Replacing Values in DataFrame - r

So a quick question jumping off of this one....
Fast replacing values in dataframe in R
If I want to do this replace but only for certain rows of my data frame, is there a way to add a row specification to:
df [df<0] =0
Something like applying this to rows 40-52 (Doesn't work):
df[df[40:52,] < 0] = 0
Any suggestions? Much appreciated.

Or simply:
df[40:52,][df[40:52,] < 0] <- 0
Here is a test:
test = data.frame(A = c(1,2,-1), B = c(4,-8,5), C = c(1,2,3), D = c(7,8,-9))
#> test
# A B C D
#1 1 4 1 7
#2 2 -8 2 8
#3 -1 5 3 -9
To replace the negative values with 0 for only rows 2 and 3, you can do:
test[2:3,][test[2:3,] < 0] <- 0
and you get
#> test
# A B C D
#1 1 4 1 7
#2 2 0 2 8
#3 0 5 3 0

This is another way, utilizing R's recycling behavior.
df[df < 0 & 1:nrow(df) %in% 40:52] <- 0

Related

Create dummy-column based on another columns

Let's say I have this dataset
> example <- data.frame(a = 1:10, b = 10:1, c = 1:5 )
I want to create a new variable d. I want in d the value 1 when at least in of the variables a b c the value 1 2 or 3 is present.
d should look like this:
d <- c(1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1)
Thanks in advance.
You can use rowSums to get a logical vector of 1, 2 or 3 appearing in each row and wrap it in as.integer to convert to 0 and 1, i.e.
as.integer(rowSums(df == 1|df == 2| df == 3) > 0)
#[1] 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
Will work for any number of vars:
example <- data.frame(a = 1:10, b = 10:1, c = 1:5 )
x <- c(1, 2, 3)
as.integer(Reduce(function(a, b) (a %in% x) | (b %in% x), example))
With the dplyr package:
library(dplyr)
x <- 1:3
example %>% mutate(d = as.integer(a %in% x | b %in% x | c %in% x))
Two other possibilities which work with any number of columns:
#option 1
example$d <- +(rowSums(sapply(example, `%in%`, 1:3)) > 0)
#option 2
library(matrixStats)
example$d <- rowMaxs(+(sapply(example, `%in%`, 1:3)))
which both give:
> example
a b c d
1 1 10 1 1
2 2 9 2 1
3 3 8 3 1
4 4 7 4 0
5 5 6 5 0
6 6 5 1 1
7 7 4 2 1
8 8 3 3 1
9 9 2 4 1
10 10 1 5 1
You can do this using apply(although little slow)
Logic: any will compare if there is any 1,2 or 3 is present or not, apply is used to iterate this logic on each of the rows. Then finally converting the boolean outcome to numeric by adding +0 (You may choose as.numeric here in case you want to be more expressive)
d <- apply(example,1 ,function(x)any(x==1|x==2|x==3))+0
In case someone wants to restrict the columns or want to run the logic on some columns, then one can do this also:
d <- apply(example[,c("a","b","c")], 1, function(x)any(x==1|x==2|x==3))+0
Here you have control on columns on which one to take or ignore basis your needs.
Output:
> d
[1] 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
general solution:
example %>%
sapply(function(i)i %in% x) %>% apply(1,any) %>% as.integer
#[1] 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
Try this method, verify if in any column there is at list one element present in x.
x<-c(1,2,3)
example$d<-as.numeric(example$a %in% x | example$b %in% x | example$c %in% x)
example
a b c d
1 1 10 1 1
2 2 9 2 1
3 3 8 3 1
4 4 7 4 0
5 5 6 5 0
6 6 5 1 1
7 7 4 2 1
8 8 3 3 1
9 9 2 4 1
10 10 1 5 1

R: cumulative sum with conditions [duplicate]

I have a vector of numbers in a data.frame such as below.
df <- data.frame(a = c(1,2,3,4,2,3,4,5,8,9,10,1,2,1))
I need to create a new column which gives a running count of entries that are greater than their predecessor. The resulting column vector should be this:
0,1,2,3,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,0,1,0
My attempt is to create a "flag" column of diffs to mark when the values are greater.
df$flag <- c(0,diff(df$a)>0)
> df$flag
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
Then I can apply some dplyr group/sum magic to almost get the right answer, except that the sum doesn't reset when flag == 0:
df %>% group_by(flag) %>% mutate(run=cumsum(flag))
a flag run
1 1 0 0
2 2 1 1
3 3 1 2
4 4 1 3
5 2 0 0
6 3 1 4
7 4 1 5
8 5 1 6
9 8 1 7
10 9 1 8
11 10 1 9
12 1 0 0
13 2 1 10
14 1 0 0
I don't want to have to resort to a for() loop because I have several of these running sums to compute with several hundred thousand rows in a data.frame.
Here's one way with ave:
ave(df$a, cumsum(c(F, diff(df$a) < 0)), FUN=seq_along) - 1
[1] 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 0
We can get a running count grouped by diff(df$a) < 0. Which are the positions in the vector that are less than their predecessors. We add c(F, ..) to account for the first position. The cumulative sum of that vector creates an index for grouping. The function ave can carry out a function on that index, we use seq_along for a running count. But since it starts at 1, we subtract by one ave(...) - 1 to start from zero.
A similar approach using dplyr:
library(dplyr)
df %>%
group_by(cumsum(c(FALSE, diff(a) < 0))) %>%
mutate(row_number() - 1)
You don't need dplyr:
fun <- function(x) {
test <- diff(x) > 0
y <- cumsum(test)
c(0, y - cummax(y * !test))
}
fun(df$a)
[1] 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 0
a <- c(1,2,3,4,2,3,4,5,8,9,10,1,2,1)
f <- c(0, diff(a)>0)
ifelse(f, cumsum(f), f)
that it is without reset.
with reset:
unlist(tapply(f, cumsum(c(0, diff(a) < 0)), cumsum))

R for loop: For all groups of rows with the same value in column, do

I would love some help understanding the syntax needed to do a certain calculation in R.
I have a dataframe like this:
a b c
1 1 0
2 1 1
3 1 0
4 2 0
5 2 0
6 3 1
7 3 0
8 3 0
9 4 0
and I want to create a new column "d" that has a value of 1 if (and only if) any of the values in column "c" equal 1 for each group of rows that have the same value in column "b." Otherwise (see rows 4,5 and 9) column "d" gives 0.
a b c d
1 1 0 1
2 1 1 1
3 1 0 1
4 2 0 0
5 2 0 0
6 3 1 1
7 3 0 1
8 3 0 1
9 4 0 0
Can this be done with a for loop? If so, any advice on how to write that would be greatly appreciated.
Using data.table
setDT(df)
df[, d := as.integer(any(c == 1L)), b]
Since you asked for a loop:
# adding the result col
dat <- data.frame(dat, d = rep(NA, nrow(dat)))
# iterate over group
for(i in unique(dat$b)){
# chek if there is a one for
# each group
if(any(dat$c[dat$b == i] == 1))
dat$d[dat$b == i] <- 1
else
dat$d[dat$b == i] <- 0
}
of course the data.table solutions is more elegant ;)
To do this in base R (using the same general function as the dat.table method any), you can use ave:
df$d <- ave(cbind(df$c), df$b, FUN=function(i) any(i)==1)

R cumulative sum by condition with reset

I have a vector of numbers in a data.frame such as below.
df <- data.frame(a = c(1,2,3,4,2,3,4,5,8,9,10,1,2,1))
I need to create a new column which gives a running count of entries that are greater than their predecessor. The resulting column vector should be this:
0,1,2,3,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,0,1,0
My attempt is to create a "flag" column of diffs to mark when the values are greater.
df$flag <- c(0,diff(df$a)>0)
> df$flag
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
Then I can apply some dplyr group/sum magic to almost get the right answer, except that the sum doesn't reset when flag == 0:
df %>% group_by(flag) %>% mutate(run=cumsum(flag))
a flag run
1 1 0 0
2 2 1 1
3 3 1 2
4 4 1 3
5 2 0 0
6 3 1 4
7 4 1 5
8 5 1 6
9 8 1 7
10 9 1 8
11 10 1 9
12 1 0 0
13 2 1 10
14 1 0 0
I don't want to have to resort to a for() loop because I have several of these running sums to compute with several hundred thousand rows in a data.frame.
Here's one way with ave:
ave(df$a, cumsum(c(F, diff(df$a) < 0)), FUN=seq_along) - 1
[1] 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 0
We can get a running count grouped by diff(df$a) < 0. Which are the positions in the vector that are less than their predecessors. We add c(F, ..) to account for the first position. The cumulative sum of that vector creates an index for grouping. The function ave can carry out a function on that index, we use seq_along for a running count. But since it starts at 1, we subtract by one ave(...) - 1 to start from zero.
A similar approach using dplyr:
library(dplyr)
df %>%
group_by(cumsum(c(FALSE, diff(a) < 0))) %>%
mutate(row_number() - 1)
You don't need dplyr:
fun <- function(x) {
test <- diff(x) > 0
y <- cumsum(test)
c(0, y - cummax(y * !test))
}
fun(df$a)
[1] 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 0
a <- c(1,2,3,4,2,3,4,5,8,9,10,1,2,1)
f <- c(0, diff(a)>0)
ifelse(f, cumsum(f), f)
that it is without reset.
with reset:
unlist(tapply(f, cumsum(c(0, diff(a) < 0)), cumsum))

rewriting variable using for loop R

I've got a column in my dataset that contains a collection of 0,1 and 2. The 2's are a weird leftover from some previous transformation, and I need to convert them to 1. I've written a simple loop to do this
for (i in my.cl.accept$enroll){
if (i==2){
i=1
}
}
however, this doesn't change the actual contents of the dataframe. ifelse() doesn't work, because I don't need to change the other digits at all; just the number 2.
I've been using R a little more after coming from python, what simple thing am I misunderstanding here?
Lets generate a sample set:
set.seed(10)
DF <- data.frame(
a=1:10,
b=sample(0:2,10,rep=T))
DF
Now, replace every entry corresponding to 2 with 1:
DF$b[DF$b==2] <- 1
DF
Note: This is a vectorized method, and will always work faster than loop iterations.
Dunno whether this is what you want?
> A<- 1:10
> B<- c(rep(0,5), rep(1,3), rep(2,2))
> data <- data.frame(A,B)
> data
A B
1 1 0
2 2 0
3 3 0
4 4 0
5 5 0
6 6 1
7 7 1
8 8 1
9 9 2
10 10 2
> data[data$B==2,]$B <- 1
> data
A B
1 1 0
2 2 0
3 3 0
4 4 0
5 5 0
6 6 1
7 7 1
8 8 1
9 9 1
10 10 1
Are you sure you're using ifelse correctly? It actually does allow you to only change one value to another. Here's an example:
> x <- sample(c(0, 1, 2), 10, TRUE)
> x
## [1] 2 1 1 0 2 2 0 0 2 1
> ifelse(x == 2, 1, x)
## [1] 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
For future reference, your good old-fashioned for loop should go something like this...
for (i in 1:length(my.cl.accept$enroll)){
if (my.cl.accept$enroll[i] == 2){
my.cl.accept$enroll[i] <- 1
} else {
my.cl.accept$enroll[i]
}
}

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