing we have following tasks:
1) get data about the printers on the customer's system installed to a comport and if possible get printer settings (like paper size and orientation). Ideally would like to be able to adjust the settings, but if it is a pain can just put into requirements that your printer must be installed to COM1 and configured correctly.
2) send commands and read answers and send PCL code to the selected com port
As I understand I'll need to install something on the customer's machine to be able to talk to com port and get any settings. Just HTML+Javascript are not capable of doing that. Right?
I found RXTX library which seems to communicate to com port on most platforms. Can it be called from JavaScript or I still need to do a Java plugin? Are there technologies other than Java plugin that would solve the task?
The web-page will be used in different environment - platforms and web-browsers. We would like to minimize the number of customized solutions. Will Java allow us to do the same plugin for all environments with minimal customization?
If we require the user to install a plugin will the user be prompted with our credentials to confirm the installation? Will our web-site require higher trust settings?
Thanks for you help!
Well, I've had to do this in the past. Here is what I did and the circumstances
1) I knew that our customers were in a windows environment so I wrote win32 software to handle the printing.
2) I created a file format to be read by the win32 software that allowed me to specify print parameters and the label data. XML works ok for things like this.
3) My web app created a file in the format used by the win32 software and returned it to the user when they clicked on the "Print Labels" button. The file extension on the file returned was registered by the installer of the win32 software. That means when their browser looked for a default app handler for that file, it found my win32 software.
Bottom line is that the browser is handing off the printer communications to a native application instead of talking directly to the printer.
Obviously you need to be able to dictate your end user's are using a windows machine (or mac or whatever you can write native code). Associating a file extension with my program and returning that file to the user was the key to making the process work for me.
Whether your native code sends pcl directly to the printer or translates into a print api (like the win32 api as mine does) is another consideration.
Another approach you could consider is instead of sending PCL codes, you could create a PDF of the document. Format the document to the size and orientation of the label printer. The user will still have to hit the print button, but that might work. I have done this for printing to bar code printers and it works fine. Sometimes getting the margin and orientation correct is a little tricky, but that can be figured out.
I'm currently working in web development and my default desktop is Ubuntu and I'm kind of happy with the setup and applications I got going. But I need to test web pages for cross browser compatibility while still being on Ubuntu.
I have gone through hell trying to get IE7 or IE8 (with wine) to run on ubuntu and when they finally worked they were very buggy and the graphics/scrolling was insanely slow.
Of course there is the option of virtual box but again, too much GBytes just to run a small application!
So to all the CSS gurus out there, how can I continue with my beloved Ubuntu and still deliver a good quality (tested) page.
Thank you.
Edit:
Update for freshness:
I now use the paid service from browserstack.com to provide the multitude of different browser testing environments via flash tunnelling. I'm a paid user, but there is an initial free trial period. browserstack has freed me of the need to run the windows os on my machines in any form, virtual image or otherwise. Since it also allows tunnelling, I can host the site on my local machine but still test in browserstack browsers. I consider the monthly fee money very well spent.
End Edit
Various options I have tried, including "the final solution": free downloadable windows testing OSes from microsoft
I've tried a number of the options below, but virtualbox may be your best bet for full & complete testing, especially because in a professional capacity you often have to test ie8, ie7 -and- ie6. Which gets tricky with only a single os installed. So in order of simplest and most shallowly testing to most complex and most fully testing:
browserlab.adobe.com
A newer, interesting online solution is: browserlab.adobe.com. It's actually very specific and fast compared to browsershots. It only gives you screenshots, but it's a great first step. So I do recommend that for purely visual (and thus relatively shallow) testing.
Browsershots.org
And while browsershots.org is also something that you should use for an overview experience of what users might see, you really can't get by without the real browsers for javascript and behavior testing (instead of just display & rendering testing that browsershots provides). The delay before you can see the images is also killer.
Dual booting into windows
Another that I've tried is dual booting, I work 99% of my time in ubuntu, and I have windows installed & available to dual boot into. Not a fast way to test, but if you don't have any other way to access ie, it should work for at least the latest version.
Remote desktop-ing over to a running windows box
Before I mention the "covers-all-the-bases" option, another useful possibility is to set up a windows machine and boot it up and connect to it via remote desktop so that you can work from one machine and test from both.
The final solution, using virtualbox
Finally, the mother of all solutions, using virtualbox:
Luckily (I know you said you didn't like the virtualbox solution, and I know it's an annoying setup process, but...) Microsoft provides available-for-a-year-or-more virtualmachine distros with different versions of ie pre-installed, available without the need for a license for a year or so before you'd have to update the virtualmachine, #
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=21EABB90-958F-4B64-B5F1-73D0A413C8EF&displaylang=en
Installing a virtualmachine from microsoft's freely available browser testing images
Because this guide to setup on ubuntu is no longer available in full anywhere else, just in case you or someone else actually need it I feel compelled to include the actual details of the install process that were suggested to me on the ubuntu forums and worked when I went through them. I apologize for their length. Courtesy of the now anonymous original poster on the ubuntu forums:
Free Access to Microsoft Browser Compatibility Virtual OSes, Install Steps for Ubuntu
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1097080 (Ed: I can't find this thread online any more)
HOWTO: run IE6, IE7, IE8 on Linux in
VirtualBox You need: virtualbox, qemu,
wine
Code: apt-get install virtualbox qemu
wine
Download the free(!) Microsoft
Internet Explorer Application
Compatibility Check VPC Images here:
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=21EABB90-958F-4B64-B5F1-73D0A413C8EF&displaylang=en
(Note: you don't have to download the
full pack, you can cherry pick
specific combinations of XP/Vista and
IE6-8)
Extract the VPC image(s) with wine
(double-click). (Note: it might take a
while before the first window shows
up)
Turn the VPC image(s) into (a) VMWare
image(s) (which is/are readable by
VirtualBox): qemu-img convert -f vpc
image.vhd -O vmdk image.vmdk
Setup a new VM in VirtualBox, using
the vmdk image as an existing disk.
Boot it, you will see the Windows boot
progress bar and ... it will BSOD
shortly after.
Fixing the BSOD:
The BSOD is caused because the virtual
Windows tries to load processor
drivers for the wrong processor (it is
not running on VirtualPC proc, but on
VirtualBox proc). Or something like
that... We need to force Windows not
to attempt to load drivers for the
processor (it doesn't need any proc
drivers, because it's all virtual
anyway). Start safe mode by
(frantically) hitting F8 at Windows
boot and choosing safe mode.
Ignore all the 'New hardware' detected
warnings (we will deal with those
later). Start a command box and run
the following command to disable the
loading of processor drivers:
Code: sc config processor start=
disabled (note the space between '='
and 'disabled'!)
Restart the virtual Windows, it should
now boot all the way to the Windows
Desktop.
Now just when you think you can start
browsing the web with IE, you will
find out that the virtual Windows
needs to install the drivers for the
AMD PCnet NIC, which are located on
the Windows install disk. Fortunately
for those without a Windows install
disk, there is another way :)
Download AMD PCnet drivers here:
http://www.amd.com/us-en/ConnectivitySolutions/ProductInformation/0,,50_2330_6629_2452%5E2454%5E2486,00.html
Make an iso file containing the
drivers. I used Brasero for
simplicity. Choose to create a Data
Project, add the zip file (or the
unzipped files, saves you a step in
Windows), create the iso. No need to
burn an actual cd!
Stop the virtual Windows, edit the
settings in VirtualBox: mount your
brand new iso.
Start the virtual Windows, when it
asks to install the drivers for the
PCnet nick, point it to the (unzipped)
drivers. Et voila! You have teh
innernets! (Now you can also try to
install the other drivers it complains
for, but it's not really necessary)
The image README says the image will expire after about a year. In my experience the system gets hobbled against multi-hour use, but is still usable for the kind of short periods that you might want when booting up to test a website. At worst you might have to go through these steps again, so be sure to put them somewhere where you can find them again after a year or so.
I think setting up a virtual machine (Virtualbox or VMWare or...) with a proper Windows will be your only (local) option.
I you don't have one, buy a used Windows XP license. XP is cheap (around 20-30 euros here in Germany, for example) and all relevant versions of IE run on it. Home edition is enough. No need for Windows 7 or anything.
You could install IETester on that to get all the IE versions on one OS. IETester has flaws and is not always 100% reliable in what it renders, but for a general CSS compatibility check it should be okay.
I've never tried IE using Wine, but even trying to imagine the combination gives me goose bumps :D
If you have a copy of Windows you could install it in a virtual machine (Virtualbox is a good, free option). Or if you don't mind a lot of lag time and publicly exposing your web pages you could use a service like BrowserShots.
I have not tried this on Ubuntu or anything but windows - but this seems to be a pretty good testing system over the web.
http://spoon.net/browsers/
however, I think your best result would be to use a VM if possible.
I have to add my voice to those opting for VirtualBox.
VMs are the only way to get an accurate representation of how IE platforms behave. They also allow you to keep your main Linux install free of WINE and IE gunk, which is otherwise always troublesome and fragile. (Especially if you're trying to run multiple IEs, which is unreliable and inaccurate even under Windows).
They're not necessarily that big, if you take care to prune the unneeded features, turn off swap, compact the disc image and so on. My XPSP3 test image is just over 800MB.
I didn't want to install all this stuff as I wanted to move forward quick.
I found public AWS images with pre installed browser that you just can start and use.
http://www.hens-teeth.net/html/products/cross_browser_testing.php
If you already have an AWS account this will take you only 5 min. Make sure that you enable the RDP port on the incoming traffic in your security group.
As I use ubuntu I was looking for a way to connect from it to MS Win.
I'm connection on to them via remote desktop.
The way to go here is rdesktop, a command line utility for Windows Remote Desktop. (sudo apt-get install rdesktop)
If you feel like a GUI use tsclient. It's very close to the windows version.
From a work flow perspective I develop for Chrome in Ubuntu first, then have a look at the other browsers via browserlab.adobe.com.
After that I start my new AWS instance to debug.
The small AWS Windows instance is a $0.12 per hour (http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/#pricing). I can work for a long time on that before it's worth installing all this stuff.
CrossBrowserTesting.com works from Linux. Allows you to access Mac, Windows, and Ubuntu configurations and all the browsers loaded on them via vinagre vnc client.
I want to place a skype call automatically and I tried different ways:
first I used a api with python which worked for me with an older skype version, after the update it's not working anymore.
then I tried to install a plugin in firefox, set the firefox settings and placed a file in /usr/bin that should call skype number when clicking a skype link. I tried this with calling that skype link with a small script. Not working :(
do you know any other options? I'm using ubuntu 8.10 intrepid
Did you look at the official APIs? There are APIs for COM (not an option on Linux, I guess?) and Java (which you might try).
And there is also an official Skype API for Python. If that's what you used, and it fails with the new Skype version, I suggest you bug the Skype developers about that.