This question already has answers here:
How to center an element horizontally and vertically
(27 answers)
Closed 8 years ago.
I have a div with a background image that needs to be centered horizontally and vertically. On top of that image, I also want to display a 1-line text, also centered horizontally and vertically.
I managed to get the image centered, but the text is not centered vertically. I thought vertical-align:middle would do the trick.
Here's the code I have:
<div style="background: url('background.png') no-repeat center; width:100%; height:100%; text-align:center;">
<div style="color:#ffffff; text-align: center; vertical-align:middle;" >
Some text here.
</div>
</div>
Any ideas?
Workaround: I actually got this to work by using a table. (I'll probably be cursed to hell by the HTML community.) Is there any significant reason not to use this btw? I'm still interested in the solution using divs though.
<table width="100%" height="100%">
<tr>
<td align="center" style="background: url('background.png') no-repeat center; color:#ffffff;">Some text here.</td>
</tr>
</table>
Horizontal centering of a block element is traditionally done this way:
div.inner { margin: 0 auto; }
Note: the above won't work with IE in quirks mode so always put a DOCTYPE at the top of your document to force it into standards compliant mode.
Vertical centering is much more tedious. See Vertical Centering in CSS
there is no direct vertical centering for div content in CSS, however there are indirect ways of achieving it.
http://phrogz.net/CSS/vertical-align/index.html
also many similar questions in SO. How to vertically center a div for all browsers?
In case you have to use only one line of text and parent div has fixed height use line-height property. Suppose parent height is 500px then use CSS line-height: 500px; for text.
Without using javascript (ala something like thickbox, etc. for positioning photos/captions centered), the closest I could come to was this:
<body style="height:200px; min-height:800px;">
<div style="background: url('background.png') no-repeat center; height:100%;">
<div style="text-align: center; position:relative; top:50%; color:#fff;">
Some text here.
</div>
</div>
</body>
Note that I had to specify some sort of height for the container (in this case the BODY but it could also have been applied to the wrapper DIV I think). In Explorer 6, you can set the BODY height to 100% but in Firefox this doesn't work and probably won't work in other modern browsers.
EDIT:
Found a better solution:
<style type="text/css">
html, body {height:100%;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div style="background: url('background.png') no-repeat center; height:100%;">
<div style="text-align: center; position:relative; top:50%; color:#fff;">
Some text here.
</div>
</div>
</body>
If you want to get VERTICAL centering, I would suggest to use a table inside the DIV (as suggested by Cletus above other ways might be tedious).
div.centered table {margin: 0 auto;} /* no width needs to be specified for table */
div.centered table td {vertical-align: middle;} /* replace this with vertical-align: top; to disable vertical centering */
<!-- borders added only to help understanding -->
<div class="centered" style="border: 1px solid #cccccc;">
<table style="border: 1px solid #ff0000;">
<tbody>
<tr><td>
Some text here
</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
If you are only interested in HORIZONTAL centering (no vertical) you can use only DIV:
div.centered div {margin: 0 auto; width: 300px;} /* some width MUST be specified to center a DIV. */
<!-- borders added only to help understanding -->
<div class="centered" style="border: 1px solid #cccccc;">
<div style="border: 1px solid #ff0000;">
Some text here
</div>
</div>
As you might have noticed in order to horizontally align a DIV inside a DIV you also need to specify a fixed width for the inner DIV. This might be somehow not what you want to do, so it might be easier to use always the 1st solution (the one with TABLE) and simply remove the "vertical-align: middle;" when you want to get only horizontal centering.
I tested this using document with:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
on IE7, FF 3.6, SAFARI 4.0.4
Related
I have an <img> that I want to center in a <div>. All previous answers I've found here use some hack or require you to know the image's width, which varies in my case.
Horizontal centering with text-align: center on the parent is easy. I can't figure out how to vertically align.
jsFiddle example
FYI Facebook does this well using just HTML and CSS. So please no <table> or javascript hacks. It looks like they are using something with line-height to make their <img> vertically center.
Remember that vertical-align: middle; is not to useful on its own, you also need to set the line-height: line-height:400px;.
This is useful if you have no other text in your <div> (except maybe a single line).
Working example: http://jsfiddle.net/kobi/ZfMYy/5/
Add a rule in your css class:
{vertical-align:middle;}
html, body, #wrapper {
height:100%;
width: 100%;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
border: 0;
}
#wrapper td {
vertical-align: middle;
text-align: center;
}
<html>
<body>
<table id="wrapper">
<tr>
<td><img src="logo.png" alt="" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
As #kobi mentioned in a comment, all you need to do is set a line-height on your containing div. No tables.
jsFiddle example of vertically centered image
I have a 1000px wide page that holds output in a table that is much wider than the rest of the page. I have no problem with scrolling horizontally to read all of the data but the backgrounds of the surrounding divs like the header and footer are not repeating out with the large table.
I read some tips about adding "display:inline-block" to a div around the large table, but I still haven't found a solution.
Help is much appreciated.
<div id="top_ad">
</div>
<div id="header">
</div>
<table>
THIS IS THE HUGE TABLE
</table>
<div id="footer">
</div>
The header div's background is repeating out because I have the image set as the BODY's background as opposed to the "header" div. However the "top_ad" and "footer" div's backgrounds stop at 1000px. My CSS below:
body {
background:url(/images/header_background_repeat.jpg) repeat-x 0 110px;
padding:0;
margin:0;
font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size: 13px;
color:#262626;
text-align:center;
}
#top_ad {
width:100%;
height:100px;
background: #0f3245;
text-align:center;
padding-top:10px;
}
#footer {
border-top: 6px solid #C9660D;
padding-top: 0;
width: 100%;
}
It sounds like you just need a scrollable div to contain your table. Here I use width 100% but you may want to use a width = to the width of your page.
http://jsfiddle.net/XXhzp/
<div id="tablecontainer" style="width: 100%; overflow: scroll;">
<table>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
append a width of 100% to your body
Try adding a container div around everything in the page. Presumably, that div will take on the width of the child table and will then confer that width to the other divs if they are set to 100%.
This question already has answers here:
Closed 11 years ago.
Possible Duplicate:
Vertically Center HTML Element Within a Div of Dynamic Height
I am currently designing a website for which i need to vertically center some content. The design is pretty basic: a fixed height header (left-aligned and always at the top of the page), and underneath that vertically centered images in a horizontal row (yes, horizontal scrolling, i know).
Ideally i would want the vertical centering of the images to be based on the 100% height of the viewport - the header (so a dynamic height that prevents the content from overlapping the header).
An example of the website can be found on http://bit.ly/vl1XNY, which is currently using tables for layout. The css and html i used can be found there too (of course).
I am aware of various solutions for centering content vertically within a container of fixed height, however none of them have worked for me because i'm using variable height and do not want to use absolute positioning (to prevent overlap). I have looked around and tried the table-cell solution, the line-height one, and the absolute positioning one.
So far the only solution that has worked exactly as i intended was using tables. But i would like to refrain from using them. Is anyone aware of a valid css and html solution for this problem? Or at least a more graceful solution?
Wohh, talk about timing, i was looking for such a solution just a few minutes ago and stumbled upon an article on this subject exactly, you can read it all about it here: Centering in the Unknown.
You can easily modify your code to make it work like so:
CSS
#wrapper {
background: none repeat scroll 0 0 blue;
height: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
#wrapper:before {
content: "";
display: inline-block;
height: 100%;
vertical-align: middle;
}
.center {
display: inline-block;
padding: 10px 15px;
vertical-align: middle;
width: 460px;
}
HTML
<div id="wrapper">
<div class="center">
<img src="images/a_1.jpg" alt=" ">
</div>
<div class="center">
<img src="images/a_2.jpg" alt=" ">
</div>
</div>
You can try the following code:
<div style="display:table-cell;">
<img src="..." style="... vertical-align:middle;">
<img src="..." style="... vertical-align:middle;">
</div>
Please check the above code in the context of all HTML:
<style type="text/css">
html, body {height:100%;}
body {
margin:0; padding:0;
}
#header {
height:1.7em;
}
#content {
display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; height:500px;
}
</style>
<div id="header"></div>
<div id="content">
<img src="..." style="... vertical-align:middle;">
<img src="..." style="... vertical-align:middle;">
</div>
This will only work with a fixed height table-cell, which can be achieved by calculating current viewport height with javascript
I currently use this way to center divs using a table and CSS:
<table width="69" border="0" align="center">
<tr>
<td width="59">
<div style="position:relative;">
<div style="position:absolute; text-align:left; top: 100px;">div2 content goes here</div>
<div style="position:absolute;text-align:left;">div content goes here</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
Here's the sample: http://2slick.com/div_center.html
Notice how expanding the browser doesn't change the centering of the divs. Does anyone know a way to do something similar using CSS and less code?
Give the div a fixed width and set both left and right margins to auto.
.centeredDiv {
width: 800px;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}
Common method is without using a table, set div margin:0 auto in its style.
Using a table isn't the best idea when trying to do positioning, unless you're displaying data. If you're trying to use a center layout page design check this out: http://simplebits.com/notebook/2004/09/08/centering/
margin:auto
Should do the trick on the centered div. To recreate your example pretty closely:
<div style="width:100px; margin:auto">
<div style="width:100px;">div content goes here</div>
<div style="width:100px;">div2 content goes here</div>
</div>
You can then add padding, text alignment etc as needed. Also good to get the inline styles out, but for examples inline is convenient.
Just set auto margins. See this page:
http://www.bluerobot.com/web/css/center1.html
Here goes...
CSS:
body {
text-align: center;
}
div {
width: 59px;
margin: auto;
text-align: left;
}
HTML:
<div>I'm a div!</div>
<div>So am I!</div>
I'm trying to make a 100% height layout with a footer at the bottom. I have a site wrapper, in which I have two content divs. In the second content div I have a footer at the bottom. The problem is the top content div seems to be pushing the second content div beyond the website wrapper.
This is the code I'm experimenting with:
<style type="text/css">
html, body { height:100%;}
#sitecontainer {
height:100%;
border: medium #000 solid;
}
#contentcontainerone{
border: medium #F00 solid;
}
#contentcontainertwo{
height:100%;
border: medium #00F solid;
position:relative;
}
#footer{
position:absolute;
bottom:0;
width:100%;
text-align:center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="sitecontainer">
<div id="contentcontainerone">
Some content <br />
Some content <br />
Some content <br />
Some content <br />
Some content <br />
</div>
<div id="contentcontainertwo">
<div id="footer">Footer</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
This is the link to the page: http://www.smsidat.com/test/index.html
What I basically want to achieve is that the website should always be 100% height wise and so stretch to the bottom of the browser window or where the content ends if it's of greater height with a footer at the bottom. So ideally, the div with the blue border should remain within the wrapper which has the black border and stretch no further than the bottom of the browser window or the end of the content if it's greater.
Would appreciate any ideas how to fix this, thanks.
Here the solution:
html, body
{
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
#sitecontainer
{
height: 100%;
position: relative;
}
#footer /*OUTSIDE THE CONTAINER */
{
bottom: 0;
position: absolute;
height: 50px; /*change this*/
}
Using the <table> tag is indeed not recommended for layout.
CSS3 has many ways to solve this as described above (use 100% height for the container and their parents all the way to the html tag). There are cases (ref: Eric Meyer, Smashing CSS book) however, when the CSS display: table-cell style attribute can be appropriate for layout ... such that at least it puts the layout control back in the CSS versus the content as a best-practice.
Trying to align a DIV at the bottom of another div can be tricky. There are hackish ways to accomplish this but I would recommend just using a table.
<table>
<tr>
<td><div id="header"></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div id="content"></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div id="footer"></div></td>
</tr>
</table>
Then use CSS to define the heights of each DIV, with the content DIV stretching with the page until overflow occurs while the header and footer DIVs stay at their original heights.