I have a section container that holds a div (.tablet). Both section and Div are responsive
When the view port reaches > 400px, I want to display a background image in my div (.tablet)
HOWEVER, unless I specify a px width and height, the div collapses and disappears. It ignores the background image. It's Almost as if the background image does not exist and the div has no content!
Is it possible to create a resposnive DIV with a flexible background image that does not collapse? I want the background image to fill the DIV and respond with the div size?
i've tried using the following rules with the .tabletonly div
background-size: cover;
background-position: center;
background-attachment: fixed; /* Fixbackground * */
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles/style1.css"/>
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="section">
<div id="tabletonly" class="span_1_of_2">
<div><div>
</div>
</div> // end wrapper
</body>
</html>
CSS code ----------------------------------------
.span_1_of_2 {
width: 45%;
position: relative;
}
img {
max-width: 100%;
}
#media screen and (min-width: 400px) {
#tabletonly div{
background: url("images/shop.jpg" );
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
}
If you know the aspect ratio of the background image, there's a trick you can use to keep the box from collapsing - use border-box box-sizing, set the height to 0, and give the div a padding-bottom that reflects that ratio.
.image-box {
background: url('http://placehold.it/600x300/eee/ccc');
background-size: cover;
height: 0;
padding-bottom: 50%; /* match this to the aspect ratio of your picture */
}
fiddle
That being said, the other commenter had a point; depending on your use context, maybe this should be an inline image rather than a background one?
Try something like that. If I do understand your question, it will Center the background image and it will keep the ration as well.
background-size:contain;
background-position: center center;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
background-image: url(../images/YourBackgroundImage.png);
Using contain will skink or enlage your image, but will be fully visible. Make sure your background image is good enough for big screen,
The position will center from Top and from Bottom.
Make sure the image does not repeat as that make look bad.
And of course the Image you want to put as background.
I think your tabletonly div has height of 0 because it has no displayable content in it.
Perhaps you may specify min-height (i.e. may use vh, % or px) or populate div with content.
It is difficult to tell as I do not know what you need the div for.
Edit: For the sake of simplicity, I reduced my problem with overlay (see Background below) to width of a div. By doing that I however created a different and somewhat artificial problem. The accepted answer solves my real problem. The "reduced" problem is not solved there.
How can I make div with width equal to 100% of the page width? (without setting fixed min-width)
Seemingly, the solution is trivial. <div> with its 100% width should be OK by itself. That works fine unless you shrink the browser window below the page width (that's when scroll bars appear). Then the width of the <div> element is equal to the window size, not to the page size.
A note on the demonstration code: The first div simulates the page width. The divs below are my attempts to achieve an element wide across all page. If the page is big enough (more than 500px), they are rendered as expected - all over the page. But if you shrink the window (below 500px) and scroll bar appears, then the divs also shrink, although I want them to stay at 500px.
Here's the code, or check it out on jsFiddle if you prefer
/* just to see sizes of the elements */
div {
border: 1px solid red;
}
/* this simulates the width of the actual page content */
div#fixed {
width: 500px;
}
div#full1 {
width: 100%;
}
div#full2 {
width: 100%;
min-width: 100%;
}
div#full3 {
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
}
/* this works fine, but uses fixed size min-width, I cannot use */
div#fullOK {
width: 100%;
min-width: 500px;
}
<div id="fixed">Width fixed to 500px</div>
The DIVs below are attempts to achieving 100% width despite scrolling. All work only if the window is wider than 500px.
<div>default</div>
<div id="full1">just width 100%</div>
<div id="full2">width and min-width 100%</div>
<div id="full3">run out of ideas</div>
<br>
<br>
<div id="fullOK">fixed min-width is the only thing that works (unusable for me though)</div>
Background: I have a page, which has an editor area that can be resized by the user. It has a modal dialog windows support, which - when invoked - shows a window and covers the rest of the page by a semi-opaque background with height and width set to 100%. It works well, unless it is viewed in window smaller than the page. Then scrolling shows part of the page not covered by the background, which looks ugly. I need to have this background spanning all over the page, not just over the visible area. Setting min-width and min-height could be done only with the help of JavaScript (due to unknown page size, as the user can resize the canvas) and I'd prefer avoiding that.
Use position: fixed for the overlay. The scrolling doesn't matter as elements that are fixed will position themselves in relation to the viewport. height: 100% and width: 100% will keep the overlay over the entire page no matter what you do.
From the MDN (emphasis mine):
fixed
Do not leave space for the element. Instead, position it at a specified position relative to the screen's viewport and don't move it when scrolled. [...]
CSS / HTML / Demo
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-size: 1.5em;
}
body {
background: white;
}
.cover {
position: fixed;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
background: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.7);
}
<div class="cover"></div>
<h1>I am overlapped!</h1>
<input type="text" value="cant touch this" />
How do I get a div to automatically adjust to the size of the background I set for it without setting a specific height (or min-height) for it?
There is a very nice and cool way to make a background image work like an img element so it adjust its height automatically. You need to know the image width and height ratio. Set the height of the container to 0 and set the padding-top as percentage based upon the image ratio.
It will look like the following:
div {
background-image: url('http://www.pets4homes.co.uk/images/articles/1111/large/feline-influenza-all-about-cat-flu-5239fffd61ddf.jpg');
background-size: contain;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
width: 100%;
height: 0;
padding-top: 66.64%; /* (img-height / img-width * container-width) */
/* (853 / 1280 * 100) */
}
You just got a background image with auto height which will work just like an img element. Here is a working prototype (you can resize and check the div height): http://jsfiddle.net/8m9ur5qj/
Another, perhaps inefficient, solution would be to include the image under an img element set to visibility: hidden;. Then make the background-image of the surrounding div the same as the image.
This will set the surrounding div to the size of the image in the img element but display it as a background.
<div style="background-image: url(http://your-image.jpg);">
<img src="http://your-image.jpg" style="visibility: hidden;" />
</div>
There is no way to auto adjust for background image size using CSS.
You can hack around it by measuring the background image on the server and then applying those attributes to the div, as others have mentioned.
You could also hack up some javascript to resize the div based on the image size (once the image has been downloaded) - this is basically the same thing.
If you need your div to auto-fit the image, I might ask why don't you just put an <img> tag inside your div?
This answer is similar to others, but is overall the best for most applications. You need to know the image size before hand which you usually do. This will let you add overlay text, titles etc. with no negative padding or absolute positioning of the image. They key is to set the padding % to match the image aspect ratio as seen in the example below. I used this answer and essentially just added an image background.
.wrapper {
width: 100%;
/* whatever width you want */
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
background-size: contain;
background: url('https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/67/Wiki-llama.jpg/1600px-Wiki-llama.jpg') top center no-repeat;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.wrapper:after {
padding-top: 75%;
/* this llama image is 800x600 so set the padding top % to match 600/800 = .75 */
display: block;
content: '';
}
.main {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
right: 0;
left: 0;
color: black;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 5%;
}
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="main">
This is where your overlay content goes, titles, text, buttons, etc.
</div>
</div>
I looked at some of the solutions and they're great but I think I found a surprisingly easy way.
First, we need to get the ratio from the background image. We simply divide one dimension through another. Then we get something like for example 66.4%
When we have image ratio we can simply calculate the height of the div by multiplying the ratio by viewport width:
height: calc(0.664 * 100vw);
To me, it works, sets div height properly and changes it when the window is resized.
Maybe this can help, it's not exactly a background, but you get the idea:
<style>
div {
float: left;
position: relative;
}
div img {
position: relative;
}
div div {
position: absolute;
top:0;
left:0;
}
</style>
<div>
<img src="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/0903/omegacen_davis.jpg" />
<div>Hi there</div>
</div>
Pretty sure this will never been seen all the way down here. But if your problem was the same as mine, this was my solution:
.imaged-container{
background-image:url('<%= asset_path("landing-page.png") %> ');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: 100%;
height: 65vw;
}
I wanted to have a div in the center of the image, and this will allow me of that.
There is a pure CSS solution that the other answers have missed.
The "content:" property is mostly used to insert text content into an element, but can also be used to insert image content.
.my-div:before {
content: url("image.png");
}
This will cause the div to resize its height to the actual pixel size of the image. To resize the width too, add:
.my-div {
display: inline-block;
}
The recently introduced CSS aspect-ratio attribute (~2020-2021) is a great way to do this without padding hacks and is supported on all evergreen browsers.
Since we need to know the aspect ratio of the image ahead of time, and in many usecases you'll be able to predetermine the image dimension ratio ahead of time (but not always for user generated content), you can either hardcode a single style or inline the css when necessary.
aspect-ratio will calculate the height when the width is specified, based on the provided ratio (or calculate width, if the height is specified).
div {
aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; /*common ratio, like an 800*600px image */
width: 200px; /* computed height will be 133.33px, which is width/aspect-ratio */
background: red; /* so any image bleed is shown*/
background-image: url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1631163190830-8770a0ad4aa9?ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8&ixlib=rb-1.2.1&auto=format&fit=crop&w=200&q=80');
}
<div></div>
You can do it server side: by measuring the image and then setting the div size, OR loading the image with JS, read it's attributes and then set the DIV size.
And here is an idea, put the same image inside the div as an IMG tag, but give it visibility: hidden + play with position relative+ give this div the image as background.
I had this issue and found Hasanavi's answer but I got a little bug when displaying the background image on a wide screen - The background image didn't spread to the whole width of the screen.
So here is my solution - based on Hasanavi's code but better... and this should work on both extra-wide and mobile screens.
/*WIDE SCREEN SUPPORT*/
#media screen and (min-width: 769px) {
div {
background-image: url('http://www.pets4homes.co.uk/images/articles/1111/large/feline-influenza-all-about-cat-flu-5239fffd61ddf.jpg');
background-size: cover;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
width: 100%;
height: 0;
padding-top: 66.64%; /* (img-height / img-width * container-width) */
/* (853 / 1280 * 100) */
}
}
/*MOBILE SUPPORT*/
#media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
div {
background-image: url('http://www.pets4homes.co.uk/images/articles/1111/large/feline-influenza-all-about-cat-flu-5239fffd61ddf.jpg');
background-size: contain;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
width: 100%;
height: 0;
padding-top: 66.64%; /* (img-height / img-width * container-width) */
/* (853 / 1280 * 100) */
}
}
As you might have noticed, the background-size: contain; property doas not fit well in extra wide screens, and the background-size: cover; property does not fit well on mobile screens so I used this #media attribute to play around with the screen sizes and fix this issue.
This Worked For Me:
background-image: url("/assets/image_complete_path");
background-position: center; /* Center the image */
background-repeat: no-repeat; /* Do not repeat the image */
background-size: cover;
height: 100%;
If it is a single predetermined background image and you want the div to to be responsive without distorting the aspect ratio of the background image you can first calculate the aspect ratio of the image and then create a div which preserves it's aspect ratio by doing the following:
Say you want an aspect ratio of 4/1 and the width of the div is 32%:
div {
width: 32%;
padding-bottom: 8%;
}
This results from the fact that padding is calculated based on the width of the containing element.
Adding to the original accepted answer just add style width:100%; to the inner image so it will auto-shrink/expand for mobile devices and wont end up taking large top or bottom margins in mobile view.
<div style="background-image: url(http://your-image.jpg);background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size: contain;height: auto;">
<img src="http://your-image.jpg" style="visibility: hidden; width: 100%;" />
</div>
How about this :)
.fixed-centered-covers-entire-page{
margin:auto;
background-image: url('https://i.imgur.com/Ljd0YBi.jpg');
background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size:cover;
background-position: 50%;
background-color: #fff;
left:0;
right:0;
top:0;
bottom:0;
z-index:-1;
position:fixed;
}
<div class="fixed-centered-covers-entire-page"></div>
Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/josephmcasey/KhPaF/
I would do the reverse and place the image inside of the main div with a width of 100%, which will make both the div and image responsive to screen size,
Then add the content within an absolute positioned div with width and height of 100% inside of the main div.
<div class="main" style="position: relative; width: 100%;">
<img src="your_image.png" style="width: 100%;">
<div style="position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; display: flex...">
YOUR CONTENT
</div>
</div>
May be this can help, it's not exactly a background, but you get the simple idea
<style>
div {
float: left;
position: relative;
}
div img {
position: relative;
}
div div {
position: absolute;
top:0;
left:0;
}
</style>
<div>
<img src="http://www.planwallpaper.com/static/images/recycled_texture_background_by_sandeep_m-d6aeau9_PZ9chud.jpg" />
<div>Hello</div>
</div>
You can do something like that
<div style="background-image: url(http://your-image.jpg); position:relative;">
<img src="http://your-image.jpg" style="opacity: 0;" />
<div style="position: absolute;top: 0;width: 100%;height: 100%;">my content goes here</div>
</div>
If you know the ratio of the image at build time, want the height based off of the window height and you're ok targeting modern browsers (IE9+), then you can use viewport units for this:
.width-ratio-of-height {
overflow-x: scroll;
height: 100vh;
width: 500vh; /* width here is 5x height */
background-image: url("http://placehold.it/5000x1000");
background-size: cover;
}
Not quite what the OP was asking, but probably a good fit for a lot of those viewing this question, so wanted to give another option here.
Fiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/6Lkzdnge/
Suppose you have some thing like this:
<div class="content">
... // inner HTML
</div>
and you want add a background to it, but you do not know the dimension of the image.
I had a similar problem, and I solved it by using grid:
HTML
<div class="outer">
<div class="content">
... // inner HTML
</div>
<img class="background" />
</div>
CSS
.outer{
display: grid;
grid-template: auto / auto;
// or you can assign a name for this block
}
.content{
grid-area: 1 / 1 / 2 / 2;
z-index: 2;
}
.background{
grid-area: 1 / 1 / 2 / 2;
z-index: 1;
}
z-index is just for placing image actually at the background, you can of course place img.background above the div.content.
NOTE: it might cause the div.content has same height of the picture, so if div.content have any children that placed according to its height, you might want set a number not something like 'auto'.
inspired by the most liked answer, I ended up coming up with a solution using min-height and 'vw' unit
I had an image in a very unusual proportion
through experimentation I ended up using
min-height: 36vw;
that value must change, according to the ratio of your image
css code used im my actual page:
background:url('your-background-image-adress') center center no-repeat;
background-size: 100%;
background-position: top center;
margin-top: 50px;
width: 100%;
min-height: 36vw;
code pen example https://codepen.io/viniciusrad/pen/GRNPXoL
Had this issue with the Umbraco CMS and in this scenario you can add the image to the div using something like this for the 'style' attribute of the div:
style="background: url('#(image.mediaItem.Image.umbracoFile)') no-repeat scroll 0 0 transparent; height: #(image.mediaItem.Image.umbracoHeight)px"
I have been dealing with this issue for a while and decided to write a jquery plugin to solve this problem.
This plugin will find all the elements with class "show-bg" (or you can pass it your own selector) and calculate their background image dimensions.
all you have to do is include this code, mark the desired elements with class="show
Enjoy!
https://bitbucket.org/tomeralmog/jquery.heightfrombg
The best solution i can think of is by specifying your width and height in percent . This will allow you to rezise your screen based on your monitor size. its more of responsive layout..
For an instance.
you have
<br/>
<div> . //This you set the width percent to %100
<div> //This you set the width percent to any amount . if you put it by 50% , it will be half
</div>
</div>
This is the best option if you would want a responsive layout, i wouldnt recommend float , in certain cases float is okay to use. but in most cases , we avoid using float as it will affect a quite of number of things when you are doing cross-browser testing.
Hope this helps :)
actually it's quite easy when you know how to do it:
<section data-speed='.618' data-type='background' style='background: url(someUrl)
top center no-repeat fixed; width: 100%; height: 40vw;'>
<div style='width: 100%; height: 40vw;'>
</div>
</section>
the trick is just to set the enclosed div just as a normal div with dimensional values same as the background dimensional values (in this example, 100% and 40vw).
I solved this using jQuery. Until new CSS rules allow for this type of behavior natively I find it is the best way to do it.
Setup your divs
Below you have your div that you want the background to appear on ("hero") and then the inner content/text you want to overlay on top of your background image ("inner"). You can (and should) move the inline styles to your hero class. I left them here so it's quick and easy to see what styles are applied to it.
<div class="hero" style="background-image: url('your-image.png'); background-size: 100%; background-repeat: no-repeat; width: 100%;">
<div class="inner">overlay content</div>
</div>
Calculate image aspect ratio
Next calculate your aspect ratio for your image by dividing the height of your image by the width. For example, if your image height is 660 and your width is 1280 your aspect ratio is 0.5156.
Setup a jQuery window resize event to adjust height
Finally, add a jQuery event listener for window resize and then calculate your hero div's height based off of the aspect ratio and update it. This solution typically leaves an extra pixel at the bottom due to imperfect calculations using the aspect ratio so we add a -1 to the resulting size.
$(window).on("resize", function ()
{
var aspect_ratio = .5156; /* or whatever yours is */
var new_hero_height = ($(window).width()*aspect_ratio) - 1;
$(".hero").height(new_hero_height);
}
Ensure it works on page load
You should perform the resize call above when the page loads to have the image sizes calculated at the outset. If you don't, then the hero div won't adjust until you resize the window. I setup a separate function to do the resize adjustments. Here's the full code I use.
function updateHeroDiv()
{
var aspect_ratio = .5156; /* or whatever yours is */
var new_hero_height = ($(window).width()*aspect_ratio) - 1;
$(".hero").height(new_hero_height);
}
$(document).ready(function()
{
// calls the function on page load
updateHeroDiv();
// calls the function on window resize
$(window).on("resize", function ()
{
updateHeroDiv();
}
});
If you can make an image on Photoshop where the main layer has an opacity of 1 or so and is basically transparent, put that img in the div and then make the real picture the background image. THEN set the opacity of the img to 1 and add the size dimensions you want.
That picture is done that way, and you can't even drag the invisible image off the page which is cool.
just add to div
style="overflow:hidden;"