I am having list of css files and every css file has different image location code written like url(../_images/headerImages.jpg), now I am placing my images to some other domain therefore I want to create a variable like var domainPath = http://sitename.com so that at every url(../) I could write something like url(domainPath+ '/images/headerImages.jpg').
Example
var DOMAIN_PATH = http://www.mysite.com;
#header {background: url(DOMAIN_PATH/_images/headerimage.jpg)no-repeat; }
Please help me..
You cannot use variables in plain CSS. I suggest using a CSS preprocessor which is a language that compiled to CSS. SASS is fantastic and you can do what you ask like so:
$domainpath: url(http://www.mysite.com/_images/bg-header-noodletools-express.jpg);
#header {background: $domainpath no-repeat; }
Another alternative is LESS.
As mentioned in https://ishadeed.com/article/css-vars-101/ and others, it is possible to use variables in CSS now.
You can do:
:root {
--domainpath: url(http://www.yourdomain.com/_images/bg-header-noodletools-express.jpg);
}
#header {
background: var(--domainpath) no-repeat;
}
Unfortunately, CSS is not dynamic but you can do something like this:
store your URLs in the: root selector Which represents the root element and is identical to the selector html, except that its specificity is higher.
use the URL variable
:root {
/* define your variables here */
--url1: url(http://sitename.com/image1);
--url2: url(http://sitename.com/image2);
}
.img {
background-image: var(--url2);
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
}
Full source code: here
Related
I receive a configuration JSON that has colors and the paths of the images that I must use in my CSS, I correctly set the variables in the html and it would have a result similar to this:
<html lang="en" style="
--c-logo-square:https://linkener-design-tokens.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/localhost/temp%20belike%20small.png;
--c-background-image:https://linkener-design-tokens.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/localhost/mainBg.png;
--c-primary:green;
--c-secondary:purple;">
I can use the color variables correctly, but I don't know how to use the image paths as background.
// Works
.my-html-component {
color: var(--c-primary);
}
// Error
logo {
background: url(var(--c-background-image));
}
When working with Angular and SCSS I understand that I could use some function that allows me to do what I need, but I don't know how to do it.
Instead of defining url in the attribute, define it as a part of the variable. Dont forget to add :root.
:root {
--c-background-image:url(https://linkener-design-tokens.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/localhost/mainBg.png);
}
.logo {
background: var(--c-background-image);
width:500px;
height:500px;
}
<div class="logo"></div>
I'm looking into LESS because I definitely see some of their benefits. For instance colour declaration.
One thing I don't understand tho, and maybe I'm not getting the flow right is - why use the following LESS snippet
.radius {
-webkit-border-radius:5px;
-moz-border-radius:5px;
border-radius:5px;
}
.btn-red{
background-color:red;
.radius;
}
.btn-green{
background-color:green;
.radius;
}
...
When we can use the .radius class in the html file right away. I'm left with the impression that LESS will add a ton of duplicate code once it gets compiled.
I'm using the following, which makes more sense. Same with font-size, margins, etc... Aren't classes used in such cases?
<div class="btn-red radius">Cancel</div>
<div class="btn-green radius">Go</div>
The snippet above does not benefit from SASS/LESS capabilities that much. Lets have a closer look and check this SCSS snippet.
// Abstract placeholder.
%radius {
border-radius: 5px;
}
// Put your global styling here.
// I'm assuming that you can alter the markup and have button.btn.btn-green
.btn {
// Color modifier.
&-red {
#extend %radius;
background-color: red;
}
&-green {
#extend %radius;
background-color: green;
}
}
The CSS output will be:
.btn-red, .btn-green {
border-radius: 5px;
}
.btn-red {
background-color: red;
}
.btn-green {
background-color: green;
}
And then you have to pick up Autoprefixer and vendor-prefixes issue is solved once and for all.
Because now, you can just specify the class btn_red or btn_green and all the buttons will automatically have a radius.
Your HTML should contain only the semantics, and styling or classes referring to styling should not be part of it.
That applies to the other classes as well. If for instance, you would rename btn_red to btn_cancel, you have a meaningful classname that you can apply to any kind of cancel button. And in the CSS you can specify that a cancel button is red and a 'Go' button is green, and both have a radius, without needing to modify the HTML at all.
So, the ultimate goal is to have the HTML describe the structure and the CSS describe how that structure should look. And a CSS preprocessor is only their to make a bulky spaghetti-like CSS file more structured.
There are several benefits.
You can use more semantic class names. Rather than encoding style information directly in your class names, (btn-red, radius) you could use a single class that conveys the usage of the style, rather than its contents.
You can avoid repeating yourself.
#radius-size: 5px;
-webkit-border-radius:#radius-size;
-moz-border-radius:#radius-size;
border-radius:#radius-size;
You can parameterize it so that you'd be able to use different radiuses (radii?) in different contexts.
.radius(#radius-size) { ... }
Because there are cases that developer has-no-access or don't-want to change the markup. and the only solution is to include all props from a predefined class.
for example:
you have bootstrap loaded (then you already have .has-success and .has-error classes) and if you want to use HTML5's native form validation using input's :valid and :invalid states, you have to use JavaScript to add/remove success/error classes based on input's states. but with this feature of LESS you can include all props of success/error class inside input's states. the code for this example could be something like this:
#myinput {
&:valid { .has-success; }
&:invalid { .has-error; }
}
I have 31 icons of a calendar one for each day of the month and my css looks not as good as I would like. Right now I've:
.icon-agenda.day-1, .icon-agenda.day-1:before{
background: url(../images/tiles/agenda/1.png) no-repeat;
}
.icon-agenda.day-2, .icon-agenda.day-2:before{
background: url(../images/tiles/agenda/2.png) no-repeat;
}
.icon-agenda.day-3, .icon-agenda.day-3:before{
background: url(../images/tiles/agenda/3.png) no-repeat;
}
.icon-agenda.day-4, .icon-agenda.day-4:before{
background: url(../images/tiles/agenda/4.png) no-repeat;
}
...
.icon-agenda.day-31, .icon-agenda.day-31:before{
background: url(../images/tiles/agenda/31.png) no-repeat;
}
I would like to replace the above code with something more simple like
.icon-agenda.day-xxx, .icon-agenda.day-xxx:before{
background: url(../images/tiles/agenda/xxx.png) no-repeat;
}
Can I do something like this in CSS?
There's no way (yet) to do this in native CSS. You could use a preprocessor like LESS, but that would generate the same output, only with the added hassle of compiling it, so your current method is the most optimal one as far as this layout goes.
One possible optimization could be to create an entire sprite from all of the images, set it as a background-image for all items with 1 selector like [class*=".icon-agenda.day-"], [class*=".icon-agenda.day-"]:before, and alter the background-position of the separate elements. This would save you requests meaning a faster page load.
As per your comment about using JavaScript, here's a solution that will add an extra <style> tag to the <head> of the page with your CSS:
var styl = document.createElement('style');
for (var i=1; i<=31; i++)
styl.innerHTML += '.icon-agenda.day-'+i+',.icon-agenda.day-'+i+':before{background:url(../images/tiles/agenda/'+i+'.png) no-repeat}';
document.head.appendChild(styl);
At some point in the future, you will be able to do
background-image: attr(data-png url);
which would take the URL from the data-png attribute of each element.
Right now it only works with the content CSS property.
See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/attr.
It is very convenient to style input tags using their IDs as they have more precedence weight than classes have.
For example, I have a default width for input.text elements in a specific container:
.details .metadata input.text { width: 200px; }
To change the width for a specific page, it's more convenient to use the ID instead of the long selector above:
#my_input { width: 150px; }
Now I have automatically generated input fields somewhere in my app (generated using form_for and nested_attributes_for in Ruby On Rails) which generates IDs like so:
#event_rules_attributes_0_interval
#event_rules_attributes_1_interval
#event_rules_attributes_2_interval
...etc...
and
#event_rules_attributes_0_count
#event_rules_attributes_1_count
#event_rules_attributes_2_count
...etc...
So I need to use an ID selector like "begins with event_rules_attributes_" AND "ends with _count" or "begins with event_rules_attributes_" AND "ends with _interval". I know that there are the [id$=] and [id^=] matchers, but can they be combined somehow?
Just found it out myself:
[id^='event_rules_attributes_'][id$='_interval'] { width: 150px; }
Seems a bit ugly, but works.
I am using the LESS styling language.
Consider the following CSS:
.side-bg
{
background:url(../img/layout/side-bg.jpg) top no-repeat;
}
Right now all of my images are in the folder ../img/ I wanted to be able to set a variable as the image path and use it like so:
#image-path: ../img;
.side-bg
{
background:url(#image-path/layout/side-bg.jpg) top no-repeat;
}
This does not work however. Its not a huge deal, I could always use find and replace if the image folder ever changed. I am just starting to learn LESS and was wondering if something like this is possible.
Try using string interpolation for things like this. Look for “variable interpolation” in docs.
#base-url: "http://assets.fnord.com";
background-image: url("#{base-url}/images/bg.png");
The solution:
.side-bg
{
background : ~"url( '#{image-path}/layout/side-bg.jpg' )" top no-repeat;
}
I was searching for the same question and found this page. Thought I would post my solution as someone else might find it useful...
#iconpath: '/myicons/';
.icon (#icon) {
background: no-repeat url('#{iconpath}#{icon}');
}
.icon-foo { .icon('foo.png'); }
.icon-bar { .icon('bar.png'); }
.icon-spuds { .icon('spuds.png'); }
which compiles to (used http://winless.org/online-less-compiler)
.icon-foo {
background: no-repeat url('/myicons/foo.png');
}
.icon-bar {
background: no-repeat url('/myicons/bar.png');
}
.icon-spuds {
background: no-repeat url('/myicons/spuds.png');
}
Here is an updated and clean way to handle image paths with LESS:
Start with your variable:
#imagePath: ~"../images/bg/";
Then use it like this:
.main-bg {
background: url('#{imagePath}my-background-image.png') repeat scroll left top;
}
Make sure the #imagePath variable points to the images folder from wherever you have your compiled CSS, NOT from where you have your LESS files. Also, you have to escape the address in the variable as in the example above to ensure that it does not get rewritten by less.js.
Anton Strogonoff's answer is good but be aware of the Issue #294:
Using the above which comes straight from the docs, I get url://pathtolessfile/variable I set. Even though I'm trying to set an absolute URL instead of a relative one. For example this works
#base-url: "../../images/";
#background-image : url ("#{base-url}/bg.png");
But this does not work
$base-url: "http://localhost/ns/assets/images/";
#background-image : url ("#{base-url}/bg.png";
In the latter example, my final source path becomes
http://localhost/ns/assets/css/libs/http://localhost/ns/assets/images/bg.png
Relative urls can be handled by the command line compiler, supposedly. There's probably some similar option you can set in the file watcher.
https://github.com/cloudhead/less.js/wiki/Command-Line-Usage
EDIT: There totally is. Just look: http://lesscss.org/usage/#command-line-usage-options
relativeUrls: true