Rearranging a data frame from row id to column id - r

Lets say I have a data frame created as
id <- c("a","b","c","d","e","f")
a <- c(6,4,3,6,4,9)
b <- c(8,5,2,9,0,1)
df <- cbind.data.frame(id,a,b)
which gives the output as
id x y
1 a 6 8
2 b 4 5
3 c 3 2
4 d 6 9
5 e 4 0
6 f 9 1
This is of course a smaller reproducible version of my actual problem. In my actual scenario I have created a data frame from multiple .xlsx files in the following manner
files <- list.files(path = "Discharge", pattern = "*_SUMQH.xls", full.names = T)
strm_data <- sapply(files, read_xlsx, simplify=FALSE) %>%
bind_rows(.id = "id")
strm_data <- as.data.frame(strm_data[,-(7:19)])
strm_data <- na.omit(strm_data)
row.names(strm_data) <- NULL
What I want is to arrange the data frame in the following manner
id x y id x y id x y id x y id x y id x y
1 a 6 8 b 4 5 c 3 2 d 6 9 e 4 0 f 9 1

Try the base R code below, using cbind + split
> do.call(cbind, unname(split(df, 1:nrow(df))))
id a b id a b id a b id a b id a b id a b
1 a 6 8 b 4 5 c 3 2 d 6 9 e 4 0 f 9 1

Here is really basic solution:
cbind(df[1,], df[2,], df[3,], df[4,], df[5,], df[6,])
Output:
id x y id x y id x y id x y id x y id x y
1 a 6 8 b 4 5 c 3 2 d 6 9 e 4 0 f 9 1

Related

is it possible to filter rows of one dataframe based on another dataframe?

is it possible to filter rows of one dataframe based on another dataframe?
I have this 2 dataframe:
df_node <- data.frame( id= c("a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i"),
group= c(1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3))
df_link <- data.frame(from = c("a","d","f","i","b"),
to = c("d","f","i","b","h"))
I would like to delete the lines with characters that are not present in the second dataframe, like this:
here is a basic way to do that:
df_node <- data.frame( id= c("a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i"),
group= c(1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3))
df_link <- data.frame(from = c("a","d","f","i","b"),
to = c("d","f","i","b","h"))
library(dplyr)
df_result <- df_node%>%
filter(id%in%c(df_link$from,df_link$to))
df_result
# > df_result
# id group
# 1 a 1
# 2 b 1
# 3 d 2
# 4 f 2
# 5 h 3
# 6 i 3
We could use a semi_join:
library(dplyr)
df_node |>
semi_join(tibble(id = c(df_link$from, df_link$to)))
Output:
id group
1 a 1
2 b 1
3 d 2
4 f 2
5 h 3
6 i 3
Here is a oneliner with base R:
df_node[df_node$id %in% unlist(df_link),]
id group
1 a 1
2 b 1
4 d 2
6 f 2
8 h 3
9 i 3
But you could also use a join:
library(dplyr)
df_uniqueID <- data.frame(id = unique(c(df_link$from,df_link$to)) )
right_join(df_node,df_uniqueID)
Joining, by = "id"
id group
1 a 1
2 b 1
3 d 2
4 f 2
5 h 3
6 i 3

Concatenate values in two data frames in R

Given two dataframes with the same column names:
a <- data.frame(x=1:4,y=5:8)
b <- data.frame(x=LETTERS[1:4],y=LETTERS[5:8])
>a
x y
1 5
2 6
3 7
4 8
>b
x y
A E
B F
C G
D H
How can each column with the same name be concatentated?
Desired output:
cat_x cat_y
1 A 5 E
2 B 6 F
3 C 7 G
4 D 8 H
Tried so far, merging columns one at a time:
a$cat_x <- paste(a$x,b$x)
a$cat_y <- paste(a$y,b$y)
This approach works, but the real data has 40 columns (and will include multiple more dataframes). Looking for a more efficient method for larger dataframes.
We may use Map to do this on a loop
data.frame(Map(paste, setNames(a, paste0("cat_", names(a))), b,
MoreArgs = list(sep = "_")))
-output
cat_x cat_y
1 1_A 5_E
2 2_B 6_F
3 3_C 7_G
4 4_D 8_H
Used sep above in case we want to add a delimiter. Or else by default it will be space
data.frame(Map(paste, setNames(a, paste0("cat_", names(a))), b ))
cat_x cat_y
1 1 A 5 E
2 2 B 6 F
3 3 C 7 G
4 4 D 8 H
Another possible solution, using purrr::map2_dfc:
library(tidyverse)
map2_dfc(a,b, ~ str_c(.x, .y, sep = " ")) %>%
rename_with(~ str_c("cat", .x, sep = "_"))
#> # A tibble: 4 × 2
#> cat_x cat_y
#> <chr> <chr>
#> 1 1 A 5 E
#> 2 2 B 6 F
#> 3 3 C 7 G
#> 4 4 D 8 H

Efficient recoding of numeric variables into a factor in a data.frame

In recoding values of numeric variables like var1 below into character values, sometimes there is an easy patter. For example, suppose numeric values 1:4 in var1 need to be recoded as LETTERS[27-(4:1)], respectively.
In such situations, is it possible to avoid writing var1 = recode(var1,1="W",2="X",3="Y",4="Z") and instead loop the recoding?
library(tidyverse)
(dat <- data.frame(var1 = rep(1:4,2), id = 1:8))
mutate(dat, var1 = recode(var1,`1`="W",`2`="X",`3`="Y",`4`="Z")) # This works but can we
# loop it as well?
We can use a vectorized approach, no loops necessary. tail and base subsetting with [ will do the trick here.
library(dplyr)
dat %>% mutate(var1=tail(LETTERS, max(var1))[var1] %>% as.factor)
var1 id
1 W 1
2 X 2
3 Y 3
4 Z 4
5 W 5
6 X 6
7 Y 7
8 Z 8
data
dat <- data.frame(var1 = rep(1:4,2), id = 1:8)
data2
dat2 <- data.frame(var1 = c(2,1,3,1,4:1), id = 1:8))
var1 id
1 2 1
2 1 2
3 3 3
4 1 4
5 4 5
6 3 6
7 2 7
8 1 8
output2
var1 id
1 X 1
2 W 2
3 Y 3
4 W 4
5 Z 5
6 Y 6
7 X 7
8 W 8
You can use -
library(dplyr)
dat %>% mutate(var1 = LETTERS[length(LETTERS)-max(var1) + var1])
# var1 id
#1 W 1
#2 X 2
#3 Y 3
#4 Z 4
#5 W 5
#6 X 6
#7 Y 7
#8 Z 8
you can also just use the labels argument of factor()
library(dplyr)
dat <- data.frame(var1 = rep(1:4,2), id = 1:8) %>%
mutate(var1 = factor(var1, labels = tail(LETTERS, 4)))
dat
var1 id
1 W 1
2 X 2
3 Y 3
4 Z 4
5 W 5
6 X 6
7 Y 7
8 Z 8

List into tibble using list names as values in one column

I would like to transform a list like this:
l <- list(x = c(1, 2), y = c(3, 4, 5))
into a tibble like this:
Name Value
x 1
x 2
y 3
y 4
y 5
I think nothing will be easier than using the stack-function from base R:
df <- stack(l)
gives you a dataframe back:
> df
values ind
1 1 x
2 2 x
3 3 y
4 4 y
5 5 y
Because you asked for tibble as output, you can do as_tibble(df) (from the tibble-package) to get that.
Or more directly: df <- as_tibble(stack(l)).
Another pure base R method:
df <- data.frame(ind = rep(names(l), lengths(l)), value = unlist(l), row.names = NULL)
which gives a similar result:
> df
ind value
1 x 1
2 x 2
3 y 3
4 y 4
5 y 5
The row.names = NULL isn't necessarily needed but gives rownumbers as rownames.
Update
I found a better solution.
This works both in case of simple and complicated lists like the one I posted before (below)
l %>% map_dfr(~ .x %>% as_tibble(), .id = "name")
give us
# A tibble: 5 x 2
name value
<chr> <dbl>
1 x 1.
2 x 2.
3 y 3.
4 y 4.
5 y 5.
==============================================
Original answer
From tidyverse:
l %>%
map(~ as_tibble(.x)) %>%
map2(names(.), ~ add_column(.x, Name = rep(.y, nrow(.x)))) %>%
bind_rows()
give us
# A tibble: 5 × 2
value Name
<dbl> <chr>
1 1 x
2 2 x
3 3 y
4 4 y
5 5 y
The stack function from base R is great for simple lists as Jaap showed.
However, with more complicated lists like:
l <- list(
a = list(num = 1:3, let_a = letters[1:3]),
b = list(num = 101:103, let_b = letters[4:6]),
c = list()
)
we get
stack(l)
values ind
1 1 a
2 2 a
3 3 b
4 a b
5 b a
6 c a
7 101 b
8 102 b
9 103 a
10 d a
11 e b
12 f b
which is wrong.
The tidyverse solution shown above works fine, keeping the data from different elements of the nested list separated:
# A tibble: 6 × 4
num let Name lett
<int> <chr> <chr> <chr>
1 1 a a <NA>
2 2 b a <NA>
3 3 c a <NA>
4 101 <NA> b d
5 102 <NA> b e
6 103 <NA> b f
We can use melt from reshape2
library(reshape2)
melt(l)
# value L1
#1 1 x
#2 2 x
#3 3 y
#4 4 y
#5 5 y

How to merge and sum two data frames

Here is my issue:
df1 <- data.frame(x = 1:5, y = 2:6, z = 3:7)
rownames(df1) <- LETTERS[1:5]
df1
x y z
A 1 2 3
B 2 3 4
C 3 4 5
D 4 5 6
E 5 6 7
df2 <- data.frame(x = 1:5, y = 2:6, z = 3:7)
rownames(df2) <- LETTERS[3:7]
df2
x y z
C 1 2 3
D 2 3 4
E 3 4 5
F 4 5 6
G 5 6 7
what I wanted is:
x y z
A 1 2 3
B 2 3 4
C 4 6 8
D 6 8 10
E 8 10 12
F 4 5 6
G 5 6 7
where duplicated rows were added up by same variable.
A solution with base R:
# create a new variable from the rownames
df1$rn <- rownames(df1)
df2$rn <- rownames(df2)
# bind the two dataframes together by row and aggregate
res <- aggregate(cbind(x,y,z) ~ rn, rbind(df1,df2), sum)
# or (thx to #alistaire for reminding me):
res <- aggregate(. ~ rn, rbind(df1,df2), sum)
# assign the rownames again
rownames(res) <- res$rn
# get rid of the 'rn' column
res <- res[, -1]
which gives:
> res
x y z
A 1 2 3
B 2 3 4
C 4 6 8
D 6 8 10
E 8 10 12
F 4 5 6
G 5 6 7
With dplyr,
library(dplyr)
# add rownames as a column in each data.frame and bind rows
bind_rows(df1 %>% add_rownames(),
df2 %>% add_rownames()) %>%
# evaluate following calls for each value in the rowname column
group_by(rowname) %>%
# add all non-grouping variables
summarise_all(sum)
## # A tibble: 7 x 4
## rowname x y z
## <chr> <int> <int> <int>
## 1 A 1 2 3
## 2 B 2 3 4
## 3 C 4 6 8
## 4 D 6 8 10
## 5 E 8 10 12
## 6 F 4 5 6
## 7 G 5 6 7
could also vectorize the operation turning the dfs to matrices:
result_df <- as.data.frame(as.matrix(df1) + as.matrix(df2))
This might need some teaking to get the rownames logic working on a longer example:
dfr <-rbind(df1,df2)
do.call(rbind, lapply( split(dfr, sapply(rownames(dfr),substr,1,1)), colSums))
x y z
A 1 2 3
B 2 3 4
C 4 6 8
D 6 8 10
E 8 10 12
F 4 5 6
G 5 6 7
If the rownames could all be assumed to be alpha characters a gsub solution should be easy.
An alternative is to melt the data and cast it. At first we set the row names to the last column of both data frames thanks to #Jaap
df1$rn <- rownames(df1)
df2$rn <- rownames(df2)
Then we melt the data based on the name
melt(list(df1, df2), id.vars = "rn")
Then we use dcast with mget function which is used to retrieve multiple variables at once.
mydf<- dcast(melt(mget(ls(pattern = "df\\d+")), id.vars = "rn"),
rn ~ variable, value.var = "value", fun.aggregate = sum)
rownames(mydf) <- mydf$rn
# get rid of the 'rn' column
mydf <- mydf[, -1]
> mydf
# x y z
#A 1 2 3
#B 2 3 4
#C 4 6 8
#D 6 8 10
#E 8 10 12
#F 4 5 6
#G 5 6 7

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