Selecting children elements but NOT grandchildren - css

I have the following, simplified, code:
<div id="content">
<p>text</p>
<div id="container">
<div id="col1">
<p>text</p>
</div>
<div id="col2">
<p>text</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>text</p>
</div>
</div>
Whenever I set some values to the #content p element in the CSS file, the changes also apply to the #col1 p and #col2 p.
What I would like to do is select only the children p elements of the #content div and not select the grandchildren p elements.
I imagine that one way of doing it would be to add a class to the first children and then apply properties throught it.
Is there any better way of doing it in either CSS2 or CSS3?

Use the CSS Greater than sign > (Child selectors):
#content > p
A child selector matches when an element is the child of some element.

You can also set another style for the deeper <p> elements that override the one you already specified. Like so:
#content p { color: red; }
#content div p { color: black; }

Related

Get nth-of-type to NOT target children of children?

I'm trying to target an <h1> element within a <div> using the CSS first-of-type property, but I noticed that not only does this target the first child of this <div> that is of type <h1>, but it also targets the children of children that are of type <h1>, which seems less useful to me. Is there any way that children of children can be excluded from this?
In the example below, I have an <h1> that's an immediate child of a <div> called #everything. I try targeting that <h1> in the CSS, but this results in targeting both the correct <h1> as well as another <h1> within a child <div>.
#everything h1:first-of-type{
color: red;
}
<div id="everything">
<h1>hello</h1>
<div id="something">
<h1>goodbye</h1>
</div>
</div>
Is this what you wanted?
#everything>h1:first-of-type{
color: red;
}
<div id="everything">
<h1>hello</h1>
<div id="something">
<h1>goodbye</h1>
</div>
</div>
Update your css code with this.
#everything > h1{
color: red;
}
One more option:
#everything:first-child > h1 {
color: red;
}
For this option #everything:first-child you need to specify the child h1 or it's class/id.

nth-child based in element index

I want to use css3 nth-child to select matched elements based in their index in the whole document (like jquery :eq() selector) not based in the parent element.
<div id="container">
<div class="result">
<div class="active">content 1</div>
</div>
<div class="result">
<div class="active">content 2</div>
</div>
<div class="result">
<div class="active">content 2</div>
</div>
</div>
This css code select all elements because every .active is 1st child respective to the parent .result
.active:nth-child(1) {
background: red;
}
I tried also to make the body as parent
body > .active:nth-child(1) {
background: red;
}
But it can't do the job.
I want nth-child(1) selects content 1
and nth-child(2) selects content 2
I think you want to use nth-child on .result.
#container .result:nth-child(1) .active {
background: red;
}
JSBin

restrict inner div to use main div css style class

<style type="text/css">
.life-wrapper
{
font-family:lato;
font-size:15px;
font-weight:bold;
}
</style>
<div class="life-wrapper">
<div>
First Inner
<div id="second">
Second Inner
<label>Test Second Inner</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Here, I have the child div as "second". Here I want to restrict div "second" in such a way that it should not be displayed as parent div design.Here, I don't want to add any new css class for the inner div. I only need to restrict inner div to use main div css class.
Cascading Style Sheets are just that, cascading. So the child elements will inherit from the parents, and so on. The only way to work around it, is to make your "First Inner" text not to be a parent of the #second element.
As easy as wrapping it into a <span>First Inner</span> and setting the style on that: .life-wrapper span
<style type="text/css">
.life-wrapper span {
font-family:lato;
font-size:15px;
font-weight:bold;
}
</style>
<div class="life-wrapper">
<div>
<span>First Inner</span>
<div id="second">
Second Inner
<label>Test Second Inner</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>

How can I use hover in a child without the parent's hover being activated?

My code can add divs as child or sibling, I've created two classes and two :hover for each class but when I put the mouse on a child the parent hover is activated as well.
.Group {
background-color: white;
}
.Group2 {
background-color: white;
}
.Group:hover {
background-color: yellow;
}
.Group2:hover {
background-color: red;
}
<div class="Group">
root
<div class="Group">1st child
<div class="Group2">2nd child
<div class="Group">3rd child</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="Group">1st child</div>
</div>
If you hover over a child element, you're also hovering over the parent, there's no way around that.
What you could do is set a different or additional class on the 1st child elements that don't have further children.
Highlighting background colors in nested blocks when hovering
If you are trying to activate the background colors of the nested div blocks, I think you might be looking for the following.
For the HTML, use distinct class names to identify each layer of nested div blocks:
<div class="Group">root
<div class="Group1">1st child
<div class="Group2">2nd child
<div class="Group3">3rd child</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="Group1">1st child</div>
</div>
and the CSS:
.Group, .Group1, .Group2, .Group3 {
background-color:transparent;
}
.Group:hover {
background-color:yellow;
}
.Group1:hover {
background-color:pink;
}
.Group2:hover {
background-color:red;
}
.Group3:hover {
background-color:orange;
}
Demo fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/audetwebdesign/Scr9G/
As you mouse over each nested div successively, the background color changes in sequence.
If you are trying to target a nested element with :hover without the effect bubbling up through the parent/ancestor blocks, you will need to use JavaScript/jQuery to create the selection rules that you need.
Quirky Hack Using <p> Tags
The following construction exhibits the behavior that the OP would like to see:
<p class="Group">root
<p class="Group">1st child
<p class="Group2">2nd child
<p class="Group">3rd child</p>
</p>
</p>
<p class="Group">1st child</p>
</p>
and the CSS is as before:
.Group {
background-color:white;
}
.Group2 {
background-color:white;
}
.Group:hover {
background-color:yellow;
}
.Group2:hover {
background-color:red;
}
Second demo fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/audetwebdesign/cf2mn/
In this case, the OP was trying to nest <p> tags, which actually do not work like nesting other block elements like <div>.
When using <p> tags, the closing </p> tag is optional if followed by other flow elements like p, div, ul and so on.
In this case, the HTML snippet show above is equivalent to:
<p class="Group">root</p>
<p class="Group">1st child</p>
<p class="Group2">2nd child</p>
<p class="Group">3rd child</p>
<p class="Group">1st child</p>
which means that all the p tabs are siblings and there are no parent-child relationships, which is why the CSS appears to be working as the OP desired.
If div tags had been used instead of p tags, the resulting DOM would have exhibited the parent-child relationships and the CSS would have shown the original behavior that the OP did not want.
Using the p tags may give the desired effect for the CSS, but it works only because the DOM elements are siblings instead of parent-child. (In addition, the nested p tags will not validate.)
It is worth noting that:
CSS 2.1 does not define if the parent of an element that is ':active' or ':hover' is also in that state.
so it is better not to rely on the state of the parent element when apply a pseudo-element on a child element.
References:
About :hover: http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/selector.html#dynamic-pseudo-classes
About optional closing of p tag: http://www.w3.org/TR/html-markup/p.html#p
There's no way to prevent parent elements to get background color.. rather use this code
<div class="root">
Main Root
<div class="group">
First One
</div>
<div class="group2">
Second One
</div>
<div class="group">
Third One
</div>
.group:hover {
background: yellow;
}
.group2:hover {
background: red;
}
SEE THE DEMO HERE
Give separate ids to the divs and when a child div is hovered over, change its background image color and remove the background color of the parent all at the same time. I guess that is the only way around this
The simplest and best way is probably to use any other element, li for instance.
css:
.Group, .Group2, .Group3
{
background:white;
display: block;
list-style: none;
}
.parent
{
margin: 0;
display: block;
padding: 0;
}
.Group:hover
{
background: yellow;
}
.Group2:hover
{
background: red;
}
.Group3:hover
{
background: yellow;
}
html:
<ul class="parent" >
<li class="Group" >root
<li class="Group">1st child
<li class="Group2">2nd child
<li class="Group3">3rd child</li>
</li >
</li >
<li class="Group">1st child</li >
</li>
</ul>
You should add sub-element for content and use element+element pseudo selector.
.group-content:hover {
background-color: yellow;
}
.group-content:hover + .group {
background-color: red;
}
<div class="group">
<div class="group-content">1st child</div>
<div class="group">
<div class="group-content">2nd child</div>
<div class="group">
<div class="group-content">3nd child</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="group">
<div class="group-content">1st child</div>
</div>

With CSS only: Select first occurrence of class throughout whole document

We have a DOM like this:
<div class="outer">
<div class="inner"> <!--// No "copyright" in this node //-->
<div class="content">...</div>
</div>
<div class="inner">
<div class="content">...</div>
<div class="copyright">...</div> <!--// DISPLAY THIS ONE //-->
</div>
<div class="inner">
<div class="content">...</div>
<div class="content">...</div>
<div class="content">...</div>
<div class="copyright">...</div> <!--// Hide this one //-->
</div>
<div class="inner">
<div class="content">...</div>
<div class="content">...</div>
<div class="copyright">...</div> <!--// Hide this one too, etc. //-->
</div>
<!--// etc. //-->
</div>
All elements with class "copyright" must be hidden, with exception of the very first one.
We tried to apply this approach, but unfortunately with no success. It must be a CSS only solution. Any idea?
Thanks for your help!
In this case, each .copyright is the first and only one of its kind in .inner, so you need to select by .inner instead. If you don't need to apply any special rules to the first child, you don't need to use the approach I describe in that other question; simply use this to hide the other elements:
.inner ~ .inner .copyright {
display: none;
}
This is still the top answer on Google for "css select first occurrence of class" so adding the simple technique I found to work.
This solution doesn't specifically solve the OP but does allow you to select the first element with a class amongst siblings.
You can use a combination of the sibling and not selectors as shown in this JSFiddle
For example:
.my-class:not(.my-class ~ .my-class) {
background: red;
}
How does this work?
The sibling selector (~) selects elements which are somewhere after other elements.
So this would select every element except the first one:
.my-class ~ .my-class {
background: red;
}
We then just use the :not selector to reverse this, i.e. select only the first element.
I have only tested this on Chrome but think it should work on most modern browsers.
Try this one JSfiddle
div.inner > .copyright { display:none; }
div.inner:first-child .copyright { display:block; background:#000; }
​

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