I'm working on a google map page for a jquerymobile site. I've got the map behaving as I'd like, and it displays beautifully, but the map element is too big - I can't figure out how to scale it to fill all the available space between the header and footer.
So I have:
header (let's say it's 30px tall)
footer (let's say it's 20px tall)
Since there are so many different screen sizes for mobile devices right now, I want the map_canvas to be device-height minus 50px tall. Can I do this in css, or do I need to use javascript? (Not averse to that, but it would be great to use pure css...)
You can use height: calc(100% - 50px) in modern browsers.
Due to general viewport wonkyness, auto-height is a slippery issue and not implemented reliably.
I've needed to implement something similar before on my mobile sites, and I found this article on Quirksmode to be infinitely useful - http://www.quirksmode.org/mobile/viewports.html
In your case, you'd want the height to be
document.documentElement.offsetHeight - (header.outerHeight() + footer.outerHeight())
or if you want to hardcode, document.documentElement.offsetHeight - 50. Of course hard-coding the value is a less maintainable way to go.
You could use javascript, or you could use relative heights. For example, set your header's height to say, 10%, the footer to 20%, and then you could set your map's height to 70%.
Related
What is major differences in using these css rules
div{width:100px; overflow:hidden;}
And
div{max-width:100px; overflow:hidden!important;}
Is there going to be any cross-compatibility Issues.
max-width is great for stating "don't go any bigger than this, but it's OK if it's smaller".
This might be great if you were doing say a speech bubble that could be dynamic in size (depending on content) and you wanted the div surrounding speech bubble to vary.
width on the other hand says "the must be 100px", which means even if the content within the div is smaller, the surrounding div will still be 100px.
Example:
http://cdn.gottabemobile.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/photo1.png
max-width: 100px is not different from width: 100px if you do not have width specified. And the !important flag only prevents from overriding the property, so it depends on the context if that makes a difference.
This probably was answered somewhere, but I can't find it :s
My question is about dynamic resizing of divs based in percentages.
Please look at code example below for the examples and possible solutions I made.
I ask if there is a better way to do resizing?
More detailed explanation:
Say I am writing a plugin that people can insert in their pages. (Imagine login form).
I go ahead and design the plugin's divs. I use media queries to achieve desired look for different devices. I work on a div straight inside of a 'body' element.
I use percentages for design (I like percentages). Say I set div to 80% width.
Now I give this plugin to the user. User goes ahead and puts the plugin's div inside of another
div that is 100px in width. Now everything looks awful. (80% of 100px is not a lot [80px]).
And of course I want user to put my plugin inside of whatever small-width divs that he have.
The solutions I saw so far to this problem was to create a holder div of certain width - say hardcode 300px. (ex - jQuery UI's Datepicker div; Meteor's login widget div). And then code to it always knowing the 300px width that I set before is not going to change.
But I don't know how good of a solution this is.
Moreover if I decide to go with hard-coding width, my plugin would need width of ~ 1000px. Because I want div to resize with media queries.
And if I go with hard-coding width (say holder div of 1000px width) and put it on a page, the page will have horizontal scrolling. And you cannot simply hide holder div (parent div) and have child to show at the same time. So this requires setting position:relative for holder (parent) div, putting it outside of window, and use same for child div - position:relative with same offset in opposite direction of parent offset.
I hope I am being clear so far and have not confused you!
A code example to illustrate what I am talking about:
http://jsbin.com/ifawez/18/edit
#cimmanon's comment cleared things out for me.
The problem is with lack of HTML/CSS "tools" available at the moment. Since responsiveness came into play fairly recently there are not a lot of CSS-native tools to accommodate changes in dimensions.
For instance media-queries exclusively work with width of window/document and not of other elements such as divs.
The solution I currently employ is using Javascript to determine width of a div and resize accordingly.
What I resize is the number of columns I want to display (I use Multi-Column module as suggested by cimmanon) which is pretty stable on webkit browsers. Since it is all done in Javascript (and jQuery's Sizzle) I keep an array of sizes like so:
var widthArray = [
{min:0, max:250, columns:1, secondary:false},
{min:251, max:350, columns:1, secondary:true },
{min:351, max:479, columns:1, secondary:true },
//more div sizes
];
// more code here
$(element).css({
"column-count": object.columns,
"-moz-column-count": object.columns,
"-webkit-column-count": object.columns
});
This is sort of like media-queries, but allows to work with width of html elements, not screen size alone.
Additionally I follow the way jQuery UI displays its components: using position relative/absolute.
.outer_div {
position: relative;
}
.inner_div_with_elements {
position: absolute;
z-index: 1010;
width: 99%;
float: left;
overflow: hidden;
...
}
.inner_components_displayable {
position: relative;
display: block;
}
.inner_components_hidden {
display: none;
}
So in Summary:
Media queries alone work with size of screen, and resizing of any inner element can be done in percentages to the screen size. They can be of huge help, but you turn into making your components work either with percentages based off screen, or specifying something like min-height and !important (as suggested by #Octavian)
Javascript manipulation of elements is currently easier, but is a costlier alternative (jQuery SIzzle is pretty slow)
A lot of libraries (ex. jQuery UI) use Javascript together with position relative/absolute to make sure their components/plug-ins will work nicely on all users' screen sizes.
I ended up combining position with javascript to emulate media-queries and multi-column design at the same time for responsiveness.
Thanks everyone who participated!
If I am reading this correctly, the main issue here is that it can potentially become too small based on where the code is located.
So why not just add a min-width property with !important? That way you can still base the size off of the parent container, but be sure that it doesn't get too small and ugly.
Potentially, you could even have a script to base the width off of the parent div and the min-width off of the screen size.
I am working on removing tables from my site, and just learning the div tricks involved. My home page currently has a centered table nested in another table. Removing the outer table was a bit tricky for someone just learning non-table methods, but it's done.
My problem is, the inner table is super-easy to center ("margin:0 auto" in the CSS), but its div equivalent is not. The div will center if I specify an absolute width (such as 640px), but since I'm designing with the user's font size (not something I specify), I don't know how wide it will actually be for a given user.
I've simplified the home page and have it online (test.html and HoH.css Here is an overview image of test.html.
Sorry for all the links. But with a floaty thing inside another floaty thing, I don't know what is relevant. The file test.html contains 63 lines of formatted HTML. The 640px hr is there for reference only; it will not be part of the final page.
PS: I'm removing the tables because when I asked for site reviews, the first comment almost everyone had was, "get rid of the damn tables".
Probably you shouldn't worry about users font size because all modern browsers zoom whole page, not only font size, and everybody will be happy with your fixed width.
Also you can use EM values instead of PX, 1em = font size in px. You can change 640px to 40em if you have 16px font size. If someone have for example twice bigger font, he will get twice wider block.
And if you want css-solution for unknown width block centering, you can use inline-block and text-align:center: http://jsfiddle.net/rBc4T/
use CSS and jQuery -
css -
#divID{ left:50%;}
jQuery -
(function(){
var marginLeft = $('#divID').width();
$('#divID').css('marginLeft','-'+ marginLeft /2 +'px');
});
the image below will explain what I mean
click here for image
pretending that the red area is not a divider since I just want it to be empty with a fluid-like divider
position:absolute; left:0px; right:100px;
the above thing wont work because im trying to do this with a table inside a divider that is already using the position:absolute.... and it's actually for height but to make explaining simpler im just asking for the width
Your specific question is rather confusing, but, no, CSS has no concept of math. You can't do 100% - 50px, for instance, even though that would be really handy.
However, you can give elements margins of specific measurements, and if you don't give the element a defined width, it is, by default, 'auto' so will take up the remaining space.
So the left DIV could be set with a 100px right-margin.
That would answer your question if it were about CSS and horizontal spacing of a fluid layout.
As for your vertical spacing issues and a table, that's really an entirely different thing, so would suggest you revise your question with the specific markup you are looking for help on.
You could have a loot to less css framework (it deals with js)
you can use operators, check the Functions & Operations in less official website, very interesting, you can do things like:
#base-color: #000000;
#footer {
color: #base-color + #003300;
}
You can use width: calc(100% -100px); but it's not supported by all browsers unfortunately.
I am trying to build a website for myself.. I want to use an image as the header... I have made sure that my background will scale itself for any screen resolution... How do i make sure the image(header) will also scale it self according to the screen resolution...
for example: my image is 350px int width and 130px in height.. i want this to be the size when screen resolution is 1280X768.. and should change proportionally based on screen size..
Please tell me how to do this preferably using CSS.. i am also fine with js or jquery
Thanks in advance
Raj
If you only specify the width in css, the height will scale automatically. You can easily specify the with of the image relative to its parent.
In your example you would have to specify width: 27% (1280 / 350). Note that the parent will have to be 100% wide.
You can get the screen size from the DOM using screen.width and screen.height. Then you can write some JS to load or replace with the desired image or adjust the height/width attributes on the image (which would scale it, but doesn't always look great).
There is a good article on fluid grids by Ethan Marcotte, http://www.alistapart.com/articles/fluidgrids/
You can apply these principals to your images using CSS, he does on his personal site. There even good apps to help you out.
this one has a read me -> web duck
http://inteldesigner.com/web-duck/about.php
this one has more features -> em calc
http://riddle.pl/emcalc/