Just a quick question regarding CSS positioning. I have several "segments" on my site which are 100% wide (fills the screen), and I want them floated next to each other. So only the first one will be visible, the other ones will be off-screen. I've tried playing around with positions and the overflow property without luck. Right now they just pop down below each other instead of floating.
This would work perfectly if the elements did not exceed the screen width, but as they do, they just pop down as I said earlier. I've tried setting a huge width to the "wrapper", something like 99999px. And then setting the segments to 100%, but that will just fill the whole 99999px width instead of the screen.
Any ideas?
JSFiddle example: http://jsfiddle.net/9xGPb/
Do you mean like this?
Example Fiddle: here
I used my favourite alternative to floats, inline-blocks
if you actually take it out of the fiddle it has some pretty (gaudy?) colours which show that it allows for the min-width: 900px; on the centered_content div to work too, and I removed the absolute positioning for the menu so the content would go below it, for demo only but you may find it useful..
let me know if any good or if you have any questions
Updated with some jQuery and to make corrections for default word-spacing
New Example: here
re: the IE6/7 hack rightly mentioned in the comments;
.segment {
display: inline-block;
overflow: hidden;
width: 0;
}
.segment {display: inline !ie7;}
needn't be a "parse hack" if that's your preference as long as that second rule is given to [lte IE 7] somehow, and separately at that it cannot be combined into the original rule with the * hack or anything, it won't work.. has to be in a separate ruleset.
I discovered word-spacing might be a problem if relying on width to hide, the natural behaviour of inline blocks is to put 3-4px between the elements like the space in between words, the workaround to this is to correct the word-spacing on the wrapper
.segment-wrapper {
white-space: nowrap;
word-spacing: -4px;
}
then restore it normal for the actual content divs, same place as you would restore the normal wrapping behaviour
.centered_content {
width: 900px;
margin: 0px auto;
background: #fcf;
white-space: normal;
word-spacing: 0;
}
and last, apart from this was fun.. there's 2 effects in that new fiddle - uncomment and comment the other.. forgive me I was playing! :)
The meaning of float is to try to float to the right or left unless there is not room for it.
This means that you cannot ever float an element off the page.
If you need to keep the element off the page, you will need to use a different positioning mechanism like position: absolute.
It sounds like you're creating a horizontal one-page portfolio. I've recently been working on something similar.
Using your fiddle I've set the .segment class to
.segment {width:90%;height:90%;position:absolute;}
and then offset each left positioning further off the screen
#home {background-color:red;left:5%;}
#work {background-color:yellow;left:105%;}
#portfolio {background-color:green;left:205%;}
#contact {background-color:blue;left:305%;}
http://jsfiddle.net/9xGPb/2/
I also added some jQuery logic to switch views for the divs.
I'm still not entirely sure which segments you want to start off the page but this jsfiddle uses positioning to shove the #two div off to the right: http://jsfiddle.net/EdAZP/1/
Which part of your example did you want to start off the page?
Did you try to just hide the other elements and toggle them with some javascript (jQuery is much easier)?
http://api.jquery.com/toggle/
Related
A few other questions have already addressed how best to apply text-align: justify to get inline-block elements to spread out evenly… for example, How do I *really* justify a horizontal menu in HTML+CSS?
However, the 100% width element that "clears" the line of inline-block elements is given its own line by the browser. I can't figure out how to get rid of that empty vertical space without using line-height: 0; on the parent element.
For an example of the problem, see this fiddle
For my solution that uses line-height: 0;, see this fiddle
The solution I'm using requires that a new line-height be applied to the child elements, but any previously set line-height is lost. Is anyone aware of a better solution? I want to avoid tables so that the elements can wrap when necessary, and also flexbox because the browser support isn't there yet. I also want to avoid floats because the number of elements being spaced out will be arbitrary.
Updated the "Future" solution info below; still not yet fully supported.
Present Workaround (IE8+, FF, Chrome Tested)
See this fiddle.
Relevant CSS
.prevNext {
text-align: justify;
}
.prevNext a {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
top: 1.2em; /* your line-height */
}
.prevNext:before{
content: '';
display: block;
width: 100%;
margin-bottom: -1.2em; /* your line-height */
}
.prevNext:after {
content: '';
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
}
Explanation
The display: block on the :before element with the negative bottom margin pulls the lines of text up one line height which eliminates the extra line, but displaces the text. Then with the position: relative on the inline-block elements the displacement is counteracted, but without adding the additional line back.
Though css cannot directly access a line-height "unit" per se, the use of em in the margin-bottom and top settings easily accommodates any line-height given as one of the multiplier values. So 1.2, 120%, or 1.2em are all equal in calculation with respect to line-height, which makes the use of em a good choice here, as even if line-height: 1.2 is set, then 1.2em for margin-bottom and top will match. Good coding to normalize the look of a site means at some point line-height should be defined explicitly, so if any of the multiplier methods are used, then the equivalent em unit will give the same value as the line-height. And if line-height is set to a non-em length, such as px, that instead could be set.
Definitely having a variable or mixin using a css preprocessor such as LESS or SCSS could help keep these values matching the appropriate line-height, or javascript could be used to dynamically read such, but really, the line-height should be known in the context of where this is being used, and the appropriate settings here made.
UPDATE for minified text (no spaces) issue
Kubi's comment noted that a minification of the html that removes the spaces between the <a> elements causes the justification to fail. A pseudo-space within the <a> tag does not help (but that is expected, as the space is happening inside the inline-block element), a <wbr> added between the <a> tags does not help (probably because a break is not necessary to the next line), so if minification is desired, then the solution is a hard coded non-breaking space character --other space characters like thin space and en space did not work (surprisingly).
Nearing a Future Clean Solution
A solution in which webkit was behind the times (as of first writing this) was:
.prevNext {
text-align: justify;
-moz-text-align-last: justify;
-webkit-text-align-last: justify; /* not implemented yet, and will not be */
text-align-last: justify; /* IE */
}
It works in FF 12.0+ and IE8+ (buggy in IE7).
For Webkit, as of version 39 (at least, might have crept in earlier) it does support it without the -webkit- extension but only if the user has enabled the experimental features (which can be done at chrome://flags/#enable-experimental-web-platform-features). Rumor is that version 41 or 42 should see full support. Since it is not seamlessly supported by webkit yet, it is still only a partial solution. However, I thought I should post it as it can be useful for some.
Consider the following:
.prevNext {
display: table;
width: 100%
}
.prevNext a {
display: table-cell;
text-align: center
}
(Also see the edited fiddle.) Is that what you are looking for? The advantage of this technique is that you can add more items and they will all be centered automatically. Supported by all modern Web browsers.
First off, I like the approach of the pseudo-element in order to keep the markup semantic. I think you should stick with the overall approach. It's far better than resorting to tables, unnecessary markup, or over the top scripts to grab the positioning data.
For everyone stressed about text-align being hacky - c'mon! It's better that the html be semantic at the expense of the CSS than vice versa.
So, from my understanding, you're trying to achieve this justified inline-block effect without having to worry about resetting the line-height every time right? I contend that you simply add
.prevNext *{
line-height: 1.2; /* or normal */
}
Then you can go about coding as though nothing happened. Here's Paul Irish's quote about the * selector if you're worried about performance:
"...you are not allowed to care about the performance of * unless you concatenate all your javascript, have it at the bottom, minify your css and js, gzip all your assets, and losslessly compress all your images. If you aren't getting 90+ Page Speed scores, it's way too early to be thinking about selector optimization."
Hope this helps!
-J Cole Morrison
Attempting to text-align for this problem is pretty hackish. The text-align property is meant to align inline content of a block (specifically text) -- it is not meant to align html elements.
I understand that you are trying to avoid floats, but in my opinion floats are the best way to accomplish what you are trying to do.
In your example you have line-height:1.2, without a unit. This may cause issues. If you're not using borders you could give the parent and the children a line-height of 0.
The other options I can think of are:
Use display:table on the parent and display:table-cell on the children to simulate table like behaviour. And you align the first item left, and the last one right. See this fiddle.
Use javascript to do a count of the nav children and then give them a equally distributed width. eg. 4 children, 25% width each. And align the first and last items left and right respectively.
There is a way to evenly distribute the items but is a convoluted method that requires some non breaking spaces to be carefully placed in the html along with a negative margin and text-align:justify. You could try and adapt it the the nav element. See example here.
Your fiddle is awfully specific. It seems to me for your case this CSS would work well:
.prevNext {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
position: relative;
height: 1.5em;
}
.prevNext a {
display: block;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
}
.prevNext a:first-child {
left: 0;
text-align: left;
}
.prevNext a:last-child {
right: 0;
text-align: right;
}
As stated by #Scotts, the following has been implemented inside Chrome, without the -webkit part , which I really loved btw, specially since we need to get rid of the -browser-specific-shǐt real soon.
.prevNext {
text-align: justify;
-moz-text-align-last: justify;
-webkit-text-align-last: justify; /* not implemented yet, and will not be */
text-align-last: justify; /* IE + Chrome */
}
Note: Though still the Safari and Opera don't support it yet (08-SEPT-16).
I think the best way would be to create the clickable element with a specific class/id and then assign float:left or float:right accordingly. Hope that helps.
I wanted to using a flexible horizontal list menu, and I found one on github that came with a collapsing menu at a certain breakpoint. I didn't need the collapsing menu so I got rid of it. I've been modifying the menu to cater to my layout. There are a couple issues that I can't seem to figure out.
There seems to be a left margin to the menu that I want to get rid of.
On the right side of the menu, while shrinking the browser, the last menu item seems to get overlapped instead of pushed in.
I would like to reduce the margins between list items
Normally this wouldn't be a problem for me, but I've not really worked much in percentages.
.flexnav {
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0 auto;
width: 100%;
max-height: 0;
}
FIDDLE
Add padding: 0; to .flexnav style definition.
To remove padding just use css:
padding:0;
You mention "unwanted", so a tip from what I usually do is, at the top of the style sheet I write this out:
*{
padding:0px;
margin:0px;
}
This will remove padding and margin from all things that have padding or margin by default, so you will no longer have "unwanted" padding or margin, instead you can separately add padding and margin to things you actually want.
I use this approach on all websites I make.
My page I'm working on is at http://www.derekbeck.com/1775/excerpts/
It looks all fine in desktop browsers, but on mobile screenshots, like below, it is forced to wrap. (see below the image for my questions...)
(full sized image)
I've tried to make it wrap gracefully, but I have two questions:
1) Is there some CSS way to control how the div inline-block (class="exnote2") Want the entire chapter?<BR>Sign up for the newsletter! wraps?
Specifically, I want:
1a) that padding-left: 20px; on the left side of it to be non-existent if it is on a second line as below (but it is necessary to keep it 20px from the PDF icon if it is indeed all on one line),
1b) some whitespace above the div inline-block (class="exnote2"), so that it is not so close to the "Read Online" icon. If I add padding-top or margin-top however, it effects the nice layout for the desktop version (linked above).
For what it's worth, for 1b) above, I did jury-rig a solution together for the entire inline block that follows the image, the entire div inline block that contains text (class="exitemdetails"). I did it this way:
.exitemdetails {
margin-left: 25px;
/* The following allows for graceful wrapping for mobile phones */
padding-top: 20px;
position: relative;
top: -10px; /* half the padding-top */
}
I could jury-rig something for the Want the entire chapter?<BR>Sign up for the newsletter! line too, but I suspect under different conditions it would not display as I hoped. Hence, I post here hoping for a better, more elegant solution, namely, how to use CSS to control the way div's wrap, and the spacing between them only if they do wrap.
2) I have one other question related to this: is there no simple CSS way to shrink that book cover image down when there is not space enough? I tried this, but it does nothing:
.eximage {
width: auto;
height: auto;
}
.eximage img {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
Thanks for looking!
Derek
Have you considered using css media queries to change the layout of your page at different screen sizes? Might be worth a shot.
http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries/
I want to absolute position an iframe and define it's left, top, right, bottom offset:
#x {
position: fixed;
left: 10px;
top: 10px;
right: 10px;
bottom: 10px;
width: auto;
height: auto;
border: 2px solid #aaa;
z-index: 100002;
background: #abc;
display:none
}
I found the left and top value is respected while right and bottom value is ignored. When I don't have a left and top value set, then the right and bottom value is treated correctly. Check this fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/7fTEF/
Any idea?
Note I don't want to set width and height of the element because I want it be relative to the viewport, neither do I want to set the width and height to a percentage, I just want to keep the border offset a fixed value, say "10px" here.
Not sure why, but, after a little playing around, it seems like IFrames don't like that style of positioning for some reason.
One solution I could make was to container it in a div, and get the div to the size/position you want.
http://jsfiddle.net/7fTEF/1/
Also, despite being 500x500px, the body background color will keep going to fill up all the space in a page, but the sizing of the div is still correct. (resize the body to check it out... )
You can not set both left and right or both top and bottom property. edit: Turns out you can actually provided you are positioning absolute, as i just learned from this article: http://www.alistapart.com/articles/conflictingabsolutepositions (all credits to #thirdender for the tip!). Iframes seem to behave differently though.
You could achieve what you are after like this: http://jsfiddle.net/7fTEF/2/
Note that there is no absolute postioning required. Also i used the css3 property box-sizing. You will have to add browser specific prefixes as explained here http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css3_pr_box-sizing.asp
Note that this solution will not work in old browser, you will end up with scrollbars. If you want to make it fully browser compatible i think yoy will have to resort to some js, but then you have problems with people who have this disabled. You could also try a combination of both. It all depends on your audience and how import you find it...
You can find the container size via javascript and after set the iframe size.
I found this page here http://www.alistapart.com/articles/conflictingabsolutepositions/ that explains a couple of solutions that are also compatible with older IE browsers using just CSS. Otherwise some JavaScript calculations would probably be required.
I'm working on a site that has a wrapper element, with a left and right sidebar, each floated within the wrapper. The left sidebar (which contains navigation) is clearing the right sidebar and pushing it to the bottom for some reason. I've tried fixing it in about 50 different ways. I originally thought changing the size and or margin would help. It didn't. I tried the 'display:inline' fix to no avail. I've tried a ton of other tweaks but I can not get it to work. You can view the site at www.ibgs2010.org and the css is www.ibgs2010.org/css/style.css (I'm trying to use a IE7 specific stylesheet to fix it). If anyone can help, I'd really appreciate it. I've burnt about 3 hours today just trying to fix this one little issue.
Looks like the problem is with the ajaxloader div - set its width to 697px (same as sidebar right) and that should fix your problem.
Try to remove the margins and paddings on your sidebar classes and have a inside wrapper with the margin and padding set to it. More failsafe this way so that margins don't increase the size of your div element. Browsers have a different way of rendering margins and paddings to elements.
Hope that helped you out.
Cheers
I think it's just that the floating content is being considered too wide to fit -- so, it's floating it down to where it will.
Instead of float, you might try position with left and right, respectively:
.content.wrapper {
position: relative; /* establish boundary for absolute positioning */
}
.sidebar.left {
position: absolute;
top: 0px;
left: 0px;
}
.sidebar.right {
position: absolute;
top: 0px;
right: 0px;
}
I propose you add the following:
#ajaxloader {
width: 737px;
float: left;
}
The width of 737px is derived from the 697px width plus the 40px left padding of of .sidebar.right
With this addition the IE7 and Firefox versions should look the same, give or take a pixel.
I include the yahoo reset css as the begining of every page (or css file). It really helps to level the playing field. Also with IE, always remember to specify width (even if it's 100%) and if your floating, make sure to display:inline.