How can I find a Qt metaobject instance from a class name? - qt

Is there a way to find the QMetaObject instance of a class, given the class name? what I like to do is to load objects from disk, but for this to happen, I need a way to retrieve a QMetaObject instance using the name of a class, in order to use the QMetaObject to create an instance.

You should be able to do this with QMetaType. You might need Q_DECLARE_META_TYPE() and/or qRegisterMetaType() to make your types known. Then it should work roughly like in this example from the link:
int id = QMetaType::type("MyClass");
if (id == 0) {
void *myClassPtr = QMetaType::construct(id);
...
QMetaType::destroy(id, myClassPtr);
myClassPtr = 0;
}

I have been facing the same problem recently. I needed the metaobject without having to create an instance of the class itself. Best I could do is to create a global / static function that retrieves the qmetaobject given the class name. I achieved this by using QObject::staticMetaObject.
QMetaObject GetMetaObjectByClassName(QString strClassName)
{
QMetaObject metaObj;
if (strClassName.compare("MyClass1") == 0)
{
metaObj = MyClass1::staticMetaObject;
}
else if (strClassName.compare("MyClass2") == 0)
{
metaObj = MyClass2::staticMetaObject;
}
else if (strClassName.compare("MyClass3") == 0)
{
metaObj = MyClass3::staticMetaObject;
}
else if (strClassName.compare("MyClass4") == 0)
{
metaObj = MyClass4::staticMetaObject;
}
else if (strClassName.compare("MyClass5") == 0)
{
metaObj = MyClass5::staticMetaObject;
}
// and so on, you get the idea ...
return metaObj;
}
See : http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qobject.html#staticMetaObject-var
If somebody has a better option, please share !

You can store the MetaClass instances you will need in a Hash or Map, and then retrieve them via whatever name you stored them under

For your case the appropriate solution can be using Qt plugin mechanism. It offers functionality to easily load shared/dynamic library and check if it contains implementation of some desired interface, if so - create the instance. Details can be found here: How to Create Qt Plugins

You can also take a look at the function: QMetaType::metaObjectForType which
returns QMetaType::metaObject for type
Update: That's my code, it create a class by class name. (Note that the class must be registered with qRegisterMetaType (or is QObject base)
int typeId = QMetaType::type("MyClassName");
const QMetaObject *metaObject = QMetaType::metaObjectForType(typeId);
QObject *o = metaObject->newInstance();
MyClassName *myObj = qobject_cast<MyClassName*>(o);
Update 2: I have forgot to say. Yout class's constructor must be marked as Q_INVOKABLE

Related

Find out from an object as an interface whose instance it is

I have the following scenario (https://run.dlang.io/is/19OOW9):
import std.stdio;
void main(string[] args)
{
inter1 c1 = new foo();
foo c2 = new foo();
writeln("Origin=interface: ", typeof(c1).stringof);
writeln("Origin=class: ", typeof(c2).stringof);
}
interface inter1 {
}
class foo : inter1 {
}
I work with interfaces and have different implementations for them. Now I need to know which concrete implementation is currently being used. So in the example above, I would like to know from c1 that it is an instance of the class foo.
Is this possible in the language D?
I have already tried the possibilities of object (e.g. TypeInfo_Class) and std.traits. Unfortunately without success.
A workaround is, of course, to provide the interface with a suitable meta method (https://run.dlang.io/is/Xnt0TO):
import std.stdio;
void main(string[] args)
{
inter1 c1 = new foo();
foo c2 = new foo();
writeln("Origin=interface: ", c1.strategyName);
writeln("Origin=class: ", c2.strategyName);
}
interface inter1 {
#property string strategyName() const;
}
class foo : inter1 {
#property string strategyName() const {
return "foo";
}
}
However, this is cumbersome and unusual for D. I can well imagine that there is a better implementation of this.
Best regards
Thorsten
It is quite simple actually: first cast to Object, then fetch the typeid, after a null check:
Object o = cast(Object) your_object;
if(o is null) { /* i don't think this ever happens but you should check anyway */ }
writeln(typeid(o)); // will tell the class name
If you want to call a method on a specific class, you can just cast directly to your class, and again, null check it.
The intermediate cast to Object allows the typeid (aka classinfo) to succeed, whereas calling it directly on an interface always returns the typeid of the interface itself. This is because a D interface is defined to be very thin for maximum compatibility with other languages and doesn't automatically assume run time type information is actually present through it. But the cast to Object tells it you are assuming the RTTI is present, and then typeid will pull it.
Note that the typeid data doesn't provide a whole lot of information... it is mostly just what's needed for dynamic cast, comparison, and other features of the language runtime. But one convenience method it has is a class name and toString methods, which is why the writeln succeeds. But if you're looking for more detailed runtime reflection, you'll have to do it with a CT bridge function, or probably better yet, just write your own methods in the interface.
But if all you need is the class name, use that toString. It gives the fully-qualified name, including module name, so instead of foo, you will get like yourmodule.foo. You can just cut that off if you like by slicing at the dot.

Access Kotlin Delegate Type without an Instance

I have read Access property delegate in Kotlin which is about accessing a delegate from an instance. One can use KProperty::getDelegate since Kotlin 1.1, however this will return the instance of the delegate and therefore needs an instance of the class first.
Now I want to get the type of the delegate without having an instance of the class. Consider a library with a custom delegate type CustomDelegate that want's to get all properties of a class that are delegated to an instance of CustomDelegate:
class Example
{
var nonDelegatedProperty = "I don't care about this property"
var delegatedProperty1 by lazy { "I don't care about this too" }
var delegatedProperty2 by CustomDelegate("I care about this one")
}
How can I, given I have KClass<Example>, but not an instance of Example, get all properties delegated to CustomDelegate?
How can I, given I have KClass<Example>, but not an instance of
Example, get all properties delegated to CustomDelegate?
You can do it in two ways depending on your needs.
First of all, you have to include the kotlin-reflect dependency in your build.gradle file:
compile "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect:1.1.51"
In my opinion, you should use the first solution if you can, because it's the most clear and optimized one. The second solution instead, can handle one case that the first solution can't.
First
You can loop an the declared properties and check if the type of the property or the type of the delegate is CustomDelegate.
// Loop on the properties of this class.
Example::class.declaredMemberProperties.filter { property ->
// If the type of field is CustomDelegate or the delegate is an instance of CustomDelegate,
// it will return true.
CustomDelegate::class.java == property.javaField?.type
}
There's only one problem with this solution, you will get also the fields with type CustomDelegate, so, given this example:
class Example {
var nonDelegatedProperty = "I don't care about this property"
val delegatedProperty1 by lazy { "I don't care about this too" }
val delegatedProperty2 by CustomDelegate("I care about this one")
val customDelegate = CustomDelegate("jdo")
}
You will get delegatedProperty2 and customDelegate. If you want to get only delegatedProperty2, I found an horrible solution that you can use if you need to manage this case.
Second
If you check the source code of KPropertyImpl, you can see how a delegation is implemented. So, you can do something like this:
// Loop on the properties of this class.
Example::class.declaredMemberProperties.filter { property ->
// You must check in all superclasses till you find the right method.
property::class.allSuperclasses.find {
val computeField = try {
// Find the protected method "computeDelegateField".
it.declaredFunctions.find { it.name == "computeDelegateField" } ?: return#find false
} catch (t: Throwable) {
// Catch KotlinReflectionInternalError.
return#find false
}
// Get the delegate or null if the delegate is not present.
val delegateField = computeField.call(property) as? Field
// If the delegate was null or the type is different from CustomDelegate, it will return false.
CustomDelegate::class.java == delegateField?.type
} != null
}
In this case, you will get only delegatedProperty2 as result.

Inserting dynamic-allocated objects into QHash

I have a QHash<QString, myClass*> objects and in order to insert I did the following:
myClass *value = objects.value(key);
if(!value) {
value = new myClass;
objects.insert(key, value);
}
Is this right approach?
Your solution is one of several possible correct approaches.
I usually do it like this as I find it a bit more readable
if( !objects.contains( key ) )
{
objects.insert( key, new MyClass );
}
MyClass* value = objects.value( key);
As already suggested by Marek R, you can use smart pointers for easier memory management:
QHash< QString, QSharedPointer< MyClass > > objects;
// ...
QSharedPointer< MyClass > value = objects.value( key );
Since C++11, I prefer using std::shared_ptr.
This allows you to not care about delete calls; just make sure you always use QSharedPointer< MyClass > instead of MyClass* everywhere. Also, you mustn't use shared pointers for QObject subclasses which have a parent, as the parent object will store a regular pointer for it.

Convert a QStandardItemModel to a QVariant

I'm trying to send a QStandardItemModel-derived object to PythonQt, but I'm a little confused on how it needs to be sent. When I was using boost::python I had several controls like boost::noncopyable to ensure I wasn't recreating this object, but sharing it with python. I also had constructs to provide a boost shared pointer to python from inside python.
class Scene : public boost::enable_shared_from_this<Scene>, public QStandardItemModel
In PythonQt, however, I'm not sure what's available. The function call takes a QVariantList for all the function parameters.
QVariant PythonQt::call(PyObject* object, const QString &callable, const QVariantList &args = QVariantList))
What I'm confused about now is how to get my object to python via a QVariant. Since its derived from QStandardItemModel, I figured it would already be register
void MyObject::someFunction(QString fileName)
{
QVariant myObjectV = qVariantFromValue(this);
// send to python
...
}
But this gives me the following error:
'qt_metatype_id' : is not a member of 'QMetaTypeId<MyObject>'
I've tried registering it after I declare my class, but this throws a different error.
class MyObject : public QStandardItemModel
{
Q_OBJECT
...
};
Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(MyObject)
QStandardItemModel::QStandardItemModel(const QStandardItemModel&) is private within this context.
I actually get the error twice--once in header where I add the Q_DECLARE_METATYPE and in another header, which has a class which always derives from QStandardItemModel but is otherwise unrelated.
Is Q_DECLARE_METATYPE even the correct way to go about converting this object to a QVariant?
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(scene)
{
class_("Scene");
}
Yes, by default, QVariant can take one of te following types - http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qvariant.html#Type-enum - and they are not enough for your task. You should declare additional types by yourself via qmetatype system. Thus you shoud call qRegisterMetaType() function.

Flex: AMF and Enum Singletons – can they play well together?

I'm using Python+PyAMF to talk back and forth with Flex clients, but I've run into a problem with the psudo-Enum-Singletons I'm using:
class Type {
public static const EMPTY:Type = new Type("empty");
public static const FULL:Type = new Type("full");
...
}
When I'm using locally created instances, everything is peachy:
if (someInstance.type == Type.EMPTY) { /* do things */ }
But, if 'someInstance' has come from the Python code, it's instance of 'type' obviously won't be either Type.EMPTY or Type.FULL.
So, what's the best way to make my code work?
Is there some way I can control AMF's deserialization, so when it loads a remote Type, the correct transformation will be called? Or should I just bite the bullet and compare Types using something other than ==? Or could I somehow trick the == type cohesion into doing what I want?
Edit: Alternately, does Flex's remoting suite provide any hooks which run after an instance has been deserialized, so I could perform a conversion then?
Random thought: Maybe you could create a member function on Type that will return the canonical version that matches it?
Something like:
class Type {
public static const EMPTY:Type = new Type("empty");
public static const FULL:Type = new Type("full");
...
// I'm assuming this is where that string passed
// in to the constructor goes, and that it's unique.
private var _typeName:String;
public function get canonical():Type {
switch(this._typeName) {
case "empty": return EMPTY;
case "full": return FULL;
/*...*/
}
}
}
As long as you know which values come from python you would just convert them initially:
var fromPython:Type = /*...*/
var t:Type = fromPython.canonical;
then use t after that.
If you can't tell when things come from python and when they're from AS3 then it would get pretty messy, but if you have an isolation layer between the AS and python code you could just make sure you do the conversion there.
It's not as clean as if you could control the deserialization, but as long as you've got a good isolation layer it should work.

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