How do you style a div in Bootstrap to span the entire width of the viewport (without fixed positioning) within the normal 12-grid system of "rows" and "spans"?
In the Bootstrap source, the navbar-fixed-top class achieves this effect using a fixed position and left and right attributes:
.navbar-fixed-top,
.navbar-fixed-bottom {
position: fixed;
right: 0;
left: 0;
z-index: 1030;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
However, this navbar stays in the window regardless of scrolling. What styles are necessary to achieve the same entire width of the viewport without fixed positioning?
You can get that effect by stretching the body and html tags 100% in height and width and then defining a child div to that same width. We do that because width and height are relative, so if we define a div 100% in width/height it will only stretch so far as the body and html tag. Take a look at this example:
html, body {
width:100%;
height:100%;
}
body {
padding-top:60px;
}
.wrapper {
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
}
.huge {
width:100%;
height:100%;
background-color:#eee;
}
Demo, edit here.
Note: There is some extra height added to the body of the .huge div due to the padding-top added to the body to make way for the top navbar, if that padding is removed it will become a "true" 100% height and not 100% height + top 60px as it is now.
If you want to utilize Bootstrap 3 grid and build full-width layouts (stretching row to the entire viewport width) you should consider two things:
Bootstrap's .row class sets the margin property to: margin: 0 -15px;.
Grid content should be wrapped in a containing element to offset the aforesaid margin.
CSS
.container-full-width {
padding: 0 15px; /* Offset .row's margin */
width: 100%;
}
/* Optional. See comment below. */
.row {
padding-left: 70px;
padding-right: 70px;
}
HTML
<body>
<div class="container-full-width">
<div class="row">
...
</div>
</div>
...
</body>
Bear in mind that the .row elements will have no margin, but it can be fixed by overriding the padding property of the .row class and setting the expected margin.
Alternatively you could consider overriding .row class and offsetting a margin value, but this requires setting different values for different media/device types.
It is worth checking whether it works in Bootstrap 2 likewise.
Related
I am trying to set a <div> to a certain percentage height in CSS, but it just remains the same size as the content inside it. When I remove the HTML 5 <!DOCTYTPE html> however, it works, the <div> taking up the whole page as desired. I want the page to validate, so what should I do?
I have this CSS on the <div>, which has an ID of page:
#page {
padding: 10px;
background-color: white;
height: 90% !important;
}
I am trying to set a div to a certain percentage height in CSS
Percentage of what?
To set a percentage height, its parent element(*) must have an explicit height. This is fairly self-evident, in that if you leave height as auto, the block will take the height of its content... but if the content itself has a height expressed in terms of percentage of the parent you've made yourself a little Catch 22. The browser gives up and just uses the content height.
So the parent of the div must have an explicit height property. Whilst that height can also be a percentage if you want, that just moves the problem up to the next level.
If you want to make the div height a percentage of the viewport height, every ancestor of the div, including <html> and <body>, have to have height: 100%, so there is a chain of explicit percentage heights down to the div.
(*: or, if the div is positioned, the ‘containing block’, which is the nearest ancestor to also be positioned.)
Alternatively, all modern browsers and IE>=9 support new CSS units relative to viewport height (vh) and viewport width (vw):
div {
height:100vh;
}
See here for more info.
You need to set the height on the <html> and <body> elements as well; otherwise, they will only be large enough to fit the content. For example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<title>Example of 100% width and height</title>
<style>
html, body { height: 100%; margin: 0; }
div { height: 100%; width: 100%; background: red; }
</style>
<div></div>
bobince's answer will let you know in which cases "height: XX%;" will or won't work.
If you want to create an element with a set ratio (height: % of it's own width), use the aspect-ratio property. Make sure height is not explicitly set on the element for it to work. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/aspect-ratio
.square {
width: 100%;
height: unset;
aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
}
Historically, the best way to do this was to set the height using padding-bottom. Example for square:
<div class="square-container">
<div class="square-content">
<!-- put your content in here -->
</div>
</div>
.square-container { /* any display: block; element */
position: relative;
height: 0;
padding-bottom: 100%; /* of parent width */
}
.square-content {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
}
The square container will just be made of padding, and the content will expand to fill the container. Long article from 2009 on this subject: http://alistapart.com/article/creating-intrinsic-ratios-for-video
In order to use percentage(%), you must define the % of its parent element. If you use body{height: 100%} it will not work because its parent have no percentage in height. In that case in order to work that body height you must add this in html{height:100%}
In other cases to get rid of that defining parent percentage you can use
body{height:100vh}
vh stands for viewport height
You can use 100vw / 100vh. CSS3 gives us viewport-relative units. 100vw means 100% of the viewport width. 100vh; 100% of the height.
<div style="display:flex; justify-content: space-between;background-color: lightyellow; width:100%; height:85vh">
<div style="width:70%; height: 100%; border: 2px dashed red"></div>
<div style="width:30%; height: 100%; border: 2px dashed red"></div>
</div>
Sometimes, you may want to conditionally set the height of a div, such as when the entire content is less than the height of the screen. Setting all parent elements to 100% will cut off content when it is longer than the screen size.
So, the way to get around this is to set the min-height:
Continue to let the parent elements automatically adjust their height
Then in your main div, subtract the pixel sizes of the header and footer div from 100vh (viewport units). In css, something like:
min-height: calc(100vh - 246px);
100vh is full length of the screen, minus the surrounding divs.
By setting min-height and not height, content longer than screen will continue to flow, instead of getting cut off.
With new CSS sizing properties you can get away with not setting exact height on parent. The new block-size and inline-size properties can be used like this:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<style>
#parent {
border: 1px dotted gray;
height: auto; /* auto values */
width: auto;
}
#wrapper {
background-color: violet;
writing-mode: vertical-lr;
block-size: 30%;
inline-size: 70%;
}
#child {
background-color: wheat;
writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
width: 30%; /* set to 100% if you don't want to expose wrapper */
height: 70%; /* none of the parent has exact height set */
}
</style>
<body>
<div id=parent>
<div id=wrapper>
<div id=child>Lorem ipsum dollar...</div>
Resize the browser window in full page mode. I think the values are relative to viewport height and width.
For more info refer: https://www.w3.org/TR/css-sizing-3/
Almost all browsers support it: https://caniuse.com/?search=inline-size
Image takes all the space in flexbox div (100%) without deforming the div. So not the div adjusts to contain an image, but image adjusts to fullfill a div.
I know that in flexbox inner div that contain an image will adjust to size of teh image if you say:
img {height : 100%; width : 100%;}
I need an image in flex div to take all the space of the div. So 100% height and 100% width without affecting the div itself. So whatever is the size of a div I need an image in it to strech and occupy all the avalable space without changing the div itself. How do I do it?
note: if it is not possible with flexbox - then how can I achieve the result using different technic?
Here is the html:
<div class='box-wrap'>
<div class='box'>
<div>
<img src="http://placehold.it/400x400"/>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Here is the css :
.row {
margin-top : 10px;
display : flex;
flex-direction : row;
flex-wrap : wrap;
border : 1px solid silver;
}
.box,.box-wrap {
background : white;
flex : 1 1 8%;
border : 1px solid #aaa;
margin : 10px;
justify-content : space-between;
letter-spacing : 1px;
box-sizing : border-box;
}
.box-wrap {
padding : 0.5em 10px;
background : white;
}
Here is the corresponding codepen : http://codepen.io/anon/pen/WwYeJX
Try using object-fit property for the img :
.box img {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
object-fit: cover;
object-position: 50% 50%;
}
First of all, to make the img fill the entire height of its container, you can set its container to flex (this then makes the image stop keeping its aspect ration fixed).
Then set the width and height of the container to whichever values you desire:
.box div {
display:flex;
height:600px;
width:100%;
}
And to fill out its full width do this:
.box div img {
width:100%;
}
In this particular case, it resizes the width according to the window and has a fixed height: https://jsfiddle.net/ (demo here)
COMMENT: Also unless there's a very specific reason you need all those nested divs, you could easily remove the innermost (3rd level) div and apply these values to the 2nd level div.
How can I style a div with CSS to automatically fit in a gap? At the moment, I have something like this
HTML
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="auto-width"></div>
<div id="changing-width"></div>
</div>
CSS
#wrapper {
padding: 30px;
}
#wrapper * {
height: 50px;
display: inline-block;
}
#auto-width {
width: 271px; /*I don't want to have to set this value*/
}
#changing-width {
width: 140px;
float: right;
margin-left: 30px;
}
I want the div with the ID "auto-width" to change it's width based on the padding of the wrapper, and the width and margin of the "changing-width" div. I don't mind using the padding and margin values, but in my actual project, the width of the "changing-width" div actually changes depending on the amount text in it and I want to "auto-width" div to change with it.
JSFiddle example:
https://jsfiddle.net/bve8162f/
If the width of the right div is fixed, then you could set the width of the left div like so:
#auto-width {
width: calc(100% - 200px);
}
...where the 200px is the width of your right div plus the padding. If you're using a css preprocessor like Less or Sass, you could create a variable so you can define the value in one place for both styles.
Note that the 100% refers to the explicit width of the parent. This solution seemed to work in your fiddle (updated version here,) but if your production code is set up a little differently, this may not work. I'll see if I can stumble across a different way, but this is one method I personally like to use when I can.
I am working on Bootstrap theme where its responsive. I disable the responsiveness on a child theme by adding a code in functions.php. All works well , no problem.
Now the parent container, is now fixed:
HTML:
<div class="container">
CSS:
.container{width: 940px;}
But I would like the footer section to have sitewide background color. How do I able to do this?
I have tried setting different methods like width:auto, width: 200% ,but its not giving me the desired result.
Supposing this is the footer section:
<footer>
My footer
</footer>
My attempted CSS on a child theme(not working)
footer {
background: #CCCCCC;
width:100% !important;
position:absolute !important;
}
Also is this possible without setting too many !important on CSS property? Thanks.
If your footer is inside the div.container which has width:940px; then giving your footer 100% width will make it 940px wide.
You need to have the footer outside the container to give it 100% width of the body.
When you give 100% width, the element gets its container's width. So in your code, even with the important keyword, it'll get the container's width (because that what 100% is supposed to do).
Just take the footer outside of the container.
Then it'll work and you won't need this !important keyword.
As others have mentioned, removing the footer from the parent container of .container will allow the width of it to be the entire size of the viewport/document.
If you are unable to change this level of structure of the HTML due to your template, you can fake the width using pseudo-elements, like so:
footer {
position: relative;
background-color: lightblue; /* Match the color of the body background */
}
footer::before, footer::after {
content:"";
position: absolute;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
width: 9999px;
/* some huge width */
background-color: inherit;
}
footer::before {
right: 100%;
}
footer::after {
left: 100%;
}
See jsFiddle.
Taken from CSS Tricks: Full Browser Width Bars
I have a page which is divided up into 3 divs, left center and right. I don't want to display anything in the left and right, they just frame the page.
#leftDiv
{
background-color: Gray;
width: 10%;
left: 0px;
top: 0px;
position: absolute;
height: 100%;
}
#rightDiv
{
background-color: Gray;
height: 100%;
width: 10%;
left: 90%;
top: 0px;
position: absolute;
clear:both;
}
The center div has a table, which allows the user to select how many rows to see. If they chose a large value then the body of the table went beyond the bottom of the left and right div.
To correct this I put the following code in
if ($("#leftDiv").length == 1) {
$("#leftDiv").height($("body").height() + "px");
}
if ($("#rightDiv").length == 1) {
$("#rightDiv").height($("body").height() + "px"); ;
}
this works fine until the user selects a smaller value than the page size, after selecting a larger value.
Then the left and right divs get set to less than 100%.
What i need is a way to find out what 100% is in pixels and then I can compare this to the height of the body and decide which is bigger.
Any ideas?
Thanks
John
Use margin: 0 auto
Kill your left and right columns, give your main div a width, and then center that div using an auto left and right margin. For example:
#mainDiv {
width: 80%;
margin: 0 auto;
}
Why are you creating empty elements to frame the page? How about setting the body background to the colour you require and:
#center_div {width: /* whatever */;
margin: 0 auto; /* to center in the viewport */
overflow: auto; /* or visible */
}
You could leave off the overflow property, and simply use min-width in place of width (I can't remember how cross-browser compatible this is) to define the 'normal' width, in such a way that the content will force the div to be larger as required to display the content.
If the left and right divs don't have any contents, then there's no need for them to be separate divs: apply their formatting to your container div instead, and center your contents div using margin: 0 auto. Obviously, you'll need to give the container div a specified width, and a non-transparent background. Then you can let the browser take care of resizing the window as needed - there's no need for you to reinvent the wheel for that part.
CSS:
#container {background-color:gray;}
#content {background-color:white;width:80%;margin:0 auto;}
Html:
...
<body>
<div id="container">
<div id="content">
...your content here...
</div>
</div>
</body>
...
(If your page doesn't have a container div, then you can apply the background color to the body element instead, and save even more code.)