I plotted a map in R but when I export it the size is very small. How can I enlarge the map and still save it as a picture? (I know that I can save it as PDF and then it's a vector graphic - but I need to copy it to Power Point and also need a transparent background - I don't think that is possible with a PDF isn't it?)
As you can see here the map is way to small to use it in a Power Point slide:
If someone knows a good way to save it as vector graph that I can easily use in Power Point that would be perfect as well.
The png() function lets you specify width and height size in the default resolution of "px" and the defaults are 480 and 480. You can also supply a res argument in units of "ppi". If you have text you probably ought to specify point size >= 20 for legibility. I generally save my graphs as PDF and convert to PNG with an external program. However, the latest versions of PowerPoint will accept pdf formats. It is also possible to save as an .eps format.
Related
Is there a way to export a 300dpi tiff of a plotly plot?
I have a sunburst chart I'm trying to export but I can't find a good way to get the resolution I need.
You will need to install orca. Please find the installation instructions here.
Once it is installed you can use plotly's orca() function. The plotly book gives the following information regarding exports specified in inches (DPI):
It’s worth noting that the height and width of a static image must be
specified in pixels, which is intuitive for most file formats (png,
jpeg, svg, etc) but when exporting to pdf, you might want to specify
the size in inches. If you multiply the DPI of your machine’s display
by the number of inches you want, you’ll get the desired result.
Accordingly for 300 DPI you will need something like:
orca(plot_ly(), width = 8 * 300, height = 11 * 300)
Also, you might want to see this related article.
I am in need of a way to increase the resolution of the png files created by saveHTML().
Here is a dummy script of what I am trying to do where in reality plot() is a number of nested loops:
x<-y<-rep(1,10)
saveHTML( for (i in 1:10){
plot.new()
plot.window(xlim=c(0,10),ylim=c(0,10))
plot(x[i],y[i])
}
,ani.dev="png",img.name="test",htmlfile="test")
A few things I have tried:
1) increase the animation size using ani.options(ani.height,ani.width) but I only get a larger grainy image.
2) call png() device inside the saveHTML expression and set the resolution there, but ultimately I dont get any figures.
3) call a new windows() device for plotting and setting the window size, but again this does not increase the resolution.
The most straight forward work-around that I came across is to create hi-res pngs and animate using ffmpeg. But I am not ready to re-work my script just yet.
Has anyone found a way to increase png resolution inside the saveHTML() function?
Instead of passing ani.dev="png", you can pass ani.dev = function(...){png(res=75*grain,...)}, where grain is some number > 1. If you specify the options ani.height and/or ani.width and multiply these values by the same factor grain, then you effectively increase the pixel resolution of the output by this factor.
N.B.: the default resolution 75 above might be machine dependent, I did not see it documented.
First a caveat: I posted this question here on SuperUser, but it is clearly the wrong place to ask R questions. I recognize that it is not directly a programming question, but I believe it can be solved by changing how plots are produced (i.e. by coding appropriately). So I hope readers find this appropriate for the forum.
R plots usually consist entirely of vector graphics elements (i.e. points, lines, polygons, text). R permits you to save your figure (or copy-paste) in various formats including various raster formats, as a PDF, or as a Windows meta-file.
I usually save my images as PDFs and print them. This renders the images exactly as I intended them on paper, in the highest quality. I avoid raster formats (e.g. JPG, TIFF) for printing as inevitably the quality is poorer and publishers prefer vector formats.
However, I need to make a large multi-page desktop published document using Microsoft Word 2007, and therefore using PDFs is not an option. When I import my figures from meta-files, or copy and paste directly from R into Word both the screen and print rendering of the image changes slightly (e.g. polygons and their fills become slightly misaligned).
Given that I want to retain high vector quality (and not use raster formats), what can I do to make R vector graphics work with Word? (Of course Sweave and LaTeX would be nice, but again, not a realistic option).
Consider this example:
plot(c(1:100), c(1:100), pch=20)
## Copy and paste to Word 2007 as Windows metafile
## Print
## Quality is poorer (e.g. dot fills misaligned with borders)
pdf("printsPerfectly.pdf")
plot(c(1:100), c(1:100), pch=20)
dev.off()
## Now print PDF
## Quality is as expected
EDIT: Further to suggestions by #John I produced it as an EPS postscript file (see below), inserted it as a picture into Word. Because ultimately it will be printed from a PDF created from Word, I converted it to a PDF using default Word 2007 settings, printed it on my HP Laserjet P1606dn laser printer, and then took aphotograph to illustrate the issue of polygons borders and fills misaligning (image on left, below). I also produced it directly as PDF from R using pdf() and printed the PDF and took a photograph (image on right, below).
It may seem like small potatoes! But when you have gone to a lot of trouble to achieve high quality, it is disappointing to be thwarted at the end. In addition, it is not really obvious here, but the numerals are not as high-quality (left) as in the PDF (right), disregarding differences in focus on the photograph.
The accepted answer to me is not acceptable, since if one goes to the trouble of making a nice vector based figure, the last thing one would like to do is just rasterize it to a bitmap... Unless it's an increadibly complex graph that takes ages to render in vector format, or something like that, but for most graphs that's not the case.
The best solution is to export to Word directly in native Office vector format. I just made a new package, export, that allows one to do exactly that an allows export of either graphs or statistical tables to Word and Powerpoint, see
https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/export/index.html and for demo see
https://github.com/tomwenseleers/export
For example:
library(devtools)
devtools::install_github("tomwenseleers/export")
library(export)
?graph2ppt
?graph2doc
?table2ppt
?table2doc
## export of ggplot2 plot
library(ggplot2)
qplot(Sepal.Length, Petal.Length, data = iris, color = Species,
size = Petal.Width, alpha = I(0.7))
# export to Word
graph2doc(file="ggplot2_plot.docx", width=7, height=5)
# export to Powerpoint
graph2ppt(file="ggplot2_plot.pptx", width=7, height=5)
You can also export to enhanced metafile using the function
graph2emf(file="ggplot2_plot.emf", width=7, height=5)
but the quality of the native Office format is better.
For final production you can also readily print it to PDF from Powerpoint if need be, and it will stay nicely in vector format then.
Your only option is to use high resolution raster graphics. Once you're over 300 dpi it will be completely indistinguishable from vector printed; it will just make larger files.. Your copy and paste method is coming in at 72 dpi and will look terrible. If you import from a file you can get the resolution in the file and things will be much better. Fortunately Office 2007 is supposed to handle png images, which have the best compression for typical graphs. Let's say you wanted the image 4" wide and 6" high...
png('printsGreat.png', width = 4, height = 6, units = 'in', res = 300)
plot(c(1:100), c(1:100), pch=20)
dev.off()
Also, Office 2007 is supposed to be able to handle EPS files and R postscript files are by default EPS compatible when you print one page.
postscript("printsPerfectly.eps", width = 4, height = 6, horizontal = FALSE, onefile = FALSE)
plot(c(1:100), c(1:100), pch=20)
dev.off()
But if you don't have luck with them go back to the high resolution image.
My preferred solution is to use the windows metafile device for plotting, e.g.:
win.metafile("mygraph.wmf")
print(gg1)
dev.off()
This produces a *.wmf file that can be copy-pasted into the word file.
The devEMF package seems to produce graphics that look nicer than the default wmf when pasted into PowerPoint.
Since I tried to produce png at high res in R and it didn't seem to work on my PC (if I set the resolution higher than, say, 300 dpi, R would produce an error like "cannot start png device"), the way I found was to save the figure using postscript() and then use GSView to convert the ps file into png with 600 dpi resolution. MS Word consumes the png's happily and the quality of print seems to be perfect.
What #Tom Wenseleers said:
The current best answer above to me is not acceptable, since if one
goes to the trouble of making a nice vector based figure, the last
thing one would like to do is just rasterize it to a bitmap... Unless
it's an increadibly complex graph that takes ages to render in vector
format, or something like that, but for most graphs that's not the
case.
For me, there is a new best answer to this question, since graph2ppt and graph2doc tend to move axis labels around (which apparently cannot be fixed; see here: https://github.com/davidgohel/rvg/blob/master/R/body_add_vg.R and here: export::graph2office moves axis labels around).
I think that .svg is the most appropriate vector format for usage with publication graphics. The only drawback is that older versions of e.g. MS Word cannot handle it. IN R, you could use the native graphics::svg - device. However, I'd recommend to use CairoSVG from the Cairo - Package, especially when you are working with non-native fonts (e.g. via the extrafont - package), because in contrast to graphics::svg, Cairo::CairoSVG embeds fonts quite nicely (without relying on GhostScript, if I am right).
If you are working with an older version of MS Word, you could use incscape (a free vector graphic editor) and convert your graph to .wmf, for example (which might be better than printing to .wmf directly, because R rasterizes points when exporting .wmf files).
An example:
## create plot
library (ggplot2)
library (extrafont)
# note: if you want to use other fonts than the standard ones - in this example "ChantillyLH" -
# you must register your fonts via
# font_import () ##run only once (type "y" in the console)
# and
# loadfonts (device = "win") ##run only once.
# Otherwise, the extrafont - package is not needed.
beautiful_plot <-
ggplot (data = iris, mapping = aes (x = Sepal.Length, y = Petal.Length)) +
geom_point () +
theme (text = element_text (size = 18,
family = "ChantillyLH")
)
# export SVG
library (Cairo)
CairoSVG ("My_Path/My_Plot.svg", width = 6, height = 6)
print (beautiful_plot)
dev.off ()
# the resulting SVG-file is in the the "My_Path" - Folder.
In Incscape, it looks like this:
Newer versions of Word can import raster graphics from SVG files. R 3.6.2 has built-in support for creating SVG files with the svg function - no extra packages needed.
Your example then becomes
svg("printsPerfectly.svg", width=4, height=4)
plot(c(1:100), c(1:100), pch=20)
dev.off()
Note that there is a known issue when you try to create PDF files from Word documents with embedded SVG files with thin lines. If you are using thin lines, e.g. with lwd=0.7 somewhere, you need to apply this workaround.
i am plotting some data in R using the following commands:
jj = ts(read.table("overlap.txt"))
pdf(file = "plot.pdf")
plot(jj, ylab="", main="")
dev.off()
The result looks like this:
The problem I have is that the pdf file that I get is quite big (25Mb). Is the a way to reduce the file size? JPEG is not an option because I need a vector graphic.
Take a look at tools::compactPDF - you need to have either qpdf or ghostscript installed, but it can make a huge difference to pdf file size.
If reading a PDF file from disk, there are 3 options for GostScript quality (gs_quality), as indicated in the R help file:
printer (300dpi)
ebook (150dpi)
screen (72dpi)
The default is none. For example to convert all PDFs in folder mypdfs/ to ebook quality, use the command
tools::compactPDF('mypdfs/', gs_quality='ebook')
You're drawing a LOT of lines or points. Vector image formats such as pdf, ps, eps, svg, etc. maintain logical information about all of those points, lines, or other items that increase complexity, which translates to size and drawing time, as the number of points increases. Generally vector images are the best in a number of ways, most compact, scale best, and highest quality reproduction. But, if the number of graphical elements becomes very large then it's often best to go to a raster image format such as png. When you switch to raster it's best to have a good idea what size image you want, both in pixels and also in things like print measurements, in order to produce the best image.
For information from the other direction, too large a raster image, see this answer.
One way of reducing the file size is to reduce the number of values that you have. Assuming you have a dataframe called df:
# take sample of data from dataframe
sampleNo = 10000
sampleData <- df[sample(nrow(df), sampleNo), ]
I think the only other alternative within R is to produce a non-vector. Outside of R you could use Acrobat Professional (which is not free) to optimize the pdf. This can reduce the file size enormously.
Which version of R are you using? In R 2.14.0, pdf() has an argument compress to support compression. I'm not sure how much it can help you, but there are also other tools to compress PDF files such as Pdftk and qpdf. I have two wrappers for them in the animation package, but you may want to use command line directly.
Hard to tell without seeing what the plot looks like - post a screenshot?
I suspect its a lot of very detailed lines and most of the information probably isn't visible - lots of things overlapping or very very small detail. Try thinning your data in one dimension or another. I doubt you'll lose visible information.
How do I export a re-sized version of the output I get from a call to GraphPlot
(or TreePlot if they produce different output) to a jpg file?
Currently, I'm simply calling Export[file_name, G]
where G is the result from a call to something like GraphPlot.
I'm using Microsoft office picture manager to view the jpgs,
but re-scaling them there yields unsatisfactory results due to poor resolution
(the graph I'm trying to plot has strings as labels which can't be made out after rescaling this way). I would like to be able to choose the size/resolution of the rendered jpg.
As Simon already pointed out, don't use a raster-format for a vector-graphics. Instead, export you plot to e.g. a scalable vector graphics:
graph = GraphPlot[ExampleData[{"Matrix", "HB/can_292"}, "Matrix"]];
Export["graph.svg", graph]
The advantage is, that in such an image, you can still adjust and change lines, polygons and colors. And finally, you can export it to an image of arbitrary quality easily.
And remember, for Plots which contain lines, polygons, ... everything with sharp edges you should never use jpg. General speaking, this is a format for photographs only since its compression is made for reducing filesize in natural images. In those images you don't recognize the compression, in images with text, lines and polygons you certainly will notice the artefacts. Use png if possible. Take your browser and zoom into the above image.
You can set both image size and compression level of the exported file by doing something like
Export[file_name, G, ImageSize -> 1200, "CompressionLevel" -> 0]
The best way I find is to use ImageResolution property. It Increases the resolution of exported image but does not change the scale. Use it like this:
Export[ "image-file-name.png", image, ImageResolution -> 500 ]
Set the size of your graph before exporting it:
Graph[theGraph, ImageSize->2000]