I'm plotting a graph using this
plot(dates,returns)
I would like to have the returns expressed as percentages instead of numbers. 0.1 would become 10%. Also, the numbers on the y-axis appear tilted 90 degrees on the left. Is it possible to make them appear horizontally?
Here is one way using las=TRUE to turn the labels on the y-axis and axis() for the new y-axis with adjusted labels.
dates <- 1:10
returns <- runif(10)
plot(dates, returns, yaxt="n")
axis(2, at=pretty(returns), lab=pretty(returns) * 100, las=TRUE)
If you use ggplot you can use the scales package.
library(scales)
plot + scale_y_continuous(labels = percent)
library(scales)
dates <- 1:100
returns <- runif(100)
yticks_val <- pretty_breaks(n=5)(returns)
plot(dates, returns, yaxt="n")
axis(2, at=yticks_val, lab=percent(yticks_val))
Highlights:
No need to explicitly add "%"
Manually fix the number of y-ticks to be consistent with further plots. Here I chose 5.
Combining two answers together #rengis #vladiim
How can I plot a degree graoh like that?
The picture is only indicative, the result may not be identical to the image.
The important thing is that on the X axis there are labels of the nodes and on the Y axis the degree of each node.
Then the degree can be represented as a histogram (figure), with points, etc., it is not important.
This is what I tried to do and did not come close to what I want:
d = degree(net, mode="all")
hist(d)
or
t = table(degree(net))
plot(t, xlim=c(1,77), ylim=c(0, 40), xlab="Degree", ylab="Frequency")
I think it is a trivial thing but it's the first time I use R.
Thank you
This is what I have now:
I would like a graph that was more readable (I have 77 bars). That is, with more space between the bars and between the labels.
My aim is to show how a node (Valjean) has higher value than the other, I don't know if I am using the right graphic..
You can just use a barplot and specify the row names. For example,
net = rgraph(10)
rownames(net) = colnames(net) = LETTERS[1:10]
d = degree(net)
barplot(d, names.arg = rownames(net))
This is my script and the graph produced. I have made a gap between 7-29.8. But How can I display the y-axis values at 7 and 30? The axis only shows 1-6, instead of 0-7 , 30 as intended.
gap.boxplot(Km, gap=list(top=c(7,30), bottom=c(NA,NA), axis(side=2, at=c(0,29.8), labels= F)),
ylim=c(0,30), axis.labels=T, ylab="Km (mM)", plot=T, axe=T,
col=c("red","blue","black"))
abline(h=seq(6.99,7.157,.001), col="white")
axis.break(2, 7.1,style="slash")
You can call the axis function again to plot the marks at c(0:7,30)
axis(2,c(0:7,30)
But because you have a gap between 7 and 30, anything beyond 7 will have to be shifted in the plot. In general, a mark at position y will have to be moved downwards to y-gap.width, or y-(30-7) in your case.
So you can do this to plot your marks:
axis(2, labels=c(0:7,30), at=c(0:7,30-(30-7)))
It's hard to replicate the plot without example data. But I think this worth a try and should work.
axis(2,labels=c(0:7), at=c(0:7)) # build first gap marker '7'
then separately add the second gap marker
axis(2, labels=c(30), at=7*(1+0.01)) # the interval (0.01) could be different, test to find the best one to fit your plot
I'm plotting a graph using this
plot(dates,returns)
I would like to have the returns expressed as percentages instead of numbers. 0.1 would become 10%. Also, the numbers on the y-axis appear tilted 90 degrees on the left. Is it possible to make them appear horizontally?
Here is one way using las=TRUE to turn the labels on the y-axis and axis() for the new y-axis with adjusted labels.
dates <- 1:10
returns <- runif(10)
plot(dates, returns, yaxt="n")
axis(2, at=pretty(returns), lab=pretty(returns) * 100, las=TRUE)
If you use ggplot you can use the scales package.
library(scales)
plot + scale_y_continuous(labels = percent)
library(scales)
dates <- 1:100
returns <- runif(100)
yticks_val <- pretty_breaks(n=5)(returns)
plot(dates, returns, yaxt="n")
axis(2, at=yticks_val, lab=percent(yticks_val))
Highlights:
No need to explicitly add "%"
Manually fix the number of y-ticks to be consistent with further plots. Here I chose 5.
Combining two answers together #rengis #vladiim
I want to plot a barplot of some data with some x-axis labels but so far I just keep running into the same problem, as the axis scaling is completely off limits and therefore my labels are wrongly positioned below the bars.
The most simple example I can think of:
x = c(1:81)
barplot(x)
axis(side=1,at=c(0,20,40,60,80),labels=c(20,40,60,80,100))
As you can see, the x-axis does not stretch along the whole plot but stops somewhere in between. It seems to me as if the problem is quite simple, but I somehow I am not able to fix it and I could not find any solution so far :(
Any help is greatly appreciated.
The problem is that barplot is really designed for plotting categorical, not numeric data, and as such it pretty much does its own thing in terms of setting up the horizontal axis scale. The main way to get around this is to recover the actual x-positions of the bar midpoints by saving the results of barplot to a variable, but as you can see below I haven't come up with an elegant way of doing what you want in base graphics. Maybe someone else can do better.
x = c(1:81)
b <- barplot(x)
## axis(side=1,at=c(0,20,40,60,80),labels=c(20,40,60,80,100))
head(b)
You can see here that the actual midpoint locations are 0.7, 1.9, 3.1, ... -- not 1, 2, 3 ...
This is pretty quick, if you don't want to extend the axis from 0 to 100:
b <- barplot(x)
axis(side=1,at=b[c(20,40,60,80)],labels=seq(20,80,by=20))
This is my best shot at doing it in base graphics:
b <- barplot(x,xlim=c(0,120))
bdiff <- diff(b)[1]
axis(side=1,at=c(b[1]-bdiff,b[c(20,40,60,80)],b[81]+19*bdiff),
labels=seq(0,100,by=20))
You can try this, but the bars aren't as pretty:
plot(x,type="h",lwd=4,col="gray",xlim=c(0,100))
Or in ggplot:
library(ggplot2)
d <- data.frame(x=1:81)
ggplot(d,aes(x=x,y=x))+geom_bar(stat="identity",fill="lightblue",
colour="gray")+xlim(c(0,100))
Most statistical graphics nerds will tell you that graphing quantitative (x,y) data is better done with points or lines rather than bars (non-data-ink, Tufte, blah blah blah :-) )
Not sure exactly what you wnat, but If it is to have the labels running from one end to the other evenly places (but not necessarily accurately), then:
x = c(1:81)
bp <- barplot(x)
axis(side=1,at=bp[1+c(0,20,40,60,80)],labels=c(20,40,60,80,100))
The puzzle for me was why you wanted to label "20" at 0. But this is one way to do it.
I run into the same annoying property of batplots - the x coordinates go wild. I would add one another way to show the problem, and that is adding more lines to the plot.
x = c(1:81)
barplot(x)
axis(side=1,at=c(0,20,40,60,80),labels=c(20,40,60,80,100))
lines(c(81,81), c(0, 100)) # this should cross the last bar, but it does not
The best I came with was to define a new barplot function that will take also the parameter "at" for plotting positions of the bars.
barplot_xscaled <- function(bar_heights, at = NA, width = 0.5, col = 'grey'){
if ( is.na(at) ){
at <- c(1:length(bar_heights))
}
plot(bar_heights, type="n", xlab="", ylab="",
ylim=c(0, max(bar_heights)), xlim=range(at), bty = 'n')
for ( i in 1:length(bar_heights)){
rect(at[i] - width, 0, at[i] + width, bar_heights[i], col = col)
}
}
barplot_xscaled(x)
lines(c(81, 81), c(0, 100))
The lines command crosses the last bar - the x scale works just as naively expected, but you could also now define whatever positions of the bars you would like (you could play more with the function a bit to have the same properties as other R plotting functions).