Good Day, I'm learning CodeIgniter with Smarty. My CSS file is stored in
/App01/application/views/css/main.css
To link my CSS I use:
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://localhost:88/APP1/application/views/css/layout.css" media="screen" />
But CSS is not applied on my page. When I open CSS URL, I get a message:
Forbidden
You don't have permission to access /APP1/application/views/css/layout.css on this server.
Please, what am I doing wrong? I'd like to keep my CSS together with the view because in future I'd like to learn how to create multiple themes and I thing the CSS should be kept within the theme folder.
Can I replace URL path to CSS file with some Smarty variable so that when I move my application I do not need to change CSS URL path in templates manually?
Thank you in advance! Vojtech
Anything in the /application folder of CodeIgniter should be considered out-of-bounds. For the best security, you should actually consider keeping /application above your www or public_html folder in a structure such as this:
– application
– controllers
– models
– views
– ...
– system
– core
– libraries
– ...
– public_html
– index.php
This makes your application code safer.
I’d advise creating your client-side scripts and CSS in a public folder. For example public_html/css and public_html/js. Or, if you wanted to go down the theme route, possibly name each CSS file as the name of the theme, so you’d have css/theme1.css and css/theme2.css.
If your site will always work from the root of a domain, then you can just use:
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/layout.css" media="screen" />
But if you feel that you’re going to be moving all sorts of things around, then consider preparing the file location in your controller before sending it to Smarty.
$this->load->helper('url');
$this->smarty->assign('css_file', base_url("css/theme1.css"));
That will return:
http://localhost/app1/css/theme.css
Or whatever your CodeIgniter URL is.
This will help to link css to codeigniter.
The link_tag is used to link resources and you can use helper function.
For example html helper, url helper, email helper, etc.
In your controller you have to create a function something like
<?php
class Home extends CI_Controller{
public function helper(){
$this->load->helper('html');
$this->load->view('index');
}
}
?>
And your index.php in view folder use link_tag keyword.
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<?php echo link_tag('App01/application/views/css/main.css');?>
</head>
<body>
<?php
.......
?>
</body>
</html>
Try adding a symlink to your servers document root folder. (www/public_html/htdocs)
cd (document root folder)
ln -s (/App01/application/views/css) .
This way you can access your css folder and keep the current structure.
Related
I looked over some of the same questions on stack overflow and tried all the best answers. None of them worked.
I am learning html5 with CSS stylesheet. I looked over a website tutorial of building a web page with login form by flask.
So it has this base.html file which has some code links to a css file:
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>RELAX AND WORKOUT</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="bulma.css" />
</head>
Originally, followed by 'href' was a http link and it worked. But I downloaded the same css file and put it in the same folder as the base.html file so I can play with this css file.
They are both at ./project/templates/the_file
This is the link to download the css file: https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bulma/0.7.4/css/bulma.css
It was also originally the tutorial author put after 'href='. But when I changed it to my local file name 'bulma.css', it does not load the stylesheet at all.
I also tried absolute path and relative path. Neither of them worked.
I'm running it on Windows 10. Using Python 3.7 and flask.
So in my case, how do I make the html load this local css file?
Edit:
Ok, I made it work eventually.
I made a new folder called "static" and put the css file inside it. Then I changed the path to this:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../static/bulma.css" />.
Does it mean flask treats the "templates" folder as a special folder only for html templates, it does not recognize other file formats?
But I saw a question which the person put his css file in the same directory. The answer is to just add a dot and it worked. That was why I put it with all the other html templates in my templates folder. But it never worked in my case.
From flask docs:
Flask automatically adds a static view that takes a path relative to the flaskr/staticdirectory and serves it. The base.htmltemplate already has a link to the style.cssfile:
{{ url_for('static', filename='style.css') }}
You need to create a folder called static inside your flask app directory with your static files inside, ex.: CSS, images, etc.
In your html code use:
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href= {{ url_for('static', filename='bulma.css') }}>
</head>
Try changing your href="bulma.css" to href="./bulma.css" and see if it works.
Are you sure you don't have to go into the templates folder? "/templates/bulma.css"
Hit F12 to open up the development pane. Go to the network tab. Refresh the page. Is the file listed in that list? You may have to refresh your cache to have it take effect. To do that: CTRL+SHIFT+R. If the file is listed in there you can view the preview to make sure it's current, if not you will still need to do a force refresh on the cache.
As for URL's you can also use an absolute file path starting at the root with href="../project/templates/filename.css" (use 2 periods). The following is a website for more info on this:
https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_filepaths.asp
In my .htaccess file, I redirect all request to my public/index.php file.
From there I do routing, based on params given in URL.
Problem is with my css file being included in view, which says href="css/app.css". All works good when specifying request like http://hostname/public/something, but If I go one directory deeper, like say for example:
http://hostname/public/something/else, my css breaks.
How should I fix this?
That's because you're using relative paths instead of absolute paths for all your html links (images, javascript, css, href links).
Actually, your rule can create virtual directories.
Let's say you have css links that way
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css">
For some examples, here is the path resolution
/public/something -> /public/css/style.css (GOOD)
/public/something/else -> /public/something/css/style.css (WRONG)
To avoid that behaviour, use absolute path
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/public/css/style.css">
Or, if you don't want to change all your html links, you can add this line after <head> html tag
<base href="/public/">
Use absolute links like href="/public/css/app.css".
If the /public part is variable, e.g. between your development machine and the production server, then use a variable or constant:
<?php echo ROOT_URL . '/css/app.css'; ?>
The most useful thing to do is typically to create a small helper function for that:
<?php echo css('app.css'); ?>
Depending on what kind of templating system you may be using, this could look as nice as this:
{{ css 'app.css' }}
Try adding a global variable or constant or some functions to you PHP application named: $site_root, that is a path to your root directory. For example CodeIgniter does this with url_helper, See This: https://ellislab.com/codeigniter/user-guide/helpers/url_helper.html
Then add $siteRoot before your css file
... href="<?php echo site_url() ?>/link/to/your/file.css" ...
I've looked at other answers involving this question, but still can't get it to work. I'm trying to link my CSS file relatively. I've tried the base_url() concat and it still doesn't work. Maybe I just have a misconception about CI URLs. Anyway, my CSS file is under views->templates->Item_CSS.css
I have tried everything and still get no results. If anyone can help I'd be grateful. Thanks!
You won't be able to reach that path easily, since codeigniter uses it's index.php (situated in the root) to handle everything. The views folder isn't the base path
What I do is to add a css and js folder in the root of CI (where index.php,.htaccess lies), after that your css routes will be www.example.com/css/mycss.css or base_url().css/mycss.css.
In case you get a forbidden error you might need to modify the .htaccess to allow accessing those folders
Assuming that you config your base url as:
$config['base_url'] = 'http://www.abc.com/';
and you put the application folder where the system and index.php file is. Then use the following code:
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="<?php echo base_url();?>application/views/templates/Item_CSS.css" />
i'm using MAMP on my MacBook Pro as a local server. PHP and MySql are running fine. However, i have a strange issue with CakePHP - CSS only works on homepage of my site and only by the two following paths:
'localhost' and 'localhost/index.php'
Using 'localhost/index.php/' however returns just the bare unstyled markup as does all other pages in the site. How can a slash a the end break the CSS?
A few searches have suggested this could possibly be a mod rewrite issue in apache, but i'm out of my depth to be honest - i don't know how to test if changes i make turn mod rewrite on.
As CSS works only for 2 specific paths, could it perhaps be a problems with my routes? I only have 2 defined - '/' and '/index.php/' - and they are both the same.
Any help will be greatly appreciated,
James
It looks like your MAMP configuration (or Apache within MAMP has mod_rewrite disabled. It looks like you have to follow http://documentation.mamp.info/en/mamp-pro/advanced-functions/edit-configuration-files instructions, edit template for apache's httpd.conf, search for mod_rewrite and uncomment this line in config template.
The problem is most likely as tbwcf says that you're trying to load the CSS files using relative file paths, but you should always use CakePHP's helpers to add resource files to the layout:
<?php echo $this->Html->css('style'); ?>
The above will output
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/style.css" />
The benefit is that if you install the app to some other directory the path changes automatically:
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/other/directory/css/style.css" />
Do not use relative file paths like ../css. It will break the layout again in all but the simplest cases.
The slash at the end of the markup is most likely breaking the file path to your stylesheet. For example if your css is referenced as
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/stylesheet.css" />
then adding the slash to the page URL would mean you'd need to jump back a step to get to the same stylesheet as it would no longer be in the same folder as the page you're on.
So you could add
../ before the reference like <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/stylesheet.css" />
Or possibly an easier solution in this case would be to reference your stylesheet absolutely like:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://localhost:8888/project/css/stylesheet.css" />
In the root of my domain i have the CSS file style.css and the masterpage file site.master.
The link to the CSS file within the site.master is
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" />
The problem is that webpages contained within subdirectories do not inherit the CSS file.
What am i doing wrong here?
If i copy the style.css file to the subdirectories everything works like a charm...
UPDATE: If i change the path to /style.css or to ~/style.css the style is Not applied also to the webpages within the root folder.
MasterPages use the containing page for the path.
change your css tag to be a server control and use the "~" root symbol.
<link id="lnkStyle" runat="server" href="~/style.css"
rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
You need to specify the path as /style.css.
Well the obvious question is, does the other pages inherit the correct masterpage, namely the one with your css link?
ie.
<%# Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/MasterPage.master"...
also perhaps '/' before file name would help
If you're including that link tag in your master page, the HTML being output by the content pages in subdirectories contains a link to "style.css", which the browser looks for in that directory.
If you're developing in ASP.NET, you should be placing your CSS files in themes, which will take care of this problem. If you really don't want to do that for some reason, make the URL to the stylesheet an application-relative path ("~/style.css") and make the link tag executed on the server; I believe that that will resolve the application path and generate an absolute URL.
Try this:
<link href="<%: Url.Content("~/style.css") %> rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" />
It will make the path relative to your hostname, giving the correct path to your pages in the subdirectories. Right now, just linking style.css gives it the folder relative path, so its looking inside of the same folder your page is in, instead of where you intended. Hope that helps. You could also re-write your link with a preceding forward slash, like "/style.css" and that should also do the trick.