When I place a fixed size display-block <span> element inside a <div> it causes a weird margin or padding (I don't know) at the bottom of the <div>. When there is text inside the <span> element, everything is fine. What's the reason for this? How can I fix it? I tested on Firfox and Chrome.
Weird space http://picster.at/img/0/9/6/0968c75ddf29ad07cb71eee2cff472a9.png
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.outer {
background: grey;
padding: 4px;
}
.inner {
display: inline-block;
background: cyan;
height: 40px;
width: 40px;
}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="outer">
<span class="inner">Foo</span>
</div>
<br>
<div class="outer">
<span class="inner"></span>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Update:
Floating would be an alternative to display-block elements. Perfectly valid, however I would like to understand what's wrong with display-block in this example. Also, it doesn't look like a white-space problem to me, as this would only affect margin to the left/right (correct me if I'm wrong).
It is because you are using inline-block;, this is the best example of how inline-block is different from floats
Demo
.outer {
background: grey;
padding: 4px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.inner {
float: left;
background: cyan;
height: 40px;
width: 40px;
}
inline-block leaves whitespace of 4px margin.
More Info
This hack works great for me.
Demo
.inner:after{
content: '\00a0';
}
inline-block is messing it up
If your intention of setting it as inline-block was to set a row of .inner's, set change the inner to block, and float left.
Then use a div with clear: both to fix the issue that normally the floating causes.
Here's your code modified:
<head>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.outer {
background: grey;
padding: 4px;
}
.inner {
display: block;
background: cyan;
height: 40px;
width: 40px;
float: left;
margin-right: 4px;
}
.clear{
clear:both;
}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="outer">
<span class="inner">Foo</span>
<div class="clear"></div>
</div>
<br>
<div class="outer">
<span class="inner"></span>
<span class="inner"></span>
<div class="clear"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
It can be solved by setting the "line-height" of the outer element to 0. This solves pretty much every case.
Don't forget to make sure the inner element doesn't inherit that though, to do this you can just set it to "line-height:initial".
.outer {
background: grey;
padding: 4px;
line-height:0;
}
.inner {
display: inline-block;
background: cyan;
height: 40px;
width: 40px;
line-height:initial;
}
Related
As I was trying to get more familiar with vertical-align property I came across a problem. The default value of the property is baseline, which aligns the baseline of the element with the baseline of its parent. I made the h2 element at the bottom of the code display as inline-block to see how it behaves and that's when I got surprised. Shouldn't it show just right above the border of the body same as the blue box shows, instead of being somewhere in the centre of the body? It looks like aligning those boxes(divs) vertically affects where the baseline of the body is, but why? Please, click "Full page" when running the code snippet to see the behaviour.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Vertical align</title>
<style>
body {border: 1px solid black; line-height: 1;}
.box {
display: inline-block;
width: 150px;
vertical-align: middle;
}
.tall {
height: 300px;
background-color: lightblue;
}
.short {
height: 100px;
background-color: green;
}
.middle {
height: 200px;
background-color: yellow;
}
.square {
display: inline-block;
width: 5px;
height: 5px;
background-color: red;
vertical-align: middle;
}
h2 {display: inline-block;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Vertical Align</h1>
<div class="box tall"></div>
<div class="box short"></div>
<div class="box middle"></div>
<h2>Picture aligned <div class="square"></div> within text</h2>
</body>
</html>
I expected h2 to go down as you can see in the picture below.
I highly recommend reading this vertical-align article to gain in-depth understanding of the property.
The element is aligned this way because baseline aligns it with the baseline of the text inside the parent element.
In your case, the text baseline is pushed down by the large inline-block divs. The h2 aligns with this text. If you want it to align with the bottom of the other inline-elements (as shown in your image), add the style vertical-align: bottom to your h2.
This article explains the different vertical-align values very well:
https://css-tricks.com/what-is-vertical-align/
When you are using inline-block, it is better to handle your elements by positioning them.See my changes in css-style for h2.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Vertical align</title>
<style>
body {border: 1px solid black; line-height: 1;}
.box {
display: inline-block;
width: 100px;
vertical-align: middle;
}
.tall {
height: 300px;
background-color: lightblue;
}
.short {
height: 100px;
background-color: green;
}
.middle {
height: 200px;
background-color: yellow;
}
.square {
display: inline-block;
width: 5px;
height: 5px;
background-color: red;
vertical-align: middle;
}
h2 {
display: inline-block;
width:300px;
size:10px;
vertical-align:bottom;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Vertical Align</h1>
<div class="box tall"></div>
<div class="box short"></div>
<div class="box middle"></div>
<h2>Picture aligned <div class="square"></div> within text</h2>
</body>
</html>
Edit: A note to anyone reading this, the whole reason it didn't work for me is because I was using DOCTYPE TRANSITIONAL. Which no change in HTML or CSS whatsoever, switching to DOCTYPE STRICT made it work. This is true for at least Chrome, FF, and IE8.
I have tried many many solutions offered online and none of them seem to work for me. I am trying to vertical-align an image inside a div (the image is already horizontal-aligned).
The image can be any width and any height (up to 70px) so I can't use a fixed margin or anything like that.
Here is my HTML+CSS:
<head>
<style type="text/css" media="all">
#list ul {
list-style: none;
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}
#list li {
border: 2px solid #DDD;
margin-bottom: 3px;
height: 110px;
}
#image {
width: 75px;
height: 110px;
line-height: 110px;
float: left;
}
#image img {
vertical-align: middle;
display: block;
margin: auto;
}
#event {
margin-left: 75px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id='container'>
<div id="list">
<ul>
<li>
<div id='image'>
<img src='http://sstatic.net/stackoverflow/img/favicon.ico'/>
</div>
<div id='event'>
<h1>Text</h1>
<h2>More Text</h2>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<div id='image'>
<img src='http://sstatic.net/stackoverflow/img/favicon.ico'/>
</div>
<div id='event'>
<h1>Text</h1>
<h2>More Text</h2>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
You can't use vertical-align on a block element. An image is usually an inline element, but you have yours explicitly set to display: block. Remove that, and set the line-height of the parent div to the div's height.
Works here: http://jsfiddle.net/YnzR9/1/
#image {
width: 75px;
height: 100%;
float: left;
line-height: 110px;
text-align: center;
}
#image img {
vertical-align: middle;
}
Set the "line-height" of the div to the same value as the height of the div.
Update: Assuming you want the image vertically aligned and centered, use the following.
#image {
width: 75px;
height: 110px;
float: left;
line-height: 110px;
text-align:center;
}
#image img {
vertical-align: middle;
}
I have been trying this for sometime now.
What I am trying is a 3 column layout using div as below:
Header
body - 3 columns (left, center, right)
footer
sample i used:
HTML:
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="header">
<h1>Header</h1>
</div>
<div id="left">
Port side text...
</div>
<div id="right">
Starboard side text...
</div>
<div id="middle">
Middle column text...
</div>
<div id="footer">
Footer text...
</div>
</body>
CSS:
body {
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}
div#header {
clear: both;
height: 50px;
background-color: aqua;
padding: 1px;
}
div#left {
float: left;
width: 150px;
background-color: red;
}
div#right {
float: right;
width: 150px;
background-color: green;
}
div#middle {
padding: 0px 160px 5px 160px;
margin: 0px;
background-color: silver;
}
div#footer {
clear: both;
background-color: yellow;
}
The issue that I am facing is that, whenever I resize the window, the div starts to shrink - which I dont want to happen.
I want layout something like http://www.w3schools.com/
where when I resize the window, the div doesnot shrink but rather doesnot show the other columns.
Any help is appreciated.
Set the min-width property to stop an element shrinking.
I would suggest you to wrap all divs around one which is with some fixed width or min-width set (as someone else suggest).
I have two divs, the right one is 80px wide the other should fill up the remaining space. So far I tried:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>#{get 'title' /}</title>
<style type="text/css">
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
#left {
position: relative;
margin-right: 80px;
background-color: red;
}
#right {
float: right;
position: relative;
text-align: left;
width: 80px;
background-color: yellow;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="left">
Left
</div>
<div id="right">
Right
</div>
</body>
</html>
However, the right box is always put below the left box and not right to it. I guess it is because of the margin. I also tried a margin-left: -80px on the right one but this doesnt seem to change anything. So how do I have to change the CSS so that the right div is in the same line as the left div?
Have the right div before the left.
<div id="right">
Right
</div>
<div id="left">
Left
</div>
Working Example
Alternatively, if you're looking for the LEFT div to remain at a static width and the RIGHT div to expand and contract with the size of the page, you'd use the following code:
.left {
float: left;
position: relative;
width: 80px;
background-color: red;
}
.right {
position: relative;
text-align: left;
margin-left: 80px;
background-color: yellow;
}
And the HTML would be...
<div class="left">Left</div>
<div class="right">Right</div>
That's because div is a block element, meaning it will always break the flow. What you can do is change both the div's display to inline and float to left.
You can change the position:relative; of #right to position:absolute;top:0;right:0;.
This will position the element in the right-top corner of its parent.
Example: http://jsfiddle.net/WaQGW/
Nowadays it can be done with flex.
Set container's (body in this case) display property to flex, then set width of left div to 100%.
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
display: flex;
}
#left {
background-color: red;
width: 100%;
}
#right {
width: 80px;
background-color: yellow;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>#{get 'title' /}</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="left">
Left
</div>
<div id="right">
Right
</div>
</body>
</html>
When I create an HTML div element with no content, it disappears.
When the div is populated, like this HTML, then it works right.
<!doctype html>
<head>
<style>
.nav {
width: 26%;
display: inline;
float: left;
margin-left: 2%;
margin-right: 2%;
background-color: #FF0000;
}
.content {
width: 56%;
display: inline;
float: left;
margin-left: 2%;
margin-right: 2%;
background-color: #0000FF;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 600px;">
<div class="nav"><p>nav</p></div>
<div class="content"><p>content</p></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
I get the following (expected) output:
However, if I change the div element with the class = nav to no content:
<div class="nav"></div>
The red box disappears:
It's like there is no div there! How can I always have the program show the div with no content?
When the div is empty the element has no height. So what's actually happening is that it's there but has 0 height.
You could put something in it (like or give it height and/or line-height. I'd suggest giving the other div the same height.
Put a non-breaking space in it. That's what I do when I need something, but not nothing. You may also be able to give it an explicit height to get the same result.
Make sure the contains some kind of content. is usually the best. It ensures that there is at least something for the browser to display/render. This also might be a cause of your DTD.
Another thing that call cause this is improperly nested tags or tags that are not closed.
Make sure all tags are properly nested and closed.
This approach lets the div be empty, by using inline-block display. You force the height.
CSS:
.nav {
width: 26%;
height: 2em;
display: inline-block;
float: left;
background-color: #FF0000;
}
.content {
width: 56%;
height:2em;
display: inline-block;
background-color: #0000FF;
}
HTML:
<div style="width: 600px;">
<div class="nav"></div>
<div class="content"><p>content</p></div>
</div>
Alix,
you need to add a height value to the class .nav
<!doctype html>
<head>
<style>
.nav {
width: 26%;
height: 50px;
display: inline;
float: left;
margin-left: 2%;
margin-right: 2%;
background-color: #FF0000;
}
.content {
width: 56%;
display: inline;
float: left;
margin-left: 2%;
margin-right: 2%;
background-color: #0000FF;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 600px;">
<div class="nav"></div>
<div class="content"><p>content</p></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
after you add a height value also add a display property to the nav class like:
height:1em;
display:block;