Here is my example table:
column_example
10
20
25
50
Here is what I would like:
column_example2
10
5
25
I'm sure this is a simple question, but I haven't found the answer in the SQLite Syntax web page or via Google.
EDIT: To clarify, the code would likely return the outputs for:
20-10
25-20
50-25
This solution might be slow, but I had to consider the potential gaps between succeeding rowids:
http://sqlfiddle.com/#!5/daeed/1
SELECT
(SELECT x
FROM t AS t3
WHERE t3.rowid =
(SELECT MIN(tt.rowid)
FROM t AS tt
WHERE tt.rowid > t.rowid
)
)
- x
FROM t
WHERE diff IS NOT NULL
If it is guaranteed to not have any gaps between rowids, then you can use this simpler query:
http://sqlfiddle.com/#!5/1f906/3
SELECT t_next.x - t.x
FROM t
INNER JOIN t AS t_next
ON t_next.rowid = t.rowid + 1
Related
Here's a sample of what I'm trying to do:
select
t1.Field1
t1.Field2
from Table1 t1
inner join Table2 t2 on t2.Field1 = t1.Field1
where
t1.Field3 like '123-%'
and t1.CreateDate >= '01/01/2021'
having
Count(t2.Field4 = 419) >= 1
2 tables
Table 1 has unique records with an ID (Field 1)
Table 2 has multiple records, with ID Field 1 as well. Table2 may have 10, 20, etc records for Field1. I'm wanting to pull Table1 records where Table2 as at least 1 occurrence of Field4 = 419. Table2 may not have any Field4=419, it may have 1, or it may have 2 or more.
Pretty straight forward I think, but unfortunately I'm new to SQL writing which I why I'm posting for help as I've tried several ways to get this to work without any luck.
Normally you use having when you have a group by in your query.
There will be multiple ways of writing what you want, but one way that I think is easy to understand is selecting from Table1 and doing the count of Table2 in a subquery of the where clause. Depending on the size of your tables and the indexing, you might want to explore other options, but I think this is at least a good starting point that does what you want.
select
t1.Field1
t1.Field2
from Table1 t1
where
t1.Field3 like '123-%'
and t1.CreateDate >= '01/01/2021'
and (SELECT count(*) FROM Table2 t2 WHERE t2.Field1 = t1.Field1 AND t2.Field4 = 419) >= 1
I've got Google Analytics running on a website and am now trying to determine the conversion rate in certain time intervals. I therefore have a table that contains
interval_id
i.interval_start_time_utc
i.interval_stop_time_utc
Sadly, the following BigQuery query that would assign each order to an interval will not work:
SELECT
totals.transactions,
totals.visits,
i.interval_id
FROM [123456.ga_sessions_20160609]
INNER JOIN intervals i ON i.interval_start_time_utc < visitStartTime AND visitStartTime < i.interval_end_time_utc
This throws the error
ON clause must be AND of = comparisons of one field name from each table [...]
so I gather that BigQuery simply doesn't do range joins. Is there another way to do this short of doing a full join and then paring down? Are there entirely different, better approaches for this sort of thing?
BigQuery Standard SQL doesn't have this limitation - see Enabling Standard SQL
If yo want to make with BigQuery Legacy SQL - try something like below
SELECT
totals.transactions,
totals.visits,
i.interval_id
FROM [123456.ga_sessions_20160609]
CROSS JOIN intervals i
WHERE i.interval_start_time_utc < visitStartTime
AND visitStartTime < i.interval_end_time_utc
For the sake of presenting idea - let’s simplify example
And let’s remember - we do want to make it with BigQuery Legacy SQL - not with Standard SqL where it is trivial!
Challenge
Assume we have visits table:
SELECT visit_time FROM
(SELECT 2 AS visit_time),
(SELECT 12 AS visit_time),
(SELECT 22 AS visit_time),
(SELECT 32 AS visit_time)
and intervals table:
SELECT before, after, event FROM
(SELECT 1 AS before, 5 AS after, 3 AS event),
(SELECT 6 AS before, 10 AS after, 8 AS event),
(SELECT 21 AS before, 25 AS after, 23 AS event),
(SELECT 33 AS before, 37 AS after, 35 AS event)
We want to extract all visits which are within event’s before and after values
This can be simply done with use of CROSS JOIN like below:
SELECT
visit_time, event, before, after
FROM (
SELECT visit_time FROM
(SELECT 2 AS visit_time),
(SELECT 12 AS visit_time),
(SELECT 22 AS visit_time),
(SELECT 32 AS visit_time),
) AS visits
CROSS JOIN (
SELECT before, after, event FROM
(SELECT 1 AS before, 5 AS after, 3 AS event),
(SELECT 6 AS before, 10 AS after, 8 AS event),
(SELECT 21 AS before, 25 AS after, 23 AS event),
(SELECT 33 AS before, 37 AS after, 35 AS event)
) AS intervals
WHERE visit_time BETWEEN before AND after
With result as:
visit_time event before after
2 3 1 5
22 23 21 25
Potential Issue
When both tables are big enough – this cross join becomes quite expensive!
Hint
It happened that (from user’s comments) - The intervals are always the x units to the left and right of event.
Solution
Below is proposed solution/option that uses hint/fact and makes use of JOIN instead of CROSS JOIN between two big tables
The key here is to generate (on fly) new table that will hold all possible interval’s values based on event and x
SELECT event, event + delta AS point
FROM (
SELECT event FROM
(SELECT 1 AS before, 5 AS after, 3 AS event),
(SELECT 6 AS before, 10 AS after, 8 AS event),
(SELECT 21 AS before, 25 AS after, 23 AS event),
(SELECT 33 AS before, 37 AS after, 35 AS event)
) AS events
CROSS JOIN (
SELECT pos - 1 - 2 AS delta FROM (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER() AS pos, * FROM (FLATTEN((
SELECT SPLIT(RPAD('', 1 + 2 * 2, '.'),'') AS h FROM (SELECT NULL)),h
)))
) AS deltas
In above code x = 2 – but you can change it in two places, for example if x = 5 you should have
SELECT pos - 1 - 5 AS delta FROM (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER() AS pos, * FROM (FLATTEN((
SELECT SPLIT(RPAD('', 1 + 2 * 5, '.'),'') AS h FROM (SELECT NULL)),h
)))
CROSS JOIN in above code is inexpensive because deltas table is quite small
So, finally now, you can have your result with below:
SELECT
visit_time, event
FROM (
SELECT visit_time FROM
(SELECT 2 AS visit_time),
(SELECT 12 AS visit_time),
(SELECT 22 AS visit_time),
(SELECT 32 AS visit_time),
) AS visits
JOIN (
SELECT event, event + delta AS point
FROM (
SELECT event FROM
(SELECT 1 AS before, 5 AS after, 3 AS event),
(SELECT 6 AS before, 10 AS after, 8 AS event),
(SELECT 21 AS before, 25 AS after, 23 AS event),
(SELECT 33 AS before, 37 AS after, 35 AS event)
) AS events
CROSS JOIN (
SELECT pos - 1 - 2 AS delta FROM (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER() AS pos, * FROM (FLATTEN((
SELECT SPLIT(RPAD('', 1 + 2 * 2, '.'),'') AS h FROM (SELECT NULL)),h
)))
) AS deltas
) AS points
ON points.point = visits.visit_time
With expected result
visit_time event
2 3
22 23
I think above approach can work for you – but you sure need to adopt it to your particular case
I think this can be done relatively easy if you will round all your involved times up to respective minutes
Hope this will help
Share result with us if you will get this work :o)
I don't know if I'm being dumb here but I can't seem to find an efficient way to do this. I wrote a very long and inefficient query that does what I need, but what I WANT is a more efficient way.
I have 2 result sets that displays an ID (a PK which is generic/from the same source in both sets) and a FLAG (A - approve and V - Validate).
Result Set 1
ID FLAG
1 V
2 V
3 V
4 V
5 V
6 V
Result Set 2
ID FLAG
2 A
5 A
7 A
8 A
I want to "merge" these two sets to give me this output:
ID FLAG
1 V
2 (V/A)
3 V
4 V
5 (V/A)
6 V
7 A
8 A
Neither of the 2 result sets will at any time have all the ID's to make a simple left join with a case statement on the other result set an easy solution.
I'm currently doing a union between the two sets to get ALL the ID's. Thereafter I left join the 2 result sets to get the required '(V/A)' by use of a case statement.
There must be a more efficient way but I just can't seem to figure it out now as I'm running low on amps... I need a holiday... :-/
Thanks in advance!
Use a FULL OUTER JOIN:
SELECT ID,
CASE
WHEN t1.FLAG IS NULL THEN t2.FLAG
WHEN t2.FLAG IS NULL THEN t1.FLAG
ELSE '(' || t1.FLAG || '/' || t2.FLAG || ')'
END AS MERGED_FLAG
FROM TABLE1 t1
FULL OUTER JOIN TABLE2 t2
USING (ID)
ORDER BY ID
See this SQLFiddle.
Share and enjoy.
I think that you can use xmlagg. Here an exemple :
SELECT deptno,
SUBSTR (REPLACE (REPLACE (XMLAGG (XMLELEMENT ("x", ename)
ORDER BY ename),'</x>'),'<x>','|'),2) as concated_list
FROM emp
GROUP BY deptno
ORDER BY deptno;
Bye
I have query that runs as part of a function which produces a one row table full of counts, and averages, and comma separated lists like this:
select
(select
count(*)
from vw_disp_details
where round = 2013
and rating = 1) applicants,
(select
count(*)
from vw_disp_details
where round = 2013
and rating = 1
and applied != 'yes') s_applicants,
(select
LISTAGG(discipline, ',')
WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY discipline)
from (select discipline,
count(*) discipline_number
from vw_disp_details
where round = 2013
and rating = 1
group by discipline)) disciplines,
(select
LISTAGG(discipline_count, ',')
WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY discipline)
from (select discipline,
count(*) discipline_count
from vw_disp_details
where round = 2013
and rating = 1
group by discipline)) disciplines_count,
(select
round(avg(util.getawardstocols(application_id,'1','AWARD_NAME')), 2)
from vw_disp_details
where round = 2013
and rating = 1) average_award_score,
(select
round(avg(age))
from vw_disp_details
where round = 2013
and rating = 1) average_age
from dual;
Except that instead of 6 main sub-queries there are 23.
This returns something like this (if it were a CSV):
applicants | s_applicants | disciplines | disciplines_count | average_award_score | average_age
107 | 67 | "speed,accuracy,strength" | 3 | 97 | 23
Now I am programmatically swapping out the "rating = 1" part of the where clauses for other expressions. They all work rather quickly except for the "rating = 1" one which takes about 90 seconds to run and that is because the rating column in the vw_disp_details view is itself compiled by a sub-query:
(SELECT score
FROM read r,
eval_criteria_lookup ecl
WHERE r.criteria_id = ecl.criteria_id
AND r.application_id = a.lgo_application_id
AND criteria_description = 'Overall Score'
AND type = 'ABC'
) reader_rank
So when the function runs this extra query seems to slow everything down dramatically.
My question is, is there a better (more efficient) way to run a query like this that is basically just a series of counts and averages, and how can I refactor to optimize the speed so that the rating = 1 query doesn't take 90 seconds to run.
You could choose to MATERIALIZE the vw_disp_details VIEW. That would pre-calculate the value of the rating column. There are various options for how up-to-date a materialized view is kept, you would probably want to use the ON COMMIT clause so that vw_disp_details is always correct.
Have a look at the official documentation and see if that would work for you.
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28286/statements_6002.htm
Do all most of your queries in only one. Instead of doing:
select
(select (count(*) from my_tab) as count_all,
(select avg(age) from my_tab) as avg_age,
(select avg(mypkg.get_award(application_id) from my_tab) as_avg-app_id
from dual;
Just do:
select count(*), avg(age),avg(mypkg.get_award(application_id)) from my_tab;
And then, maybe you can do some union all for the other results. But this step all by itself should help.
I was able to solve this issue by doing two things: creating a new view that displayed only the results I needed, which gave me marginal gains in speed, and in that view moving the where clause of the sub-query that caused the lag into the where clause of the view and tacking on the result of the sub-query as column in the view. This still returns the same results thanks to the fact that there are always going to be records in the table the sub-query accessed for each row of the view query.
SELECT
a.application_id,
util.getstatus (a.application_id) status,
(SELECT score
FROM applicant_read ar,
eval_criteria_lookup ecl
WHERE ar.criteria_id = ecl.criteria_id
AND ar.application_id = a.application_id
AND criteria_description = 'Overall Score' //THESE TWO FIELDS
AND type = 'ABC' //ARE CRITERIA_ID = 15
) score
as.test_total test_total
FROM application a,
applicant_scores as
WHERE a.application_id = as.application_id(+);
Became
SELECT
a.application_id,
util.getstatus (a.application_id) status,
ar.score,
as.test_total test_total
FROM application a,
applicant_scores as,
applicant_read ar
WHERE a.application_id = as.application_id(+)
AND ar.application_id = a.application_id(+)
AND ar.criteria_id = 15;
I need some help to build SQL Query. I have table having data like:
ID Date Name
1 1/1/2009 a
2 1/2/2009 b
3 1/3/2009 c
I need to get result something like...
1 1/1/2009 a
2 1/2/2009 b
3 1/3/2009 c
4 1/4/2009 Null
5 1/5/2009 Null
6 1/6/2009 Null
7 1/7/2009 Null
8 1/8/2009 Null
............................
............................
............................
30 1/30/2009 Null
31 1/31/2009 Null
I want query something like..
Select * from tbl **where month(Date)=1 AND year(Date)=2010**
Above is not completed query.
I need to get all the record of particular month, even if some date missing..
I guess there must be equi Join in the query, I am trying to build this query using Equi join
Thanks
BIG EDIT
Now understand the OPs question.
Use a common table expression and a left join to get this effect.
DECLARE #FirstDay DATETIME;
-- Set start time
SELECT #FirstDay = '2009-01-01';
WITH Days AS
(
SELECT #FirstDay as CalendarDay
UNION ALL
SELECT DATEADD(d, 1, CalendarDay) as CalendarDay
FROM Days
WHERE DATEADD(d, 1, CalendarDay) < DATEADD(m, 1, #FirstDay)
)
SELECT DATEPART(d,d.CalendarDay), **t.date should be (d.CalendarDay)**, t.Name FROM Days d
LEFT JOIN tbl t
ON
d.CalendarDay = t.Date
ORDER BY
d.CalendarDay;
Left this original answer at bottom
You need DATEPART, sir.
SELECT * FROM tbl WHERE DATEPART(m,Date) = 1
If you want to choose month and year, then you can use DATEPART twice or go for a range.
SELECT * FROM tbl WHERE DATEPART(m,Date) = 1 AND DATEPART(yyyy,Date) = 2009
Range :-
SELECT * FROM tbl WHERE Date >= '2009-01-01' AND Date < '2009-02-01'
See this link for more info on DATEPART.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms174420.aspx
You can use less or equal to.
Like so:
select * from tbl where date > '2009-01-01' and date < '2009-02-01'
However, it is unclear if you want month 1 from all years?
You can check more examples and functions on "Date and Time Functions" from MSDN
Create a temporary table containing all days of that certain month,
Do left outer join between that table and your data table on tempTable.month = #month.
now you have a big table with all days of the desired month and all the records matching the proper dates + empty records for those dates who have no data.
i hope that's what you want.