I'm busy exploring the package vegan for R, using it to calculate nestedness of community matrices and null models. I'm particularly interested in using the permat functions as well as Oecosimu.
However, when running my program I obtained the following errors:
Error in nullmodel(comm, method) : could not find function "list2env"
Error in nullmodel(m, ALGO) : could not find function "list2env"
I then even ran an example (given below) of how to use these functions given by the R help function, and even these examples gave the same error. Am I suppose to import something else in order to use these functions or how do I go about fixing this?
Examples:
m <- matrix(c(
1,3,2,0,3,1,
0,2,1,0,2,1,
0,0,1,2,0,3,
0,0,0,1,4,3
), 4, 6, byrow=TRUE)
x1 <- permatswap(m, "quasiswap")
summary(x1)
x2 <- permatfull(m)
summary(x2)
x3 <- permatfull(m, "none", mtype="prab")
x3$orig
summary(x3)
x4 <- permatfull(m, strata=c(1,1,2,2))
summary(x4)
Technically, this is a bug in the development version of Vegan on R-Forge. We were failing to declare a dependency on R versions >= 2.12 in DESCRIPTION. I have checked in the relevant change to the source tree to fix this but it will take a day or so before the tarball and binaries are rebuilt by R-Forge.
That said, you should probably update your R to something more recent. Or use the versions of those functions provided in Vegan 2.0-x on CRAN.
list2env is part of R base, which means it comes with the distribution, not in an add-on package. So if you don't have it you're probably either running an old version of R or have a broken installation. The example worked fine for me, with R 2.12.1 and vegan 2.1-0.
Your code works for me without an error message
The most probable cause of your error is your using old versions of R, vegan or permute
The R news for changes says
CHANGES IN R VERSION 2.12.0: NEW FEATURES:
o New list2env() utility function as an inverse of
as.list(<environment>) and for fast multi-assign() to existing
environment. as.environment() is now generic and uses list2env()
as list method.
CHANGES IN R VERSION 2.12.1: BUG FIXES:
o When list2env() created an environment it was missing a PROTECT
call and so was vulnerable to garbage collection.
CHANGES IN R VERSION 2.13.0: NEW FEATURES:
o list2env(envir = NULL) defaults to hashing (with a suitably sized
environment) for lists of more than 100 elements.
So update your version of R and the packages and try again.
Related
I am trying to use the function accumcomp.long in the Biodiversity.R package in order to adjust my species accumulation curves in ggplot.
However, calling the function accumcomp.long gives me an error, suggesting that this function perhaps does no longer exists.
accum.long1 <- accumcomp.long(Accum.1, ci=NA, label.freq=5)
Error in accumcomp.long(Accum.1, ci = NA, label.freq = 5) :
could not find function "accumcomp.long"
The function BiodiversityR::accumcomp.long
returns
Error: 'accumcomp.long' is not an exported object from 'namespace:BiodiversityR'
I am not certain whether this is an issue with the package, the way the package is loaded into my R space, or perhaps unrelated to the package simply the format of my data.
My community and environment files are of dataframe class. I have tried loading them as .csv files as well as .rda files, but the error remains.
??accumcomp.long
renders "No results found".
I am using R version 3.5.3 (2019-03-11)
Any suggestions as to what else I could try?
Thanks in advance!
I re-installed the package BiodiversityR and included force = T (as per this thread https://community.rstudio.com/t/could-not-find-function-error-even-though-fun-is-in-namespace-and-has-an-rd-file/91243). I then reloaded the package. I am not sure what force = T does, but the accumcomp.long function now works.
I'm working on an R package for sparse matrix handling. It kinda works; here's a minimal example to set the stage for my question.
devtools::install_github("ekernf01/MatrixLazyEval", ref = "eef5593ad")
library(Matrix)
library(MatrixLazyEval)
data(CAex)
M = rbind(CAex, CAex)
M = matrix(stats::rnorm(prod(dim(M))), nrow = nrow(M))
M_lazy = AsLazyMatrix( M )
svd_lazy = RandomSVDLazyMatrix(M_lazy)
But, when I run even a minimal unit test, it breaks the package permanently (I have to restart my R session or reinstall the package). The immediate cause is that R can't find some S4 methods from packages I depend on (e.g. for matrix transpose t or colSums from the Matrix package). I run the unit test like this:
devtools::test(filter = "minimal")
svd_lazy = RandomSVDLazyMatrix(M_lazy)
Here's the contents of the test files.
> cat tests/testthat.R
library(testthat)
testthat::test_check("MatrixLazyEval")
> cat tests/testthat/testthat_minimal.R
context("minimal")
Why does this happen? Maybe this is naive, but the unit test shouldn't even do anything.
Edit
Possibly related:
r - data.table and testthat package
https://github.com/r-lib/devtools/issues/192
R data.table breaks in exported functions
You need to import all the generics you're using in your package namespace:
#' #importFrom Matrix t tcrossprod colSums rowMeans
NULL
This will fix the issue that you're observing and you'll be able the tests multiple times in the same session.
Also this will allow other packages that import Matrix::t to consistently use your custom methods. Currently, since you're calling setMethod() in your package, you're creating a new t() generic local to your namespace whenever Matrix is not attached to the search path at load-time (this is why it worked the first time you ran the tests). This prevents other packages using Matrix::t() to access your methods. Importing Matrix::t() explicitly will fix this because you'll never create a local generic for t().
I search for a command to compute Walsh-Hadamard Transform of an image in R, but I don't find anything. In MATLAB fwht use for this. this command implement Walsh-Hadamard Tranform to each row of matrix. Can anyone introduce a similar way to compute Walsh-Hadamard on rows or columns of Matrix in R?
I find a package here:
http://www2.uaem.mx/r-mirror/web/packages/boolfun/boolfun.pdf
But why this package is not available when I want to install it?
Packages that are not maintained get put in the Archive. They get put there when that aren't updated to match changing requirements or start making errors with changing R code base. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/boolfun/index.html
It's possible that you might be able to extract useful code from the archive version, despite the relatively ancient version of R that package was written under.
The R code for walshTransform calls an object code routine:
walshTransform <- function ( truthTable ) # /!\ should check truthTable values are in {0,1}
{
len <- log(length(truthTable),base=2)
if( len != round(len) )
stop("bad truth table length")
res <- .Call( "walshTransform",
as.integer(truthTable),
as.integer(len))
res
}
Installing the package succeeded on my Mac, but would require the appropriate toolchain on whatever OS you are working in.
I am developing a package in Rstudio. Many of my examples need updating so I am going through each one. The only way to check the examples is by running devtools::check() but of course this runs all the checks and it takes a while.
Is there a way of just running the examples so I don't have to wait?
Try the following code to run all examples
devtools::run_examples()
You can also do this without devtools, admittedly it's a bit more circuitous.
package = "rgl"
# this gives a key-value mapping of the various `\alias{}`es
# in each Rd file to that file's canonical name
aliases <- readRDS(system.file("help", "aliases.rds", package=package))
# or sapply(unique(aliases), example, package=package, character.only=TRUE),
# but I think the for loop is superior in this case.
for (topic in unique(aliases)) example(topic, package=package, character.only = TRUE)
I am running a machine that only has R 2.10 and cannot be updated (this is a fact: it cannot be changed).
I need to use the "expm" package's functionality for taking the kth power of a matrix (it is the function %^%) but I cannot figure out how to copy the source code, since the earliest version of this package was made for versions later than R 2.10. On R, after installing the expm package, running:
library(expm)
getAnywhere('%^%')
gives me the source code, but then when I copy this source code in the form %^% <- *source code*, I get the error
Error in stopifnot(is.numeric(x) || is(x, "dMatrix"), length(d <- dim(x)) == :
object 'x' not found
Can anyone help me figure out how to use the original implementation of %^% via source code?
Use backticks ` to denote a non-syntactic name.
`%^%` <- ....