Best to explain with the screenshots, this is my application layout (rails):
http://i.stack.imgur.com/gzPgy.png
And here is the issue:
http://i.stack.imgur.com/LtgNG.jpg
The colored bg just below the header is the .main class, which I want to be covering the entirety of the site from the header down. I'm not really sure why it gets pushed to a fixed height there. CSS:
/* Global Styles */
html,
body {
height: 100%;
}
/* Structure styles (footer css) */
.container, .main {
height: 100%;
}
.main {
background-color: #f4f4ec;
padding-top: 20px;
}
Thanks for any help
Related
Out of curiosity, considering the example below, why does having the margin on the #container div cause a vertical scrollbar to appear in the browser? The container is much smaller in height than the body height which is set to 100%.
I have set the padding and margins to 0 for all elements except the #container. Note that I have deliberately omitted absolute positioning on the #container div. In this case how is the browser calculating the height of the body and how is the margin affecting it?
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
* { padding:0; margin:0;}
html, body { height:100%; }
#container
{
padding:10px;
margin:50px;
border:1px solid black;
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id='container'>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Example also on JSFiddle
If you paint the backgrounds of html and body (giving each its own color), you'll quickly notice that body is being shifted down along with #container, and #container itself isn't offset from the top of body at all. This is a side effect of margin collapse, which I cover in detail here (although that answer describes a slightly different setup).
It's this behavior that's causing the scrollbar to appear, since you've declared body to have 100% the height of html. Note that the actual height of body is unaffected, as margins are never included in height calculations.
Based upon #BoltClock♦'s answer, I fixed it by zeroing the margin...
so
html,body, #st-full-pg {
height: 100%;
margin: 0;
}
works where id "st-full-pg" is assigned to a panel div (which further contained panel-heading and panel-body)
A bit late, but maybe it helps someone.
Adding float: left; to #container removes the scrollbar, as W3C says:
•Margins between a floated box and any other box do not collapse (not even between a float and its in-flow children).
html,body {
height: 100%;
margin: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
This worked for me
adding float:left; is nice, but will interfere with central horizontal positioning using margin:auto;
if you know how big your margin is, you can account for that in your height percentage using calc:
height: calc(100% - 50px);
browser support is good, but only IE11+
https://caniuse.com/#feat=calc
/*removes default margin & padding*/
html, body{
padding: 0px !important;
margin: 0px !important;
}
/*sets body height to max; and allows scrollbar as page content grows*/
body{
min-height: 100vh;
}
I have found a solution: add padding: 1px 0; to body prevents vertical scrollbars to appear
For those who are coming here for an easier to understand answer that even includes code samples, this answer (copied from here) is for you.
No JavaScript or definite pixel values (such as 100px) are required, just, pure CSS and percentages.
If your div is just sitting there on its own, height: 50% will mean 50% the height of the body. Normally, the height of the body is zero without any visible content, so 50% of that is just, well, zero.
This is the solution (based on this) (uncomment the background lines to get a visualisation of the padding):
/* Makes <html> take up the full page without requiring content to stretch it to that height. */
html
{
height: 100%;
/* background: green; */
}
body
{
/*
100% the height of <html> minus 1 multiple of the total extra height from the padding of <html>.
This prevents an unnecessary vertical scrollbar from appearing.
*/
height: calc(100% - 1em);
/* background: blue; */
}
/* In most cases it's better to use stylesheets instead of inline-CSS. */
div
{
width: 50%;
height: 50%;
background: red;
}
<div></div>
The above was written so that there would still be the usual padding. You could set the dimensions of the red div to 100% and still see padding on each side/end. If you don't want this padding, use this (although it doesn't look nice, I recommend you stick with the first example):
/* Makes <html> take up the full page without requiring content to stretch it to that height. */
html, body
{
height: 100%;
}
/* You can uncomment it but you wouldn't be able to see it anyway. */
/*
html
{
background: green;
}
*/
body
{
margin: 0;
/* background: blue; */
}
/* In most cases it's better to use stylesheets instead of inline-CSS */
div
{
width: 50%;
height: 50%;
background: red;
}
<div></div>
I saw this problem fixed before where you put all the contents of body in a div called wrap. Wrap's style should be set to position: relative; min-height: 100%;. To position #container div 50px from the top and left put a div inside wrap with a padding set to 50px. Margins will not work with wrap and the div we just made, but they will work in #container and everything inside it.
here's my fix on jsfiddle.
you can add non-breaking space into the body tag.
<body> <othertags>...</body>
html, body {
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
If you want to remove the body scrolling add the following style:
body {
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
Inspired by #BoltClock, I tried this and it worked, even when zoom out and in.
Browser: Chrome 51
html{
height: 100%;
}
body{
height: 100%;
margin: 0px;
position: relative;
top: -20px;
}
I guess body was shifted down 20px.
It works for me:
html,
body {
height: 100%;
height: -webkit-fill-available; // Chrome
}
// Firefox
#-moz-document url-prefix() {
body {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 1px;
}
}
Add overflow: hidden; to html and body.
html, body {
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
I found a quick solution: try set height to 99.99% instead of 100%
There is the simple solution for sticky footer when you know the height of the footer.
http://getbootstrap.com/examples/sticky-footer/
But when the footer height could change how can we solve the sticky footer
If you check the source code of the page you have mentioned, you will see there are actual comments telling you what to do to change the footer height:
body {
/* Margin bottom by footer height */
margin-bottom: 60px;
}
.footer {
/* Set the fixed height of the footer here */
height: 60px;
}
If you don't know the desired height of the footer remove "height: 60px" from .footer class. The footer height will now expand to fit its contents.
.footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
You will also need to dynamically set margin-bottom of body so it doesn't slide under the absolutely positioned footer. You can do this with javascript. Jquery example:
$(function(){
var footerHeight = $(".footer").height();
$("body").css("margin-bottom", footerHeight);
$(".footer").css("margin-top", -footerHeight);
});
Example here:
http://codepen.io/anon/pen/tFcJr
There are also 2 other ways to achieve a sticky footer.
Using tables: http://codepen.io/anon/pen/AlnHc
Using flexbox: http://codepen.io/anon/pen/qysLg. I'm not sure how either of these would play with bootstrap though and obviously flexbox is only supported by IE10+.
Here's the code from the bootstrap example:
.footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
/* Set the fixed height of the footer here */
height: 60px;
background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
You would change the height attribute...
.footer {
height: auto;
}
I'm currently working on my very first responsive webdesign working with Bootstrap 3.
What I now have is a full-width grid of user profile images. These images have a parent container which must be fully filled by the image. The parent container must have a fixed height because of the requested layout.
The problem is: Using CSS I only know how to fit either the width or the height, not depending on the size of the container.
You can see the problem in this jsfiddle:
http://jsfiddle.net/usD2d/
li /* container */ {
display: block;
overflow: hidden;
float: left;
width: 25%;
height: 100px; /* something fixed */
}
li img {
width: 100%;
min-height: 100%; /* destroys aspect ratio */
}
If you have a large screen, the images will fit perfectly. Having smaller devices the images will lose their aspect ratio.
Surely I could use #media(min-width) and change the img from width to height, but due to using BootStrap and having a very dynamic layout (collapsing sidebar, etc) this could become very tricky.
Is there any CSS only solution? If not, is there a great jQuery solution maybe also providing a focus point where to keep the focus on when cropping?
Thank you very much in advance!
If you want to fill entire space with image clipping it, ratio will be preserved but image will be partially hidden. vertical-align and negative margin can be used.
example: http://jsfiddle.net/usD2d/2/ keeping center image in center(like would a background-position: center center ;.
ul {
width: 100%;
}
li {
display: block;
float: left;
width: 24%;
height: 150px;
overflow: hidden;
border: 1px solid black;
text-align:center;/* set image in center */
line-height:150px;/* set image or text right in middle;*/
}
img {
min-width: 100%;
vertical-align:middle;/* okay see it in middle , but you can tune this */
margin:-50% -100%; /* okay, you can tune margin to crop/clip other area */
}
the negative margin reduce virtually size of image wich will center(text-align ) and sit on baseline set by line-height.
This a CSS cropping.
I think that you want the image to determine the width of the <li>. I removed the width: 25%; property, and your images kept their aspect ratio in your fiddle. So change
li /* container */ {
display: block;
overflow: hidden;
float: left;
width: 25%;
height: 100px; /* something fixed */
}
to
li /* container */ {
display: block;
overflow: hidden;
float: left;
height: 100px; /* something fixed */
}
I have a page with only a couple of lines of content. I want the footer to be pushed to the bottom.
<div id="footer"></div>
I don't want to use
#footer
{
position:fixed;
bottom:0;
}
AKA Sticky Footer
Is this possible without jQuery?
any suggestions?
This Flexbox solution is neater and far easier to implement:
HTML
<body>
<div class="content">
content
</div>
<footer class="footer"></footer>
</body>
CSS
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
body {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
.content {
flex: 1 0 auto;
}
.footer {
flex-shrink: 0;
}
Just ensure you wrap the necessary divs inside the body.
Update 2021 - CSS GRID
Here is a solution using CSS Grid, this is by far the best way to do it on 2021.
html, body {
margin: 0;
height: 100%;
}
body {
display: grid;
grid-gap: 10px;
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
grid-template-areas: "main" "footer";
grid-template-rows: 1fr 80px;
}
main {
background-color: #F8BBD0;
grid-area: main;
}
footer {
background-color: #7E57C2;
grid-area: footer;
}
<body>
<main>The content</main>
<footer>Footer</footer>
</body>
Old Answer
There is another sticky footer by Ryan Fait that doesn't use position fixed:
* {
margin: 0;
}
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
.wrapper {
min-height: 100%;
height: auto !important; /* This line and the next line are not necessary unless you need IE6 support */
height: 100%;
margin: 0 auto -155px; /* the bottom margin is the negative value of the footer's height */
}
.footer, .push {
height: 155px; /* .push must be the same height as .footer */
}
Here is a solution that does not require that the footer be placed outside of the main wrapper element, which is how most people structure their pages.
html,
body {
margin: 0;
height: 100%;
}
.wrapper {
box-sizing: border-box;
position: relative;
padding-bottom: 1em; /* Height of footer */
min-height: 100%;
}
header {
background-color: #cff;
}
footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
color: #fff;
background-color: #000;
}
<div class="wrapper">
<header>I am the header.</header>
<article>I am content that doesn't fill the page. The footer will appear at the bottom of the browser window. However, when I do fill the page, you will need to scroll down to see the footer.</article>
<footer>I am the footer.</footer>
</div>
Explanation
The wrapper element will fill 100% of the viewport height. (You could also use 100vh for the wrapper if you don't want to set the height of the html and body elements.) The wrapper also has a bottom padding to create a placeholder for the footer to sit.
The footer is absolutely positioned to the bottom of the wrapper and sits in the placeholder created by the wrapper's bottom padding.
This means that when the page does not have scrollbars, the footer will be positioned at the very bottom. However, when there is enough content for scrollbars to appear, the footer will be pushed down below the content.
(The color and background-color CSS properties in the example are for decoration only, obviously. They are included so that when you run the code, you can clearly see the separated sections.)
Try Sticky Footer Solution by Steve Hatcher
/*
Sticky Footer Solution
by Steve Hatcher
http://stever.ca
http://www.cssstickyfooter.com
*/
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
/* must declare 0 margins on everything, also for main layout components use padding, not
vertical margins (top and bottom) to add spacing, else those margins get added to the total height
and your footer gets pushed down a bit more, creating vertical scroll bars in the browser */
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
#wrap {
min-height: 100%;
}
#main {
overflow: auto;
padding-bottom: 180px;
}
/* must be same height as the footer */
#footer {
position: relative;
margin-top: -180px; /* negative value of footer height */
height: 180px;
clear: both;
}
/*Opera Fix*/
body:before {
/* thanks to Maleika (Kohoutec)*/
content: "";
height: 100%;
float: left;
width: 0;
margin-top: -32767px; /* thank you Erik J - negate effect of float*/
}
/* IMPORTANT
You also need to include this conditional style in the <head> of your HTML file to feed this style to IE 6 and lower and 8 and higher.
<!--[if !IE 7]>
<style type="text/css">
#wrap {display:table;height:100%}
</style>
<![endif]-->
*/
Another way to do this if you don't know the footer size is to use javascript and css
html, body{
height:100%;
height:100%;
}
#footer{
background-color: #292c2f !important;
position:absolute;bottom:0px;
}
and Javascript part
$(document).ready(function(){
if ($(document).height() > $(window).height()) {
$('#footer').css('position', 'relative');
}
});
You can do this with another approach just easily by setting min-height on the tag before your footer tag.
.the-tag-before-footer{
min-height:30%;
}
I tried a lot of approaches, but results were different when page was totally fill or not. The simplest and efficient solution is to use flex.
html, body {height: 100%;}
body {display: flex; flex-direction: column;}
.content {flex: 1 0 auto; padding: 20px;}
.footer {flex-shrink: 0; padding: 20px;}
<div class="content">
<h1>The GOAT Footer with Flexbox</h1>
<p>You can add content to test with a full page</p>
</div>
<footer class="footer">
The GOAT Footer
</footer>
Credits to CSS Trick
First wrap all of your main content in a div element and give it a class of “wrapper” (or call it whatever you want).
HTML:
<body>
<div class="wrapper">
<h1>Main Content</h1>
</div>
<footer>
<p>Footer Content</p>
</footer>
</body>
Now, make sure you give your footer a height.
Then use the calc() function to set the height of your wrapper equal to the height of the viewport (display), minus the height of the footer.
.wrapper {
min-height: calc(100vh - 50px);
}
footer {
height: 50px;
}
Now, if you have extra margins on your wrapper content you will have to increase the amount of pixels you subtract from the viewport height to reflect that. Other than that, this is a super easy and quick fix. No javascript needed, and only two CSS rules.
The problem is simple to solve for anyone using Bootstrap 4 or higher, just include this snippet on your website:
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
if ($('body').height() < $(window).height()) {
$('footer').addClass('position-absolute bottom-0');
} else {
$('footer').addClass('position-static');
}
});
</script>
Here we check if the height of the BODY tag is less than the height of the browser window, if positive we place the footer at the bottom of the page and if negative we make the footer static and it will remain where it is. You don't need to change your current code, you just need to include this javascript in your page or package, remembering that to work the <body> tag must have position: relative, if you haven't changed the tag's "position" property in CSS <body>, you don't need to do anything as it is the default value.
Make sure to include the code after jquery, without jquery it won't work.
If you are not using the <footer> tag, you should change the $('footer') selector as appropriate.
I'm attempting to add the sticky-footer.html example into my bootstrap project.
however there is a clash of code in the body class that is screwing with my layout.
In my page code with bootstrap responsive fixed navbar uses:
body {
padding-top: 60px; /* 60px to make the container go all the way to the bottom of the topbar */
}
In the sticky footer example it uses:
html,
body {
height: 100%;
/* The html and body elements cannot have any padding or margin. */
}
At the moment I have both body tags included in my css. Everything is working except on the desktop page widths versions, with the current css below I get a sticky footer with extra depth, and the page has a vertical scroll bar even though it does not need one? And it's all to do with this body tag clash and the extra 60px.
/* Sticky footer styles
-------------------------------------------------- */
html,
body {
height: 100%;
/* The html and body elements cannot have any padding or margin. */
}
/* Wrapper for page content to push down footer */
#wrap {
min-height: 100%;
height: auto !important;
height: 100%;
/* Negative indent footer by it's height */
margin: 0 auto -190px;
}
/* Set the fixed height of the footer here */
#push,
#footer {
margin-top:20px;
height: 190px;
}
#footer {
background-image:url(assets/img/herringboneLight.jpg);
}
/* Lastly, apply responsive CSS fixes as necessary */
#media (max-width: 767px) {
#footer {
}
}
body {
padding-top: 60px; /* 60px to make the container go all the way to the bottom of the topbar */
}
Cheers
Alex
I don't know which browsers you are trying to support, but a CSS3 solution (actually in IE8+) I believe would be to change the box-sizing on body:
body {
padding-top: 60px;
-moz-box-sizing: padding-box; /* or border-box */
-webkit-box-sizing: padding-box; /* or border-box */
box-sizing: padding-box; /* or border-box */
}
This should cause the height: 100% to include the 60px in the overall amount. It is working in Firefox so, this fiddle has scroll bars, this one does not.