I recently read about the "holy grail" design and read implementations for it.
I saw a solution that does something strange on the menus from the sides.
{
margin-bottom: -3200px;
padding-bottom: 32000px;
}
I understand this mechanism causes the menu to be "infinite", I also found out this trick is called bleeding.
I don't understand how it works. Can someone please explain?
EDIT:
both answers were great. Wish I could pick 2. Picked the first one answered. I found another resource that emphasizes on negative margin values which explains bleed as well.
http://coding.smashingmagazine.com/2009/07/27/the-definitive-guide-to-using-negative-margins/
Thanks.
Padding-bottom at that value with stretch the background of the menu down far enough that it will always be seen to take up the whole length of the page. The margin adjustment gives the ability to still position content over this stretched out menu at a position according to the design of your site. Here is an example with the properties adjusted so that you can more easily see what is happening:
http://jsfiddle.net/PVKbp/23/
.two
{
margin-bottom: -3200px;
padding-bottom: 32000px;
margin-left: 100px;
margin-right: 100px;
background-color: #aaaaaa;
}
Bleed in printing is where you create a design purposely extended over the boundaries of the canvas, to ensure that all the page is covered. It basically means that you won't get any dodgy white edges where your design didn't "fit" the document properly:
http://www.duggal.com/connect/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/bleed2.jpg
I suppose the idea of bleed is the same in this instance, whereby you're trying to cover having any potential white spaces by adding padding to the menu
CSS
The only "holy grail" I've heard of in CSS is the 3-column one? If this is the case, I would say that having padding 32000px will be needlessly resource intensive
I've never really created 100% height responsive stuff, so here's a good resource for you: Twitter Bootstrap2 100% height responsive
Related
I've made my own static website from scratch using html5 and css(3) only.But I have got 2 issues.
The first one is the white space between the top's menu and header's image bottom.I've tried everything.
Maybe the only solution for that is float:left; but then the image goes into the navigation tag or negative value on margin's property but I've heard that this technique is bad.
The second issue I'll display via image http://www.filedropper.com/discoversite that's my simple WebSite. I know my css is awful but I'm still a beginner. The second issue is here. http://postimg.org/image/5adp6379d/ . As you can see the text is going out of the box. (I am using % in css for more responsive). I will be glad if anyone can help me.
I can only have a guess for your first issue as I don't know the exact code for your website (create jsfiddle :D ). Try to apply vertical-align: bottom; or display: block; to your header image. Why? Because images are placed like text and some letters like g, j, q and p are going underneath the bottom level. Your browser will leave a tiny space for these letters. Also setting a min-width is a good solution like Kirk Logan said.
And for your second problem there are multiple solutions (depending on what you want):
You can handle your content with overflow: hidden; or overflow: scroll as Kirk Logan suggested. But this wouldn't make any sense in the case you have shown us in the picture.
Or (is a little more complex) you could remove the white borders on the left and right side (just when the screen is too small) in order to gain more space for the text. This can be done by:
#media only screen and (max-width: 768px) {
#BigBorder1 { border-width: 0px; }
#BigBorder2 { border-width: 0px; }
}
Everthing inside the outer brackets will only be applied when the screen's width is smaller than 768px. But to be honest this is usually done the other way round: When the screen is bigger than 768px then something happens. This simplification is only in order to make it easier for you.
I am unable to get the white space at the bottom of this page to disappear. I have both min-height and height tags in body. Any suggestions? Thanks!
http://womancareolympia.webs.com/
I find it quite remarkable that out of 6 answers, none of them have mentioned the real source of the problem.
Collapsing margins on the last p inside #fw-footer is where that extra space is originating from.
A sensible fix would be to add overflow: hidden to #fw-footer (or simply add margin: 0 on the last p).
You could also just move the script inside that last p outside of the p, and then remove the p entirely; there's no need to wrap a script in a p. The first p (#fw-foottext) has margin: 0 applied, so the problem won't happen with that one.
As an aside, you've broken the fix I gave you in this question:
CSS3 gradient background with unwanted white space at bottom
You need html { height: 100% } and body { min-height: 100% }.
At the moment, you have html { height: auto } being applied, which does not work:
(This happens with a window taller than the content on the page)
The problem is how 100% height is being calculated. Two ways to deal with this.
Add 20px to the body padding-bottom
body {
padding-bottom: 20px;
}
or add a transparent border to body
body {
border: 1px solid transparent;
}
Both worked for me in firebug
In defense of this answer
Below are some comments regarding the correctness of my answer to this question. These kinds of discussions are exactly why stackoverflow is so great. Many different people have different opinions on how best to solve the problem. I've learned some incredible coding style that I would not have thought of myself. And I've been told that readers have learned something from my style from time to time. Social coding has really encouraged me to be a better programmer.
Social coding can, at times, be disturbing. I hate it when I spend 30 minutes flushing out an answer with a jsfiddle and detailed explanation only to submit and find 10 other answers all saying the same thing in less detail. And the author accepts someone else's answer. How frustrating! I think that this has happend to my fellow contributors–in particular thirtydot.
Thirtydot's answer is completely legit. The p around the script is the culprit in this problem. Remove it and the space goes away. It also is a good answer to this question.
But why? Shouldn't the p tag's height, padding and margin be calculated into the height of the body?
And it is! If you remove the padding-bottom style that I've suggested and then set the body's background to black, you will see that the body's height includes this extra p space accurately (you see the strip at the bottom turn to black). But the gradient fails to include it when finding where to start. This is the real problem.
The two solutions that I've offered are ways to tell the browser to calculate the gradient properly. In fact, the padding-bottom could just be 1px. The value isn't important, but the setting is. It makes the browser take a look at where the body ends. Setting the border will have the same effect.
In my opinion, a padding setting of 20px looks the best for this page and that is why I answered it this way. It is addressing the problem of where the gradient starts.
Now, if I were building this page. I would have avoided wrapping the script in a p tag. But I must assume that author of the page either can't change it or has a good reason for putting it in there. I don't know what that script does. Will it write something that needs a p tag? Again, I would avoid this practice and it is fine to question its presence, but also I accept that there are cases where it must be there.
My hope in writing this "defense" is that the people who marked down this answer might consider that decision. My answer is thought out, purposeful, and relevant. The author thought so. However, in this social environment, I respect that you disagree and have a right to degrade my answer. I just hope that your choice is motivated by disagreement with my answer and not that author chose mine over yours.
I had white space at the bottom of all my websites; this is how I solved the matter:
the first and best thing you can do when you are debugging css issues like this is to add:
*{ border: 1px solid red; }
this css line puts a red box around all your css elements.
I had white space at the bottom of my page due to a faulty chrome extension which was adding the div dp_swf_engine to the bottom of my page:
<div id="dp_swf_engine" style="position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px;"></div>
without the red box, I would have never noticed a 1px div. I then got rid of the faulty extension, and put display:none on #dp_swf_engine as a secondary measure. (who knows when it could come back to add random white space at the bottom of my page for all my pages and apps?!)
Try setting the height of the html element to 100% as well.
html {
min-height: 100%;
overflow-y: scroll;
}
body {
min-height: 100%;
}
Reference from this answer..
This will remove the margin and padding from your page elements, since there is a paragraph with a script inside that is causing an added margin. this way you should reset it and then you can style the other elements of your page, or you could give that paragraph an id and set margin to zero only for it.
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
</style>
Try to put this as the first style.
The problem is the background image on the html element. You appear to have set it to "null" which is not valid. Try removing that CSS rule entirely, or at least setting background-image:none
EDIT: the CSS file says it is "generated" so I don't know exactly what you will be able to edit. The problem is this line:
html {
background-color: null !important;
background-position: null !important;
background-repeat: repeat !important;
background-image: url('http://images.freewebs.com/Images/null.gif') !important;
}
I'm guessing you've put null as a value and it has set the background to a GIF called 'null'.
There is a second paragraph in your footer that contains a script. It is this that is causing the issue.
It is happening Due to:
<p><script>var _nwls=[];if(window.jQuery&&window.jQuery.find){_nwls=jQuery.find(".fw_link_newWindow");}else{if(document.getElementsByClassName){_nwls=document.getElementsByClassName("fw_link_newWindow");}else{if(document.querySelectorAll){_nwls=document.querySelectorAll(".fw_link_newWindow");}else{document.write('<scr'+'ipt src="http://static.websimages.com/static/global/js/sizzle/sizzle.min.js"><\/scr'+'ipt>');if(window.Sizzle){_nwls=Sizzle(".fw_link_newWindow");}}}}var numlinks=_nwls.length;for(var i=0;i<numlinks;i++){_nwls[i].target="_blank";}</script></p>
Remove <p></p> around the script.
(class/ID):after {
content:none;
}
Always works for me
class or ID can be for a div or even body causing the white space.
I had the same problem when parsing html to string. Removing the last <p></p> (and replacing it with an alternative if desirable, like < /br>) solved it for me.
I faced this issue because my web page was zoomed out to 90% and as I was viewing my page in responsive mode through the browser developer tools, I did not notice it right away.
the image below will explain what I mean
click here for image
pretending that the red area is not a divider since I just want it to be empty with a fluid-like divider
position:absolute; left:0px; right:100px;
the above thing wont work because im trying to do this with a table inside a divider that is already using the position:absolute.... and it's actually for height but to make explaining simpler im just asking for the width
Your specific question is rather confusing, but, no, CSS has no concept of math. You can't do 100% - 50px, for instance, even though that would be really handy.
However, you can give elements margins of specific measurements, and if you don't give the element a defined width, it is, by default, 'auto' so will take up the remaining space.
So the left DIV could be set with a 100px right-margin.
That would answer your question if it were about CSS and horizontal spacing of a fluid layout.
As for your vertical spacing issues and a table, that's really an entirely different thing, so would suggest you revise your question with the specific markup you are looking for help on.
You could have a loot to less css framework (it deals with js)
you can use operators, check the Functions & Operations in less official website, very interesting, you can do things like:
#base-color: #000000;
#footer {
color: #base-color + #003300;
}
You can use width: calc(100% -100px); but it's not supported by all browsers unfortunately.
let's say I have a div with right-aligned text and a fixed with:
div{
width: 30px;
text-align: right;
}
is it ok if I increase the width of this div to 35px trough padding, to move the text away from the edge and avoid adding another element inside of it?
div{
padding-right: 5px;
}
I mean would any browsers behave weirdly about it?
The result would be exacly what you said: a div of total width 35px. It seems to me you understand what you are doing, but there is never a substitute for actually testing in all your target browsers.
While this small piece of CSS looks innocent, it can change the elements around them in a way you didn't expect.
No It'll be ok, in every major browser.
Internet Explorer in Quirks Mode would have a problem with it due to it's box model.
If this is a problem, I would use a nested div that uses margins instead.
Your other option could be including an IE specific CSS file.
This is an area that we are getting a lot more control over with css3. Have a look at
http://www.quirksmode.org/css/box.html.
I couldn't find a previous post for this, and I apologize if this is an uber-n00b question.
I am working on my first practice site (just XHTML and CSS/3 stages right now). I wanted to test the page to make sure that when I reduce the size of the browser window everything still looks the same. When I did that, my navigation column overlapped part of the page and the background image I have embedded in my h1 header doesn't fill all the x-axis all the way to the right.
What did I do wrong, and how can I fix this the right (web standards)?
P.S...Here's the code
h1 {
font-size: x-large;
color: white;
padding-top: 2em;
padding-bottom: .2em;
padding-left: .4em;
margin: 0;
background: navy url(backgrounds/header-bg.jpg) repeat-y right;
}
#navigation {
width: 180px;
height: 484px;
background: #7da5d8 url(backgrounds/nav-bg.jpg) no-repeat;
}
There are several strategies. it's really an art and it's a bit too involved to be answered fully here. It's something web designers have been dealing with for years, and you'll develop your own style and strategy, but there are good recommendations and best practices available on the web to find.
I'd start with this search:
http://www.bing.com/search?q=web+design+gracefully++resize&src=IE-SearchBox&FORM=IE8SRC
This is the first truly good result from that search: http://mirificampress.com/permalink/daynamically_resizing_text_with_css_and_javascript
but there are other good results as well.
Try giving a fixed width to the main container or the body itself.
body{
width:1000px;
}
If you post your current code, we may give you a better solution.
Ah well, this was going to be a comment, but I just kept going...
The nav column overlap is most likely because it is defined with a fixed width (px or em (which are fixed for this purpose)) and not a fluid unit like percentage. With all respect to David Stratton (and he's right, it is an art to in-depth to be answered here), try building your layout using percentages when appropriate to make the page scale well.
In response to the idea of fixing the width of an outer container, that is also a possibility, but one which doesn't degrade nicely if the user has a very small or large screen or a very high or low resolution.
Try googling with fluid page layout web design