How to draw over QLabel in Qt - qt

I have to create one screen in Qt in which I have to show a remote having lots of buttons in it and when user clicks some button on actual remote, corresponding button in the image get highlighted. So what I have done is, I have used QLabel and set the remote image as background image and then I have put small rectangular label for each button and filled them with semi transparent color and when user click button in actual remote label color changes, but by using this method lot of labels are getting used making code looking inefficient, so I was thinking of drawing on QLabel (which has a remote as background image) over buttons.
Can anybody suggest me, which API of Qt should I use, and how to follow up on this?

I believe QGraphics is the correct route for a completely custom graphical interface, but if you want to try something that doesn't require you to change too much of your existing approach, you can do a widget with a custom paint event:
This is written in PyQt but you can easily translate to Qt
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class LabelButton(QtGui.QWidget):
clicked = QtCore.pyqtSignal()
def __init__(self, labelStr, pixStr, parent=None):
super(LabelButton, self).__init__(parent)
self.label = labelStr
self.pix = QtGui.QPixmap(pixStr)
def paintEvent(self, event):
super(LabelButton, self).paintEvent(event)
rect = event.rect()
painter = QtGui.QPainter(self)
painter.drawPixmap(rect, self.pix)
pos = (rect.bottomLeft()+rect.bottomRight()) / 2
pos.setY(pos.y()-10)
painter.drawText(pos, self.label)
painter.end()
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
event.accept()
self.clicked.emit()
def handleClick():
print "CLICK"
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QtGui.QApplication([])
widget = LabelButton("A Text Label", "myImage.png")
widget.resize(600,400)
widget.show()
widget.raise_()
widget.clicked.connect(handleClick)
app.exec_()
This is a rough example. You can get more fine tuned with the drawing of the text. This widget takes a label string, and a picture path, and will paint the picture as the background, and the text as a label. You can do any number of things with this custom widget in both the paint event, and with custom signals and events.

I have used this code to Draw over Image in Label:
Image is loaded in Ui and the Code is as follows In paintevent
void ColorTab::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *e){
ui->lbl_capture_img->setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy::Ignored, QSizePolicy::Ignored);
ui->Lbl_color_tab_WG->setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy::Ignored, QSizePolicy::Ignored);
Cap_Image = QImage(ui->lbl_capture_img->pixmap()->toImage());
Lbl_Image = QImage(ui->Lbl_color_tab_WG->pixmap()->toImage());
QPainter painter_Lbl(&Lbl_Image);
QPainter painter_Cap(&Cap_Image);
QPen pen(Qt::white, 5, Qt::DotLine, Qt::RoundCap, Qt::RoundJoin);
painter_Lbl.setPen(pen);
painter_Cap.setPen(pen);
painter_Lbl.drawPolygon(blinkRect_Lbl);
painter_Cap.drawPolygon(blinkRect_Cap);
ui->lbl_capture_img->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(Cap_Image));
ui->Lbl_color_tab_WG->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(Lbl_Image));
painter_Cap.end();
painter_Lbl.end();
}

Related

How to avoid over-packing non-srolling Qt layouts?

A Qt packing layout, such as QVBoxLayout, can pack widgets inside it, such as buttons. In this case, they will be packed vertically as shown in image below:
When we pack too many widgets inside such a layout, and since scrolling is not added by default, the buttons will eventually get squeezed onto each other up to a point that they will overlap, as shown below:
My questions are:
How to tell Qt to not show/pack widgets beyond the available viewing space in the non-scrolling layout?
How to handle the case when the window is resized? I.e. Qt should add/remove widgets accordingly. E.g. if there is extra space available, then perhaps Qt should add some extra widgets that it couldn't add previously.
To be specific: "too many packed widgets" is when the widgets start invading spaces of other widgets, including their inter-widget spacings or margins.
Appendix
Images above are generated by this code below as run in a tile in i3, which is a modified version of this.
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets
app = QtWidgets.QApplication([])
widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(widget)
for i in range(40):
layout.addWidget(QtWidgets.QPushButton(str(i + 1)))
widget.show()
app.exec_()
When too many widgets are packed:
If the window is tiled, you see them overcrowded as in in the image.
If the window is floating, the window will keep growing until it is no longer fully visible in the monitor.
None of these outcomes are acceptable in my case. My goal is to have Qt only pack as much as will be visible, and add/remove/hide/show dynamically as the window gets resized.
Try this code. It does not rely on QVBoxLayout but it basically does the same as this layout. It hides the child widgets which are outside of the area. There are no partially visible widgets.
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
class Container(QtWidgets.QWidget):
_spacing = 5
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super().__init__(parent)
y = self._spacing
for i in range(40):
button = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Button" + str(i + 1), self)
button.move(self._spacing, y)
y += button.sizeHint().height() + self._spacing
def resizeEvent(self, event):
super().resizeEvent(event)
for child in self.children():
if isinstance(child, QtWidgets.QWidget):
child.resize(self.width() - 2 * self._spacing, child.height())
child.setVisible(child.geometry().bottom() < self.height())
app = QtWidgets.QApplication([])
w = Container()
w.resize(500, 500)
w.show()
app.exec_()
Note that is in fact does not add nor remove widgets dynamically, this would be much more code and it would probably be very depending on your specific use case. Moreover it feels as a premature optimization. Unless you really need it, do not do it.
UPDATE:
I experimented with the code above and proposed some improvements. I especially wanted to make it responsive to changes in child widgets. The problem is that if the child widget changes it size, the parent container must be re-layouted. The code above does not react in any way. To make it responsive, we need to react to LayoutRequest event. Note that in the code below, I have created three types of buttons - one add a line to itself, other increases font size, and yet another decreases font size.
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets
def changeFontSize(increment):
font = QtWidgets.QApplication.font()
font.setPointSize(font.pointSize() + increment)
QtWidgets.QApplication.setFont(font)
class Container(QtWidgets.QWidget):
_spacing = 5
_children = [] # maintains the order of creation unlike children()
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super().__init__(parent)
for i in range(100):
child = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self)
child.installEventFilter(self)
# these are just to test various changes in child widget itself to force relayout
r = i % 3
if r == 0:
text = "New line"
onClicked = lambda state, w=child: w.setText(w.text() + "\nclicked")
elif r == 1:
text = "Bigger font"
onClicked = lambda: changeFontSize(1)
elif r == 2:
text = "Smaller font"
onClicked = lambda: changeFontSize(-1)
child.setText(text)
child.clicked.connect(onClicked)
self._children.append(child)
def resizeEvent(self, event):
super().resizeEvent(event)
self._relayout()
def event(self, event):
if event.type() == QtCore.QEvent.LayoutRequest:
self._relayout()
return super().event(event)
def _relayout(self):
y = self._spacing
for child in self._children:
h = child.sizeHint().height()
child.move(self._spacing, y)
child.resize(self.width() - 2 * self._spacing, h)
y += h + self._spacing
child.setVisible(y < self.height())
app = QtWidgets.QApplication([])
w = Container()
w.resize(500, 500)
w.show()
app.exec_()
This code is satisfactory, however it is not perfect. I have observed that when the container is being re-layouted and some of the child widgets will change its visibility state, re-layouting is called again. This is not needed but I have not discovered how to prevent it.
Maybe there is some better way...

How to support high-res pixmap in qgraphicsproxywidget when zooming

I have a qgraphicsview with a scene that contains a qgraphicsproxywidget. The widget currently shows some hi-res images in a square about 25x25 via QPixmap. I'm looking for the proper approach to support zooming in on the image without deteriorating its resolution so much. I've found hints that it might be possible by overriding the paint method (ie derive from QPixmap then override paint method), or by using QImage, or some configuration options (I have tried setSmoothRendering on the QGraphicsView but this only helps a little), but it's not clear if these techniques apply when the image is in a widget in a graphics view.
I wrote the following program (actually, my colleague Colin did, I simplified it for posting) that shows the technique I use. Once you save the attached image and run the program, position the mouse over the pixmap, and press + several times to zoom in: notice how the pixmap is pixelated, whereas the text is perfect.
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.Qt import QPixmap
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QGraphicsScene, QWidget,
QGraphicsView, QGraphicsProxyWidget, QLabel, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout)
class TestGraphicsWidget(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setupUi(self)
def setupUi(self, TEST):
TEST.resize(400, 300)
self.verticalLayout = QVBoxLayout(TEST)
self.widget = QWidget(TEST)
self.horizontalLayout = QHBoxLayout(self.widget)
self.image_label = QLabel(self.widget)
self.image_label.setStyleSheet("border: 2px solid red;")
self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.image_label)
self.text_label1 = QLabel(self.widget)
self.text_label1.setStyleSheet("border: 2px solid red;")
self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.text_label1)
self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.widget)
self.text_label2 = QLabel(TEST)
self.text_label2.setStyleSheet("border: 2px solid red;")
self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.text_label2)
TEST.setWindowTitle("Form")
self.text_label1.setText("TEXT LABEL 1")
self.text_label2.setText("TEXT LABEL 2")
class TestView(QGraphicsView):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
scene = QGraphicsScene(self)
scene.setItemIndexMethod(QGraphicsScene.NoIndex)
scene.setSceneRect(-400, -400, 800, 800)
self.setScene(scene)
self.setCacheMode(QGraphicsView.CacheBackground)
self.setViewportUpdateMode(QGraphicsView.BoundingRectViewportUpdate)
self.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)
self.setTransformationAnchor(QGraphicsView.AnchorUnderMouse)
self.setResizeAnchor(QGraphicsView.AnchorViewCenter)
test_widget = TestGraphicsWidget()
test_widget.image_label.setFixedSize(25, 25)
test_widget.image_label.setScaledContents(True)
test_widget.image_label.setPixmap(QPixmap(r"chicken.jpg"))
proxy = QGraphicsProxyWidget()
proxy.setWidget(test_widget)
proxy.setPos(-100, -100)
scene.addItem(proxy)
self.scale(0.8, 0.8)
self.setMinimumSize(400, 400)
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
key = event.key()
if key == Qt.Key_Plus:
self.scaleView(1.2)
elif key == Qt.Key_Minus:
self.scaleView(1 / 1.2)
else:
super().keyPressEvent(event)
def scaleView(self, scaleFactor):
self.scale(scaleFactor, scaleFactor)
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
app = QApplication([])
widget = TestView()
widget.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
Although this is not all that surprising because the pixmap is downsampled into a 25x25 square of pixels then scaled up by the view, I wouldn't be surprised if there is a qt-specific technique I'm missing, like perhaps something that can be done by overriding the paint of QPixmap to take into account the current scale of the view. I have no choice about using QGraphicsView or embedding an image in a QGraphicsProxyWidget, but I have freedom on image format, the configuration of view or the class to use to load the image into qt, etc.
Any help would be really appreciated.
You appear to be asking: how do I downscale a 600x600 jpg to 25x25 without pixelation? The answer to which is obviously: you can't.
If you put a crappy little 25x25 jpg image in a graphics-view and wind the scale in and out, it's just like standing closer or further away from it. The image doesn't change at all: only your view of it does. And the closer you are to it, the more its intrinsic crappiness is revealed.
So one solution would appear to be: start with a much bigger subject. Resize the widget to, say, four times its original size (and likewise the image label), and then scale down the graphics view to get back to the widget's original starting size.

Autodesk Maya model panel resize event

I'm writing a simple tool menu for Maya, and I'd like to stick it to the border of model panel (perspective).
from PySide import QtCore, QtGui
from maya import OpenMayaUI as omui
from shiboken import wrapInstance
class TestWidget(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self, parent = self.getMayaWindow())
self.setWindowFlags(QtCore.Qt.Tool | QtCore.Qt.FramelessWindowHint)
self.setFixedSize(100, 100)
panelPtr = omui.MQtUtil.findControl('modelPanel4')
panel = wrapInstance(long(panelPtr), QtGui.QWidget)
position = panel.mapToGlobal(panel.pos())
self.move(position.x(), position.y() + panel.geometry().height() / 2 - self.geometry().height() / 2)
mainLayout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
button = QtGui.QPushButton('CLOSE')
button.setFixedSize(80, 80)
button.clicked.connect(self.deleteLater)
mainLayout.addWidget(button)
def getMayaWindow(self):
omui.MQtUtil.mainWindow()
ptr = omui.MQtUtil.mainWindow()
return wrapInstance(long(ptr), QtGui.QWidget)
w = TestWidget()
w.show()
The main widget is positioned exactly where I want when it is created (horizontally on the left side of model panel, vertically - in the middle of model panel).
I need to reposition it accordingly when the model panel is resized, but model panel does not emit resized() signal. I'd appreciate any advise.
I've been trying many things to get this working yesterday. I did some additionnal researches today and came to this topic: cgsociety: Creating a floating button inside the viewport
In case of broken link, this is one of the answer:
You can use geometry but there are some issues with triggering
commands based on selection and the undo queue. If you want to go that
route, I would suggest looking into zooHud and zooTriggers (Part of
the zooToolbox)
If you are wanting actual GUI control parented to the viewport, mel
only offers hudslider, hudbutton, and headsUpMessage.
You can also use PyQt and parent in your own custom widgets/layouts or
whatever you want using something like this:
import maya.OpenMayaUI as apiUI import sip
from PyQt4 import QtGui
view = apiUI.M3dView()
apiUI.M3dView.getM3dViewFromModelPanel('modelPanel4', view)
viewWidget = sip.wrapinstance(long(view.widget()), QtCore.QObject)
global myBtn
myBtn = QtGui.QPushButton(viewWidget)
myBtn.setText('testing!')
myBtn.move(100, 100) #Relative to top-left corner of viewport myBtn.show()
You can do anything a full qt widget can do with that, so it's
extremely flexible. but it would require having PyQt installed, which
can be a barrier depending on your tools distribution.
I did a mix of this answer and your code:
from PySide import QtCore, QtGui
from maya import OpenMayaUI as omui
from shiboken import wrapInstance
class CustomQWidget(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
mainLayout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
closeButton = QtGui.QPushButton('CLOSE')
closeButton.setFixedSize(80, 40)
closeButton.clicked.connect(self.deleteLater)
helloButton = QtGui.QPushButton('HELLO')
helloButton.setFixedSize(80, 40)
helloButton.clicked.connect(self.printHello)
#Trying to fix glitchy background / Doesn't work, why?
#Is it because layouts don't have background?
p = self.palette()
p.setColor(self.backgroundRole(), QtCore.Qt.red)
self.setPalette(p)
self.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.WA_StyledBackground, True)
##############################
mainLayout.addWidget(closeButton)
mainLayout.addWidget(helloButton)
def printHello(self):
print "Hello"
view = omui.M3dView()
omui.M3dView.getM3dViewFromModelPanel('modelPanel4', view) #Given the name of a model panel,
#get the M3dView used by that panel. If this fails, then a panel with the given name could not be located.
viewWidget = wrapInstance(long(view.widget()), QtGui.QWidget)
position = viewWidget.mapToGlobal(viewWidget.pos())
w = CustomQWidget(viewWidget)
w.move(0, viewWidget.geometry().height() / 2 - 100 / 2) #Relative to middle-left corner of viewport
w.show()
One of the issue I have it that the background of the widget is glitched:
If anyone knows why and how to fix it, I'll edit my answer with pleasure.
Else, when running this script from Maya's script editor, the widget follows the panel when it is resized.
I did fix such a problem, but not using Python/PyQt.
The problem itself is, that your Qt Widget is there. I have not found a way to make it not paint its background.
My solution was different: I derived from a Qt Layout, pushed all my widgets into that layout and used MQtUtil to get the QWidget of that modelPanel's modelEditor to attach the "real Qt layout" to it.
Heavy caveat that may make Python not suited: Maya doesn't expect "non-Maya" Layouts to be bound to "real-Maya" Widgets like modelEditors. So you need to listen to QEvents and find out when to destroy your layout, so Maya doesn't crash trying.
set autofillbackground True to fix your background painting issue

QLabel doesn't redraw correctly when in a QHBoxLayout with a stretch

I'm having an odd problem with a label not being redrawn correctly when the text is changed, when it's inside a QHBoxLayout with an added stretch.
Consider the following (PyQt) example code:
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QHBoxLayout, QWidget, QLabel
from PyQt5.QtCore import QTimer
def clearlabel():
print("clearing")
lbl.setText("")
lbl2.setText("")
app = QApplication([])
# Widget 1: with stretch
w = QWidget()
w.move(0, 0)
w.resize(100, 20)
w.show()
lbl = QLabel()
lbl.setText("foo")
h = QHBoxLayout(w)
h.addStretch()
h.addWidget(lbl)
# Widget 2: without stretch
w2 = QWidget()
w2.move(0, 40)
w2.resize(100, 20)
w2.show()
lbl2 = QLabel()
lbl2.setText("foo")
h2 = QHBoxLayout(w2)
h2.addWidget(lbl2)
QTimer.singleShot(1000, clearlabel)
app.exec_()
Two widgets are shown, one with a QHBoxLayout with a stretch added, one without:
After 2 seconds, a timer sets both label texts from "foo" to an empty string. In the widget without stretch it works like expected - with the one with, however, the label text doesn't get redrawn:
What's going on there? Is this a Qt bug? Am I missing something?
What I found out so far:
This only seems to happen when setting an empty string, setting a shorter string works fine.
However in my real application, it happens without a stretch added as well.
I have now submitted this as QTBUG-36945.
Thanks to the helpful people in the #qt IRC channel (on Freenode), I figured out doing a repaint after setting the text works around the issue:
class Label(QLabel):
...
def setText(self, text):
super().setText(text)
if not text:
self.repaint()
Still I'd be glad to know if I'm just wrong somewhere, or if I should submit a Qt bug.

Why isn't the "rectangle" that I want to draw on my Qt widget showing up?

I basically want to display a rectangle on a dialog window widget. Using another question as reference, I tried to adapt the framework of using a QLabel and painting to it (the process overall seems overly complicated).
I started by making a member in the dialog box's class:
QLabel* label;
In the constructor of the dialog box:
label = new QLabel(this);
label->setGeometry(20, 50, 50, 100);
Just to try and make it work, I gave the dialog box a button to make the "rectangle" created with the label appear on the widget. I connected the "pressed" signal of this button to a slot which does the following:
QPixmap pixmap(50, 100);
pixmap.fill(QColor("transparent"));
QPainter painter(&pixmap);
painter.setBrush(QBrush(Qt::black));
painter.drawRect(20, 50, 50, 100);
label->setPixmap(pixmap);
update();
Unfortunately, nothing appears in the widget when I press the button. What am I missing here?
I tried this with PyQt and it generally works, but I'm not 100% sure about the procedure. Maybe you should try calling painter.end() the painter before calling setPixmap(). Also, I'm not sure if one is supposed to draw onto a QPixmap outside of QWidget:paintEvent, it might be safer to draw a QImage and create a QPixmap from it.
from PyQt4 import QtGui
app = QtGui.QApplication([])
class Test(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)
self.bn = QtGui.QPushButton("Paint")
self.lb = QtGui.QLabel()
layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
layout.addWidget(self.bn)
layout.addWidget(self.lb)
self.bn.clicked.connect(self.handleClick)
def handleClick(self):
pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap(50, 100)
pixmap.fill(QtGui.QColor("transparent"))
p = QtGui.QPainter(pixmap)
p.drawRect(0,0,50-1,100-1)
p.end()
self.lb.setPixmap(pixmap)
t = Test()
t.show()
app.exec_()
For simply drawing a rectangle this is certainly very complicated. I don't know what you are planning, be aware that there is QGraphicsView for drawing figures.

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