How can I play a .wav file in python 3.6? - wav

Currently, I'm making a program using python 3.6, and I've been trying to make a sound effect occur after pressing a button. I found something from a different question asked, found here. Down below is my code.
from tkinter import *
window = Tk()
c = Canvas(window, height=100, width=100, bg='blue')
c.pack()
with open('Users/lenonvo/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python 3.6/Python 3
Files/Python [3.6.3]/Sounds/Blook Game/Attack.wav','rb') as f:
data = base64.b64encode(f.read())
def playSound():
sound = winsound.PlaySound(base64.b64decode(data), winsound.SND_MEMORY)
def sound(event):
global sound
if event.keysym == 'Up':
playSound()
c.pack('<Key>', sound)
Then I got this error message:
RESTART: C:\Users\lenonvo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Python 3
Files\Python 3.6.3\Test2.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\lenonvo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Python 3
Files\Python 3.6.3\Test2.py", line 7, in <module>
with open('Users/lenonvo/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python 3.6/Python
3 Files/Python [3.6.3]/Sounds/Blook Game/Attack.wav','rb') as f:
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory:
'Users/lenonvo/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python 3.6/Python 3
Files/Python [3.6.3]/Sounds/Blook Game/Attack.wav'
Any suggestions?
Also, I am not an advanced python coder, so if your answer could be simplistic, it would be very much appreciated. =]
Now one problem is fixed, thanks to Patrick Artner, but now this error message comes up:
data = base64.b64decode(f.read())
NameError: name 'base64' is not defined

This:
with open('Users/lenonvo/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python 3.6/Python 3 Files/Python [3.6.3]/Sounds/Blook Game/Attack.wav','rb') as f:
is a relative path to where your prog runs.
Use
with open('C:/Users/lenonvo/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python 3.6/Python 3 Files/Python [3.6.3]/Sounds/Blook Game/Attack.wav','rb') as f:
^^^^

Related

Calling Julia from Streamlit App using PyJulia

I'm trying to use a julia function from a streamlit app. Created a toy example to test the interaction, simply returning a matrix from a julia functions based on a single parameter to specify the value of the diagonal elements.
Will also note at the outset that both julia_import_method = "api_compiled_false" and julia_import_method = "main_include" works when importing the function in Spyder IDE (rather than at the command line to launch the streamlit app via streamlit run streamlit_julia_test.py).
My project directory looks like:
├── my_project_directory
│   ├── julia_test.jl
│   └── streamlit_julia_test.py
The julia function is in julia_test.jl and just simply returns a matrix with diagonals specified by the v parameter:
function get_matrix_from_julia(v::Int)
m=[v 0
0 v]
return m
end
The streamlit app is streamlit_julia_test.py and is defined as:
import os
from io import BytesIO
import numpy as np
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import streamlit as st
# options:
# main_include
# api_compiled_false
# dont_import_julia
julia_import_method = "api_compiled_false"
if julia_import_method == "main_include":
# works in Spyder IDE
import julia
from julia import Main
Main.include("julia_test.jl")
elif julia_import_method == "api_compiled_false":
# works in Spyder IDE
from julia.api import Julia
jl = Julia(compiled_modules=False)
this_dir = os.getcwd()
julia_test_path = """include(\""""+ this_dir + """/julia_test.jl\"""" +")"""
print(julia_test_path)
jl.eval(julia_test_path)
get_matrix_from_julia = jl.eval("get_matrix_from_julia")
elif julia_import_method == "dont_import_julia":
print("Not importing ")
else:
ValueError("Not handling this case:" + julia_import_method)
st.header('Using Julia in Streamlit App Example')
st.text("Using Method:" + julia_import_method)
matrix_element = st.selectbox('Set Matrix Diagonal to:', [1,2,3])
matrix_numpy = np.array([[matrix_element,0],[0,matrix_element]])
col1, col2 = st.columns([4,4])
with col1:
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(5,5))
sns.heatmap(matrix_numpy, ax = ax, cmap="Blues",annot=True)
ax.set_title('Matrix Using Python Numpy')
buf = BytesIO()
fig.savefig(buf, format="png")
st.image(buf)
with col2:
if julia_import_method == "dont_import_julia":
matrix_julia = matrix_numpy
else:
matrix_julia = get_matrix_from_julia(matrix_element)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(5,5))
sns.heatmap(matrix_julia, ax = ax, cmap="Blues",annot=True)
ax.set_title('Matrix from External Julia Script')
buf = BytesIO()
fig.savefig(buf, format="png")
st.image(buf)
If the app were working correctly, it would look like this (which can be reproduced by setting the julia_import_method = "dont_import_julia" on line 13):
Testing
When I try julia_import_method = "main_include", I get the well known error:
julia.core.UnsupportedPythonError: It seems your Julia and PyJulia setup are not supported.
Julia executable:
julia
Python interpreter and libpython used by PyCall.jl:
/Users/myusername/opt/anaconda3/bin/python3
/Users/myusername/opt/anaconda3/lib/libpython3.9.dylib
Python interpreter used to import PyJulia and its libpython.
/Users/myusername/opt/anaconda3/bin/python
/Users/myusername/opt/anaconda3/lib/libpython3.9.dylib
Your Python interpreter "/Users/myusername/opt/anaconda3/bin/python"
is statically linked to libpython. Currently, PyJulia does not fully
support such Python interpreter.
The easiest workaround is to pass `compiled_modules=False` to `Julia`
constructor. To do so, first *reboot* your Python REPL (if this happened
inside an interactive session) and then evaluate:
>>> from julia.api import Julia
>>> jl = Julia(compiled_modules=False)
Another workaround is to run your Python script with `python-jl`
command bundled in PyJulia. You can simply do:
$ python-jl PATH/TO/YOUR/SCRIPT.py
See `python-jl --help` for more information.
For more information, see:
https://pyjulia.readthedocs.io/en/latest/troubleshooting.html
As suggested, when I set julia_import_method = "api_compiled_false", I get a seg fault:
include("my_project_directory/julia_test.jl")
2022-04-03 10:23:13.406 Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/myusername/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/streamlit/script_runner.py", line 430, in _run_script
exec(code, module.__dict__)
File "my_project_directory/streamlit_julia_test.py", line 25, in <module>
jl = Julia(compiled_modules=False)
File "/Users/myusername/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/julia/core.py", line 502, in __init__
if not self.api.was_initialized: # = jl_is_initialized()
File "/Users/myusername/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/julia/libjulia.py", line 114, in __getattr__
return getattr(self.libjulia, name)
File "/Users/myusername/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/ctypes/__init__.py", line 395, in __getattr__
func = self.__getitem__(name)
File "/Users/myuserame/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/ctypes/__init__.py", line 400, in __getitem__
func = self._FuncPtr((name_or_ordinal, self))
AttributeError: dlsym(0x21b8e5840, was_initialized): symbol not found
signal (11): Segmentation fault: 11
in expression starting at none:0
Allocations: 35278345 (Pool: 35267101; Big: 11244); GC: 36
zsh: segmentation fault streamlit run streamlit_julia_test.py
I've also tried the alternative recommendation provided in the PyJulia response message regarding the use of:
python-jl my_project_directory/streamlit_julia_test.py
But I get this error when running the python-jl command:
INTEL MKL ERROR: dlopen(/Users/myusername/opt/anaconda3/lib/libmkl_intel_thread.1.dylib, 0x0009): Library not loaded: #rpath/libiomp5.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/myusername/opt/anaconda3/lib/libmkl_intel_thread.1.dylib
Reason: tried: '/Applications/Julia-1.7.app/Contents/Resources/julia/bin/../lib/libiomp5.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/local/lib/libiomp5.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/lib/libiomp5.dylib' (no such file).
Intel MKL FATAL ERROR: Cannot load libmkl_intel_thread.1.dylib.
So I'm stuck, thanks in advance for a modified reproducible example or instructions for the following system specs!
System specs:
Mac OS Monterey 12.2.1 (Chip - Mac M1 Pro)
Python 3.9.7
Julia 1.7.2
PyJulia 0.5.8.dev
Streamlit 1.7.0
yes we can use it streamlit_julia_test.py NumPy for instance

python3 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc2 in position 1233: ordinal not in range(128)

I'm reading the book-python crash course. I'm using python3.
in chapter 16, there is code like this:
import csv
filename = '/Users/pc/Desktop/CS
Book/Python_crash_course_practice/16.1/sitka_weather_07-2014.csv'
with open(filename) as f:
reader = csv.reader(f)
header_row = next(reader)
print(header_row)
but it doesn't work, and gave me an error as below. I don't know how to solve it. Is there someone can help me? thanks.
%run -i "/Users/pc/Desktop/CS Book/Python_crash_course_practice/16.1/highs_lows.py"
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
UnicodeDecodeError Traceback (most recent call last)
/Users/pc/Desktop/CS Book/Python_crash_course_practice/16.1/highs_lows.py in <module>()
4 with open(filename) as f:
5 reader = csv.reader(f)
----> 6 header_row = next(reader)
7 print(header_row)
8
/Users/pc/Library/Enthought/Canopy/edm/envs/User/lib/python3.5/encodings/ascii.py in decode(self, input, final)
24 class IncrementalDecoder(codecs.IncrementalDecoder):
25 def decode(self, input, final=False):
---> 26 return codecs.ascii_decode(input, self.errors)[0]
27
28 class StreamWriter(Codec,codecs.StreamWriter):
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc2 in position 1233: ordinal not in range(128)
There are non-ASCII characters in your file, so you need to specify the file encoding on reading.
You can also add this in the first line of your python script, to set utf-8 as default encoding
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

Working PySide example of Qt diagram editor?

When running the PySide Diagram Scene example (circa 2010), I get the error below. Is there a more current example of a basic diagram editor available?
C:\Python34\python.exe C:/Users/dle/Documents/Programming/Python/diagramscene.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/dle/Documents/Programming/Python/diagramscene.py", line 11, in <module>
import diagramscene_rc
File "C:\Users\dle\Documents\Programming\Python\diagramscene_rc.py", line 404, in <module>
qInitResources()
File "C:\Users\dle\Documents\Programming\Python\diagramscene_rc.py", line 399, in qInitResources
QtCore.qRegisterResourceData(0x01, qt_resource_struct, qt_resource_name, qt_resource_data)
TypeError: 'qRegisterResourceData' called with wrong argument types:
qRegisterResourceData(int, str, str, str)
Supported signatures:
qRegisterResourceData(int, unicode, unicode, unicode)
The problem is that the file diagramscene_rc.py has been generated for python2, to solve it you must recompile that file for it opens a terminal in the folder and executes the following command:
pyside-rcc diagramscene.qrc -o diagramscene_rc.py -py3
Or, place the letter b before assigning the variable as shown below:
qt_resource_data = "\
\x00\x00\x01\x12\
...
qt_resource_name = "\
\x00\x06\
...
qt_resource_struct = "\
\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x01\
....
to:
qt_resource_data = b"\
\x00\x00\x01\x12\
...
qt_resource_name = b"\
\x00\x06\
...
qt_resource_struct = b"\
\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x01\
....

html5lib: TypeError: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'encoding'

I'm trying to install html5lib. at first I tried to install the latest version (8 or 9 nines), but it came into conflict with my BeautifulSoup, so I decided to try older verison (0.9999999, seven nines ). I installed it, but when I try to use it:
>>> with urlopen("http://example.com/") as f:
document = html5lib.parse(f, encoding=f.info().get_content_charset())
I get an error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#11>", line 2, in <module>
document = html5lib.parse(f, encoding=f.info().get_content_charset())
File "C:\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\html5lib\html5parser.py", line 35, in parse
return p.parse(doc, **kwargs)
File "C:\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\html5lib\html5parser.py", line 235, in parse
self._parse(stream, False, None, *args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\html5lib\html5parser.py", line 85, in _parse
self.tokenizer = _tokenizer.HTMLTokenizer(stream, parser=self, **kwargs)
File "C:\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\html5lib\_tokenizer.py", line 36, in __init__
self.stream = HTMLInputStream(stream, **kwargs)
File "C:\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\html5lib\_inputstream.py", line 151, in HTMLInputStream
return HTMLBinaryInputStream(source, **kwargs)
TypeError: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'encoding'
What is wrong and what should I do?
I see something was broken in the latest versions of html5lib in regard to bs4, html5lib.treebuilders._base is no longer there, usng bs4 4.4.1 the latest compatible version seems to be the one with 7 nines, once you install it as below it works fine:
pip3 install -U html5lib=="0.9999999"
Tested using bs4 4.4.1:
In [1]: import bs4
In [2]: bs4.__version__
Out[2]: '4.4.1'
In [3]: import html5lib
In [4]: html5lib.__version__
Out[4]: '0.9999999'
In [5]: from urllib.request import urlopen
In [6]: with urlopen("http://example.com/") as f:
...: document = html5lib.parse(f, encoding=f.info().get_content_charset())
...:
In [7]:
You can see the change in this commit Rename treebuilders._base to .base to reflect public status the name was changed:
The error you see is because you are still using the newest version, in html5lib/_inputstream.py, HTMLBinaryInputStream has no encoding arg:
class HTMLBinaryInputStream(HTMLUnicodeInputStream):
"""Provides a unicode stream of characters to the HTMLTokenizer.
This class takes care of character encoding and removing or replacing
incorrect byte-sequences and also provides column and line tracking.
"""
def __init__(self, source, override_encoding=None, transport_encoding=None,
same_origin_parent_encoding=None, likely_encoding=None,
default_encoding="windows-1252", useChardet=True):
Setting override_encoding=f.info().get_content_charset() should do the trick.
Also upgrading to the latest version of bs4 works fine with the latest version of html5lib:
In [16]: bs4.__version__
Out[16]: '4.5.1'
In [17]: html5lib.__version__
Out[17]: '0.999999999'
In [18]: with urlopen("http://example.com/") as f:
document = html5lib.parse(f, override_encoding=f.info().get_content_charset())
....:
In [19]:

pexpect python throw error

Although this is my first attempt at using pexpect, the python3 script using pexpect is pretty simple; yet it fails.
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
import pexpect
SSH_NEWKEY = r'Are you sure you want to continue connecting \(yes/no\)\?'
child = pexpect.spawn("ssh -i /user/aws/key.pem ec2-user#xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx date")
i = child.expect( [ pexpect.TIMEOUT, SSH_NEWKEY )
if i == 1:
child.sendline('yes')
print(child.before)
The SSH_NEWKEY is the only response I'm expecting, but the example showed a list containing pexpect.TIMEOUT in it so I used it.
$ ./test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pexpect/spawnbase.py", line 144, in read_nonblocking
s = os.read(self.child_fd, size)
OSError: [Errno 5] Input/output error
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pexpect/expect.py", line 97, in expect_loop
incoming = spawn.read_nonblocking(spawn.maxread, timeout)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pexpect/pty_spawn.py", line 455, in read_nonblocking
return super(spawn, self).read_nonblocking(size)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pexpect/spawnbase.py", line 149, in read_nonblocking
raise EOF('End Of File (EOF). Exception style platform.')
pexpect.exceptions.EOF: End Of File (EOF). Exception style platform.
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./min.py", line 15, in <module>
i = child.expect( [ pexpect.TIMEOUT, SSH_NEWKEY ] )
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pexpect/spawnbase.py", line 315, in expect
timeout, searchwindowsize, async)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pexpect/spawnbase.py", line 339, in expect_list
return exp.expect_loop(timeout)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pexpect/expect.py", line 102, in expect_loop
return self.eof(e)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pexpect/expect.py", line 49, in eof
raise EOF(msg)
pexpect.exceptions.EOF: End Of File (EOF). Exception style platform.
<pexpect.pty_spawn.spawn object at 0x7f70ea4fbcf8>
command: /usr/bin/ssh
args: ['/usr/bin/ssh', '-i', '/user/aws/key.pem', 'ec2-user#xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx', 'date']
searcher: None
buffer (last 100 chars): b''
before (last 100 chars): b'Fri May 6 13:50:18 EDT 2016\r\n'
after: <class 'pexpect.exceptions.EOF'>
match: None
match_index: None
exitstatus: 0
flag_eof: True
pid: 31293
child_fd: 5
closed: False
timeout: 30
delimiter: <class 'pexpect.exceptions.EOF'>
logfile: None
logfile_read: None
logfile_send: None
maxread: 2000
ignorecase: False
searchwindowsize: None
delaybeforesend: 0.05
delayafterclose: 0.1
delayafterterminate: 0.1
What am I missing?
CentOS 6.4
python 3.4.3
An EOF error is being raised during your expect call. This means that the response received does not match SSH_NEWKEY, and reaches end of file within the timeout period. To catch this exception, you should change your except line to read:
i = child.expect( [ pexpect.TIMEOUT, SSH_NEWKEY, pexpect.EOF)
You can then make your if more robust:
if i == 1:
child.sendline('yes')
elif i == 0:
print "Timeout"
elif i == 2:
print "EOF"
print(child.before)
This doesn't solve the reason behind why you are on receiving a response with the expected string - it's hard to know without looking at more code but it's likely because you have the response slightly wrong. If you manually type in the SSH string, you should be able to see the response you can expect, and enter this response into your code.
You can also print child.before after your expect call, or print child.read() instead of your expect call to see what is being sent back as a response.

Resources