I am a web developer, I recently looked at GMAIL's new LOGIN PAGE preview and there is a Sign In button, I was really excited about its UI. I did some surgery of Page's CSS and found some properties like:
**background-color: #4D90FE;
background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear,left top,left bottom,from(#4d90fe),to(#4787ed));
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top,#4d90fe,#4787ed);
background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top,#4d90fe,#4787ed);
background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top,#4d90fe,#4787ed);
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top,#4d90fe,#4787ed);
background-image: linear-gradient(top,#4d90fe,#4787ed);**
Now can anyone please tell me how can I maximize the page's optimization for all popular browsers using these kind of CSS extension properties. I mean is there any reference link for these extensions or some other good stuff.
Thanks.
You should use google to find such information, a lot of it has been around since early 2010.
but here are some examples of browser specific gradient codes:
.gradient-bg {
/* fallback/image non-cover color */
background-color: #1a82f7;
/* fallback image */
background-image: url(images/fallback-gradient.png);
/* Safari 4+, Chrome 1-9 */
background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0% 0%, 0% 100%, from(#2F2727), to(#1a82f7));
/* Safari 5.1+, Mobile Safari, Chrome 10+ */
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #2F2727, #1a82f7);
/* Firefox 3.6+ */
background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #2F2727, #1a82f7);
/* Opera 11.10+ */
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #2F2727, #1a82f7);
}
Taken from here.
To find out which browser supports which selector has a lot to with testing.
If you just need cross-browser-gradients, use http://www.colorzilla.com/gradient-editor/ (supports also IE6-9).
To find out, which technique is supported by which browser http://caniuse.com is a good resource.
There is a pretty comprehensive list of Mozilla's CSS extensions (or simply things that haven't been fully standardized yet) here: https://developer.mozilla.org/en/CSS_Reference/Mozilla_Extensions
There is also an attempt to list all vendor-specific CSS properties under http://webdesign.about.com/od/css/a/css-extensions.htm but it is probably pretty incomplete and outdated - this area changes fast. In the end, you should better look at CSS3. Either a feature is already listed there which means that vendor prefixes will likely be dropped soon - or it is not and then using this feature in a production webpage isn't recommendable (its meaning might change significantly or browsers might stop supporting it altogether).
This is a list that I keep on me all times as a point of reference.
I hope this is of some use to you
http://qooxdoo.org/documentation/general/webkit_css_styles
Related
I am working on app which platform is targeted to modern browsers but exceptionally its required to run on IE9 which doesn't supports CSS3 gradient. Can anyone please suggest any alternative (except SVG) would benefit me greatly.
.GRAD_LINEAR(#start:#EEA611; #end:#E3EE11) {
background: #start;
background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#start), to(#end));
background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #start, #end);
background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #start, #end);
background-image:-o-linear-gradient(top, #start, #end);
background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom, #start, #end);
//Your suggestion...
}
There are several ways you can achieve this.
Try ColorZilla Gradient Editor. Since Microsoft provides its own filters, something like
filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#1e5799', endColorstr='#7db9e8',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */
will be fine for you.
Use an HTC file, something like CSS3 PIE which adds the necessary functionality to older versions of IE to emulate modern CSS3 features. It has its own pros and cons but worth a shot.
The next, least recommended, way of doing it will be using images. But then you will increase the number of HTTP Requests your application makes. Also if an image fails to load, your element might look ugly.
You can make gradients work in IE9 Check this -- Colorzilla
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Why does the background and the menu buttons shape not display correctly in IE versions < 11? The page looks ok in Chrome, IE 11, etc.
http://www.kine-stammheim.ch/
It's possible that you're using CSS3 properties, those properties not have support in all versions of the browsers and in some cases need for special prefixers.
Check this link http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css3_browsersupport.asp
For example your background made with css has this prefixes:
-webkit-linear-gradient
-moz-linear-gradient
-ms-linear-gradient
-o-linear-gradient
Review this here -webkit-linear-gradient(
here is your background definition for #main:
background: -moz-linear-gradient(center top , #DBDBDB, #FFFFFF) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);
IE don't understand the -moz prefix
you need the complete definition in order to support the other browser families, e.g.:
background: rgb(69,72,77);
background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, rgba(69,72,77,1) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,1) 100%);
background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,rgba(69,72,77,1)), color-stop(100%,rgba(0,0,0,1)));
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, rgba(69,72,77,1) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,1) 100%);
background: -o-linear-gradient(top, rgba(69,72,77,1) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,1) 100%);
background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, rgba(69,72,77,1) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,1) 100%);
background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(69,72,77,1) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,1) 100%);
Look at: https://www.google.de/search?q=vendor+specific+CSS+extensions
Websites breaking in one type but working in another is usually related to illegal usage of HTML or CSS. Some browser allow you to do something you're not really allowed to do meanwhile others don't.
Use the w3.org HTML validation service to find errors on your website (HTML), you can take look at your results here, you'll see that you got some errors on your website.
You can also use the w3.org CSS validation service to find errors on your website (CSS), you can take a look at your results here.
You will see that your website has over 100 errors in the CSS; this is probably the cause of your problem. Fix your HTML and CSS and your website should render just fine.
Also check available tables to see which CSS and HTML attributes work on all browsers, some don't, yet.
You could use the Mozilla Developer Network to check the compatibility of browsers. Let's, for example check the -moz- attribute you're using in your CSS;
Browser Lowest version Support of
Internet Explorer --- ---
Firefox (Gecko) 1.0 (1.0) -moz-appearance Not fully supported
Opera (Presto) --- ---
Safari | Chrome | WebKit 3.0 | 1.0 | 522 -webkit-appearance
You'll see that you'll have problems on certain browsers, like Internet Explorer.
You can also check the table here.
Note that compatibility issues are mainly related to HTML5 and CSS3, which are the newest versions.
Usually when I make a gradient I use the colorzilla gradient edtior.
By default it generates the CSS for you. Here is an example:
background: #1e5799; /* Old browsers */
background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #1e5799 0%, #2989d8 50%, #207cca 51%, #7db9e8 100%); /* FF3.6+ */
background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,#1e5799), color-stop(50%,#2989d8), color-stop(51%,#207cca), color-stop(100%,#7db9e8)); /* Chrome,Safari4+ */
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%); /* Chrome10+,Safari5.1+ */
background: -o-linear-gradient(top, #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%); /* Opera 11.10+ */
background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%); /* IE10+ */
background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%); /* W3C */
filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#1e5799', endColorstr='#7db9e8',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */
While this is most certainly thorough, I'm curious if it is necessary. Through trial-and-error and process of elimination I have reduced it to the following CSS:
background: #1e5799; /* Old browsers */
background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%); /* W3C */
filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#1e5799', endColorstr='#7db9e8',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */
This reduced CSS still seems to function in Chrome, Firefox, IE8, IE9, and IE10, . However it's tough to say because using the Internet Explorer compatibility view doesn't always work very well (When I had IE9 my block worked, but after I upgraded to IE10 and used IE9 compatibility view it did not). I have also downloaded IETester and have had more success using this tool.
I was just curious if anyone could see if I was missing some vital CSS that might break in a given case or other important browser, or if maybe I could slim this down even more.
While not critical in importance, it makes quite the difference in size.
The difference between the two blocks is 618 bytes and in a sheet that uses 10 gradients, the difference is over 6 KB. As you can see this can add up fast (granted between caching and today's internet speeds it's not the most important factor) and I still think it's worth looking at.
Yeah, gradient syntax is a mess. Okay, here goes....
Firstly filter: IE9 is one you need to watch out for, especially if you're combining gradients with other CSS features.
The old IE filter styles are based on ActiveX controls and are notoriously buggy, and this tends to be worse when they're combined with other browser features. IE9 introduced standard CSS syntax for most of the stuff that filter had previously been used for; gradients were about the only feature that didn't make it (certainly the only significant one).
However those bugs in the ActiveX control for gradients seem to be even more obvious in IE9 than they were in IE8, largely due to the fact that it needs to interract with more built-in browser features than before. For example, filter gradients do not play nicely with border-radius. It completely kills the rounded corners. There are a number of other bugs you need to beware of too with filter styles.
For this reason, many gradient tools will provide you with a whole alternative syntax for IE9, which involves creating an SVG gradient embedded as a data-url into the CSS background. It's not pretty but it does work better than filter for IE9, as it avoid all the filter bugs. Unfortunately for this technique, if you also need to support IE8, then the filter syntax is still needed; but you don't want it in IE9 to clash with the SVG style, which means CSS hacks or conditional comments or other such nastiness. Yep, it does all get a bit messy.
Which is why my honest preferred solution is simply not to support gradients in IE8 or earlier. Too many issues, too much browser-specific code, and an ever-decreasing number of users to make it worth the effort.
When I must support gradients in old IE, I use CSS3Pie, which is a polyfill script that adds support for the standard CSS gradient syntax. This means I can have my gradients in all IE versions without worrying about using a filter at all. (it uses VML to do the gradient behind the scenes, but you don't need to worry about the implementation details; just the end result).
The -ms- prefix: You're right. This is unnecessary, unless you plan to support the pre-release versions of IE10 (which of course is pointless as anyone using them would have upgraded to the real IE10 by now).
The two -webkit- syntaxes: This is because Webkit introduced the feature before the syntax had been finalised. Such is life on the bleeding edge. Although the syntax is now standardised, we still need to supply the old syntax because there are still a significant number of Safari and other webkit users on versions that use the old syntax. This will change over time, but it's not ready to be dropped yet.
The -o- prefix: This is for the Opera browser. It is only in the latest release that they dropped the need for the prefix. Any users not on the latest release will need it. It's your call as to how many users this might affect and therefore whether you can drop it or not. I'd say it's probably okay, as Opera users tend to keep their browser up-to-date.
The -moz- prefix: You can safely drop this now. Firefox hasn't needed the prefix since v16. There are very very few users on version earlier than that now. (even the Long Term Support version is FF17).
The plain-colour fallback: Keep this of course. Make sure your site looks okay with it (it doesn't have to look amazing; just okay). This is your insurance policy for users on old browsers. And yes, that may include people who have eg an old Firefox version that requires a prefix that you're not supporting.
So yes, the short answer is that you can drop a lot of it; not quite as much as you wanted to, but certainly some of it.
I'd write your code as follows:
background: #1e5799; /* Old browsers */
background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,#1e5799), color-stop(50%,#2989d8), color-stop(51%,#207cca), color-stop(100%,#7db9e8)); /* Chrome,Safari4+ */
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%); /* Chrome10+,Safari5.1+ */
-pie-background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%); /* IE6-9 with css3Pie */
background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #1e5799 0%,#2989d8 50%,#207cca 51%,#7db9e8 100%); /* W3C */
behavior: url(/PIE.htc); /* activate css3Pie in IE6-9 */
I've removed the -o- and -moz- prefixes and replaced the filter with CSS3Pie code (you'd obviously need to add PIE.htc to your site, but only IE will download it).
Hope that helps.
I also suggest looking at the CanIUse site for a full browser support chart.
You still (as of today) need the -webkit- prefix for Safari, on Mac OS X and iOS.
http://caniuse.com/#search=gradients
You also need the -moz-- and -webkit--prefixed versions for older versions of Firefox and Chrome.
“Aha,” you say, “but those browsers auto-update now!”
“Why yes,” I reply, wearing a patient smile, “but not on old Android phones they don’t.”
-ms-linear-gradient wasn’t ever supported though (IE 9 didn’t support CSS gradients, just filter and SVG backgrounds, and IE 10 supports linear-gradient), so you can drop that. (And if you can find anyone still using Opera, you can ask them how they feel about gradients.)
However, as I commented: once your CSS is gzipped, the additional gradient declarations don’t take up much extra space. Obviously it’s up to you to balance the size difference against the browsers you want to support, but I’d suggest you judge based on size after gzipping, and (if possible) based on the browsers your audience (and intended audience) are actually using.
How do I use a CSS linear gradient with Netscape?
I am trying this code:
#gr {
background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#ffffff), to(#000));
background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #000);
filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#000');
-ms-filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#000');
}
It works with IE, Firefox, and Chrome but it does not work with Netscape.
Netscape Navigator 9, last updated between 2006 and 2008 as a Firefox derivative, does not offer any real support for CSS beyond a large subset of the CSS2.1 spec. It does not support CSS3 gradients, or most any other CSS3 feature.
Netscape Navigator/Communicator 4.x and older don't have a lot of CSS support at all.
If you really need a gradient, you're better off using a background image. That's the traditional, tried and tested method designers have been using for the past 10 years, with great cross-browser compatibility yet very little friction.
If you're trying to support Netscape only because you are a Netscape user, stop wasting your time. Switch to Firefox. No serious web designer uses Netscape anymore in this day and age.
Netscape is no longer supported and is very rarely used by anyone.
But if you still want to use a linear gradient on your site, you can create an image using Photoshop or any other graphic editor, and then use it as:
background-image: url('url-of-img.jpg');
i have just downloaded dreamweaver cs5.5 and am trying to apply css3 to my page, however although my current css is working fine both in dreamweaver and other coders the new css3 is not being applied.
eg i am trying to apply border-radius, although it is showing up in my css list as i type it out (unlike microsoft expression 4, which is'nt although i believe it should), it is not being applied to the actual page.
i have also tried using box-shadow, and linear-gradient, both unsuccessfully which made me believe that it is a css3 issue.
could it be something like setting up dreamweaver to accept css3, (ticking/unticking something in settings).
i am a beginner, any help would be appreciated and also i have looked it up before submitting q, but it seems not much info on css3 and especially css3 with dreamweaver.
thanks in advance
Did you make sure to include properties for all browsers? also, can we see your css?
Cross compatible linear gradient needs to look like this:
linear-gradient(bottom, rgb(48,54,48) 0%, rgb(54,61,54) 100%);
-o-linear-gradient(bottom, rgb(48,54,48) 0%, rgb(54,61,54) 100%); /*opera*/
-moz-linear-gradient(bottom, rgb(48,54,48) 0%, rgb(54,61,54) 100%);/*mozilla*/
-webkit-linear-gradient(bottom, rgb(48,54,48) 0%, rgb(54,61,54) 100%);/*chrome*/
-ms-linear-gradient(bottom, rgb(48,54,48) 0%, rgb(54,61,54) 100%);/*IE*/
Please see what browser you are using Internet explorer 8 and below may not support the css3 newly introduced styles.check it in a browser like chrome. Also refer to the answer from #rfinz you can see how he does it for different browsers. You probably have to work along the same lines