What is a syntactically clean solution to run a chain of individual CSS3 transitions on a single element, one by one? An example:
set left to 10px and opacity to 1 through 200ms
set left to 30px through 500ms
set left to 50px and opacity to 0 through 200ms
Can this be done without JavaScript? If not, how to code it cleanly with JavaScript?
I believe you want a CSS3 animation where you define the CSS styles at different points in the animation and the browser does the tweening for you. Here's one description of it: http://css3.bradshawenterprises.com/animations/.
You will have to check on browser support for your targeted browsers.
Here's a demo that works in Chrome. The animation is pure CSS3, I only use Javascript to initiate and reset the animation:
http://jsfiddle.net/jfriend00/fhemr/
The CSS could be modified to make it work in Firefox 5+ also.
#box {
height: 100px;
width: 100px;
background-color: #777;
position: absolute;
left: 5px;
top: 5px;
opacity: 0;
}
#-webkit-keyframes demo {
0% {
left: 10px;
}
22% {
opacity: 1;
}
77% {
left: 30px;
}
100% {
left: 50px;
opacity: 0;
}
}
.demo {
-webkit-animation-name: demo;
-webkit-animation-duration: 900ms;
-webkit-animation-iteration-count: 1;
-webkit-animation-timing-function: ease-in-out;
}
In pure CSS this can be done with the transition-delay property, with it you can delay the second and third transition.
I personally would like a JS solution better. timeouts or the "transitioned" event can be used to achieve this.
I would also suggest the script.aculo.us (or the beta v2: scripty2), it is especially designed to make programming these kinds of things efficient and easy.
Related
Please can you help troubleshoot the transition in this CSS? My browser can see the code in the inspector but no transition is taking place. I have tried operating the transition on different properties including width and position but nothing works.
#header-image {
position: absolute;
top: 30px;
right: 30px;
background: transparent;
width: 250px;
margin-left: 10px;
opacity: 1;
transition: opacity 2s linear 1s;
}
I know I'm probably being thick so apologies in advance.
In order for the transition to work.. the property value should change. only then it will trigger the transition.
i.e) lets say #header-image initially has opacity: 0; width: 50px;.
but when you hover it you want to increase the opacity and width opacity: 1; width: 250px;
so your css will look like..
#header-image {
position: absolute;
top: 30px;
left: 30px;
background: blue;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
margin-left: 10px;
animation: fadeIn 2s linear;
}
#keyframes fadeIn {
0% {
opacity: 0;
}
100% {
opacity: 1;
}
}
<div id="header-image"></div>
Then your transition will work. So basically transition will work only when there is a change in the value. But in your case you are setting the opacity:1 initially by default.
If you want to add this effect on page load then you have to use css animation or javascript. Below I have given an example snippet on how it can be achieved using css animation.
However if you are planning to use many animations then I recommend to use some popular libraries like Animista, Animate.css, wow.js
I have a menu system where that when a ‘menu’ button is clicked some simple javascript allows a mobile menu to be shown as a drop-down.
I would like to have it so this menu transitions / animates in, but the display: none property seems to not be animatable with CSS animations. I don’t really want to just use opacity: 0 because the mobile menu will then be in the document flow, and on desktop devices I don’t wish this to be the case.
Is there any CSS solution to this? When I use the Greensock animation library, it allows you to animate or change the ‘display’ property. I can’t seem to get this to work with CSS animations though?
I’ve created a simple pen where I’ve just used a single div that animates (to keep it simple I haven't included any JS click events etc with this).
As you can see I’ve commented out the display: none on both the CSS for the id#bluebox and on the #keyframes animation. If you un-comment these you can see the problem that is created.
https://codepen.io/emilychews/pen/xPWddZ
CSS
#bluebox {
margin-left: 0px;
margin-top: 0px;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
animation: appear 1s ease-in forwards;
opacity: 0;
/* display: none; */
}
#keyframes appear {
0% {/*display: none;*/ opacity: 0}
1% {display: block; opacity: 0.1;}
100% {opacity: 1;}
}
HTML
<div id="bluebox"></div>
I solved this by adding a transform: scaleY(0) to the element, and then animated this with the element on opacity: 0 for the first 1% of the animation, so you couldn't see the element 'scale up' so to speak. I used scale instead of width and height because width and height properties don't animate very well in terms of achieving the 60fps smoothness.
CSS
#bluebox {
margin-left: 0px;
margin-top: 0px;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
animation: appear 1s ease-in forwards;
opacity: 0;
transform: scaleY(0);
}
#keyframes appear {
0% {opacity: 0;}
1% {opacity: 0; transform: scaleY(1)}
100% {opacity: 1; transform: scaleY(1)}
}
In this case, since you're attempting to animate the element, I would say you should probably use width and height to your advantage instead.
Something like this could act as a substitute for display none. (Codepen)
#bluebox {
width: 0px;
height: 0px;
}
#keyframes appear {
0% {
width: 0px;
height: 0px;
}
100% {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
}
}
The width or height could also be replaced with your end width/height to allow for a more natural animation, depending on your goal. I can update the Codepen to include an example of what I mean if you'd like.
Let me know if this is what you were aiming for!
Edit: Fixed the Codepen link
Once I start animating, on Chrome I get a ripple effect. My circle transform scales up. On Firefox, that exact same animation is ignored for some reason.
$("#animate").click(function() {
$("#square").toggleClass("animate");
$("#fab").toggleClass("ripple");
});
#keyframes ripple {
from {
transform: scale(0)
}
to {
transform: scale(20)
}
}
#square {
position: relative;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
overflow: hidden;
border: 1px solid red;
transition: background 0.1s linear 0.6s, transform 1s;
transform: rotate(0deg);
}
#fab {
position: absolute;
width: 56px;
height: 56px;
border-radius: 50%;
background: #4FB5AB;
top: 122px;
right: 0;
transform: scale(1);
transition: transform 1s;
}
.ripple {
animation: ripple 1s 0.5s;
transform: scale(20) !important;
/*Duration - delay */
transition: transform 0s 1s !important;
}
.animate {
transform: rotate(90deg) !important;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="square">
<div id="fab"></div>
</div>
<br />
<button id="animate">animate</button>
CodePen Demo
Before I start explaining the problem with your code, here is a word of caution - Do not use transitions and animations together. They generally end up causing problems like the one faced here.
When an animation is specified on an element, it will take complete control over the properties that are being animated unless there is a rule with !important setting. If !important setting is used then that rule takes precedence over the animation. (but unfortunately Chrome and Firefox seem to be handling this case differently).
As per W3C Spec:
CSS Animations affect computed property values. During the execution of an animation, the computed value for a property is controlled by the animation. This overrides the value specified in the normal styling system. Animations override all normal rules, but are overriden by !important rules.
emphasis is mine
In your code, there were two problems and they are as follows:
Within .ripple selector, you were specifying the transition-duration as 0s, which means, there is no transition at all and that the change of transform is an instant one. As explained in the W3C Spec, Firefox seems to be (correctly) giving the control to the rule with !important setting (that is, the transform and transition within .ripple selector) and so it transitions the state change immediately after the specified 1s delay+. Chrome lets animation take control and thus produces the effect you are looking for.
Firefox seems to animate the element quicker than Chrome does and so while a duration of 1s is enough for the animation in Chrome, FF needs it to be 2s to be slower and show the effect.
+ - You can further verify this by removing the !important settings on the rules. Once !important is removed, the animation would take control.
$("#animate").click(function() {
$("#square").toggleClass("animate");
$("#fab").toggleClass("ripple");
});
#keyframes ripple {
from {
transform: scale(0)
}
to {
transform: scale(20)
}
}
#square {
position: relative;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
overflow: hidden;
border: 1px solid red;
transition: background 0.1s linear 0.6s, transform 1s;
transform: rotate(0deg);
}
#fab {
position: absolute;
width: 56px;
height: 56px;
border-radius: 50%;
background: #4FB5AB;
top: 122px;
right: 0;
transform: scale(1);
transition: transform 1s;
}
#fab.ripple {
animation: ripple 2s 1s;
transform: scale(20);
/*Duration - delay */
transition: transform 1s 1s;
}
#square.animate {
transform: rotate(90deg);
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="square">
<div id="fab"></div>
</div>
<br />
<button id="animate">animate</button>
Finally, please do not use !important unless it is mandatory. Instead just make the selector more specific. In the snippet, I have made it more specific by using the #id.class format.
I am afraid there are similar questions to this but I didn’t found a concrete solution, so I created a fiddle:
http://jsfiddle.net/Garavani/yrnjaf69/2/
<div class= "category_item">
<div class= "cat_button">
<span class="title_cat">TEXT</span>
</div>
</div>
CSS:
.category_item {
position: absolute;
background-color: #999;
top: 100px;
left: 50px;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
/* seems to be overwriten by animation keyframes */
-webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.215s ease-in-out;
transition: transform 0.215s ease-in-out;
cursor: pointer;
}
.category_item:hover {
-webkit-animation-name: easeBack;
animation-name: easeBack;
-webkit-animation-duration: 1s;
animation-duration: 1s;
-webkit-animation-fill-mode: forwards;
animation-fill-mode: forwards;
}
#-webkit-keyframes easeBack {
0% {
-webkit-transform: translateY(0);
transform: translateY(0);
}
50% {
-webkit-transform: translateY(-50px);
transform: translateY(-50px);
}
100% {
-webkit-transform: translateY(-30px);
transform: translateY(-30px);
}
}
.cat_button {
position: absolute;
width: 200px;
height: 55px;
bottom: 0;
border: 2px solid #fff;
color: #fff;
-webkit-transition: background 0.215s ease-in-out, border 0.215s ease-in-out, color 0.215s ease-in-out;
transition: background 0.215s ease-in-out, border 0.215s ease-in-out, color 0.215s ease-in-out;
}
.category_item:hover .cat_button {
background: #fff;
border-color: #fff;
color: #511c5b;
}
In this (simplified) animation everything works fine except for when the mouse leaves the entire box. The animation starts from it original state, but abruptly.
The basic transition time (and ease) is ignored because it seems the keyframes have higher importance and overwrite it.
What I need is the keyframe animation triggering AND when the mouse leaves it should turn back to the original state smoothly.
Is there a solution for this
1) in pure CSS
2) maybe with some little javascript only?
Thanks in advance for help and ideas!
EDIT:
After implementing the solution offered kindly by Toni this is the correct fiddle:
http://jsfiddle.net/yrnjaf69/40/
Thanks again Toni!
EDIT 2:
Sadly, yet, there is one question left. The part with the keyframes is not executed on Firefox even though I added all the -moz- vendors, too, in this fiddle:
http://jsfiddle.net/dr6Ld0wL/1/
Why?
PS: As far as I tested for now it works even in Opera (Beta). Only browser resisting is Firefox
EDIT 3:
The correct (working) code is now in this fiddle:
http://jsfiddle.net/dr6Ld0wL/16/
The keyframes also need to be explicitly divided in vendor prefixes. Jesus Christ. Those prefixes…
Here is a jsfiddle that achieves this.
.demo-hover {
position: relative;
margin: 100px;
animation: complexProcessReversed 2s ease-in forwards;
width: 160px;
height: 160px;
background-color: #88d;
}
.demo-hover:hover {
animation: complexProcess 2s ease-in forwards;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: #732;
}
#keyframes complexProcess {
/* keyframes */
}
#keyframes complexProcessReversed {
/* keyframes (opposite) */
}
The animation out is assigned in the css in the main class, then the hover state kicks in on hover and css re-applies the original class properties on unhover.
The animation does trigger backwards on page load, so you might like to think of tweaking your animation to take this into account, like this example, pinched from this answer. Alternatively, use javascript (or jquery), like this example where the animations are triggered by adding and removing classes to the target using jquery:
JavaScript
$('.demo-hover').hover(
function() {
// mouse in
$(this).removeClass('forwards--reversed').addClass('forwards');
},
function() {
// mouse out
$(this).removeClass('forwards').addClass('forwards--reversed');
}
);
CSS
.forwards {
animation: complexProcess 2s ease-in forwards;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: #732;
}
.forwards--reversed {
animation: complexProcessReversed 2s ease-in forwards;
width: 160px;
height: 160px;
background-color: #88d;
}
Also, I'd use #keyframe or transition. Use transition if you just need a simple even change from n to m but when things are more complex, such as one thing changing evenly over 100% but another thing not starting until 50% off the animation has played, then use a #keyframe
Using both will cause confusion, especially if you're trying to animate the same properties.
Finally css vendor prefixes are required
Is it possible, using CSS transitions, to tilt (rotate) an element slightly off-horizontal during the first half of its movement--and tilt it back to horizontal during the second half, as it reaches the end of its movement? I don't want a 360-degree spin. Just a slight tilt, then tilt back again.
Here's a picture of the beginning, middle, and end of the transition I have in mind:
This question is best demonstrated by watching it. Here's a fiddle that shows what I would like to achieve--but I'd like to achieve it with CSS transitions, not JavaScript:
http://jsfiddle.net/bmorearty/S5Us6/22/
When you run this, watch the gray box closely. It tilts a bit during motion, then reverses its tilt halfway through--so when it comes to rest, it is no longer tilted.
I would like whole motion this to happen in a single transition from one state to another simply by adding a class to an element--not in two transitions, because that would require me to time the end of one with the beginning of the next.
I suspect the answer would incorporate transition-delay and/or #keyframes.
Thanks.
this would be the css for it:
#card {
padding: 2em;
border: 1px solid gray;
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
background-color: #eee;
/*instead of infinite you can add a number of times you want it running*/
animation: moving infinite 6s;
}
#keyframes moving {
0%{
margin: 0;
}
50% {
-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
}
100% {
margin: 50px;
}
}
You could do something like this.
http://cdpn.io/sIxFA
Obviously, you could smooth out the rotation as you please, and add the rotate class on click.
I got it!
The solution is to use a CSS animation with a keyframe that transforms the rotation (e.g., to about 8deg) when it is 50% of the way through, but returns the rotation to 0deg at the end. It's pretty sweet.
Here's a demo on JSBin:
http://jsbin.com/ogiqad/4/edit
(The code below uses -webkit but you can add all the other browser variations to make it work on more browsers.)
#-webkit-keyframes tilt-and-move {
0% {
left: 0;
top: 0;
}
50% {
-webkit-transform: rotate(8deg);
}
100% {
left: 100px;
top: 100px;
}
}
#card {
position: relative;
}
#card.moved {
left: 100px;
top: 100px;
-webkit-animation-duration: 0.4s;
-webkit-animation-name: tilt-and-move;
}