i have an Hex String like this : "0005607947" and want to convert it to Decimal number , i test it on this site and it correctly convert to decimal number and answer is : "90208583" but when i use this code i get wrong value !
where of my code is wrong or did have any one , some new code for this problem ?
long int decimal_answer = getDEC("0005607947") ;
long int getDEC(String str110) {
long int ID = 0 ;
int len = str110.length() ;
char buff[len] ;
int power = 0 ;
for(int i = 0 ; i <len ; i++) { buff[i] = str110.charAt(i); }
for(int i = (len-1) ; i >=0 ; i--) {
int num = buff[i] - '0' ;
ID = ID + num * pow(16 , power) ;
power = power + 1 ;
}
Serial.println(String(ID , DEC));
return ID ;
}
// thanks , i also use this but , get error : invalid conversion from 'void*' to 'char**' [-fpermissive]
unsigned int SiZe = sizeof(F_value) ;
char charBuf[SiZe];
F_value.toCharArray(charBuf , SiZe);
long decimal_answer = strtol(charBuf , NULL , 16);
Serial.println(decimal_answer , DEC);
Drop all that code, and just use 'strtol' from the standard library.
#include <stdlib.h>
long strtol (const char *__nptr, char **__endptr, int __base)
For your use:
long decimal_answer = strtol("0005607947", NULL, 16);
You are trying to store the value 90208583 in an int. Arduino has a 2 byte int size meaning that the largest number you can store is 2^16-1 (65535). You have a couple of options:
Use an unsigned int
min number: 0
max number: 4,294,967,295
cons: can only be used for positive numbers
Use a long int
min number: -2,147,483,648
max number: 2,147,483,647
Related
I have an arudino code where I get some temperature reading:
double c1 = device.readCelsius();
Serial.println(c1);
The output is for example: 26.23
What I need is to get this converted to 2623 and then to HEX value so I get: 0x0A3F
Any clue?
I guess your float values always get numbers up to two decimal. So, you can just multiply the value which you read from sensor with a 100.
decimalValue = 100 * c1
And then you can use this small code for converting the decimal value to HEX.
Thanks to GeeksforGeeks
You can find the full tutorial here
// C++ program to convert a decimal
// number to hexadecimal number
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// function to convert decimal to hexadecimal
void decToHexa(int n)
{
// char array to store hexadecimal number
char hexaDeciNum[100];
// counter for hexadecimal number array
int i = 0;
while (n != 0) {
// temporary variable to store remainder
int temp = 0;
// storing remainder in temp variable.
temp = n % 16;
// check if temp < 10
if (temp < 10) {
hexaDeciNum[i] = temp + 48;
i++;
}
else {
hexaDeciNum[i] = temp + 55;
i++;
}
n = n / 16;
}
// printing hexadecimal number array in reverse order
for (int j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--)
cout << hexaDeciNum[j];
}
// Driver program to test above function
int main()
{
int n = 2545;
decToHexa(n);
return 0;
}
I just bought a 8x32 lattice board (led matrix) and I control it with Arduino. The problem is that I can only use text with the library I got on github. But not numbers, how can I do it?
I'm going to put the code below, the code of the scrolling text and the part of the code in the library that specifies the function used to set the text.
The arduino code that program the scrolling text is here:
#include <HT1632.h>
#include <font_5x4.h>
#include <images.h>
int i = 0;
int wd;
char disp[] = "Hello, how are you?";
int x = 10;
void setup() {
HT1632.begin(A5, A4, A3);
wd = HT1632.getTextWidth(disp, FONT_5X4_END, FONT_5X4_HEIGHT);
}
void loop() {
HT1632.renderTarget(1);
HT1632.clear();
HT1632.drawText(disp, OUT_SIZE - i, 2, FONT_5X4, FONT_5X4_END,
FONT_5X4_HEIGHT);
HT1632.render();
i = (i + 1) % (wd + OUT_SIZE);
delay(100);
}
The library code that specifies the printing of the text is this:
void HT1632Class::drawText(const char text[], int x, int y, const byte font[],
int font_end[], uint8_t font_height,
uint8_t gutter_space) {
int curr_x = x;
char i = 0;
char currchar;
// Check if string is within y-bounds
if (y + font_height < 0 || y >= COM_SIZE)
return;
while (true) {
if (text[i] == '\0')
return;
currchar = text[i] - 32;
if (currchar >= 65 &&
currchar <=
90) // If character is lower-case, automatically make it upper-case
currchar -= 32; // Make this character uppercase.
if (currchar < 0 || currchar >= 64) { // If out of bounds, skip
++i;
continue; // Skip this character.
}
// Check to see if character is not too far right.
if (curr_x >= OUT_SIZE)
break; // Stop rendering - all other characters are no longer within the
// screen
// Check to see if character is not too far left.
int chr_width = getCharWidth(font_end, font_height, currchar);
if (curr_x + chr_width + gutter_space >= 0) {
drawImage(font, chr_width, font_height, curr_x, y,
getCharOffset(font_end, currchar));
// Draw the gutter space
for (char j = 0; j < gutter_space; ++j)
drawImage(font, 1, font_height, curr_x + chr_width + j, y, 0);
}
curr_x += chr_width + gutter_space;
++i;
}
}
You need to look at snprintf. This allows you to format a string of characters just like printf. It allows you to convert something like a int into a part of a string.
an example:
int hour = 10;
int minutes = 50;
char buffer[60];
int status = snprintf(buffer, 60, "the current time is: %i:%i\n", hour, minutes);
buffer now contains:"the current time is: 10:50" (and several empty characters past the \0).
I am having a QString :
QString str = "1000140035";
I want to extract each byte from above string like this :--
Unsigned char a = 0x10
Unsigned char b = 0x00
Unsigned char c = 0x14
Unsigned char d = 0x00
Unsigned char e = 0x35
Please suggest how to do this ... tried but failed many times.
QByteArray::fromHex + QString::toLatin1()
const QString str = "1000140035";
const QByteArray data = QByteArray::fromHex( str.toLatin1() );
unsigned char a = data[0];
unsigned char b = data[1];
unsigned char c = data[2];
unsigned char d = data[3];
unsigned char e = data[4];
You can use QString::toInt and set the base to 16 to convert a hex-string to int (or QString::toUInt).
QString str = "1000140035";
while(!str.isEmpty())
{
unsigned char byte = str.left(2).toInt(0, 16);
// do something with byte, store it somewhere or whatever...
str.remove(0, 2);
}
Perhaps this is what you're looking for? The code will parse an arbitrary length hexadecimal string and return an array of 2-digit hexadecimal numbers along with their count. It allocates memory for the result, so it is your responsibility to release it afterwards. The number of extracted numbers is returned through the third argument.
#include <QString>
#include <cmath>
unsigned HexToNum(char c)
{
if(c >= '0' && c <= '9')
return c - '0';
if(c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
return 15 + c - 'A';
if(c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
return 15 + c - 'a';
//Non hex char passed, return 0
return 0;
}
void ExtractBytes(const QString& hexString, unsigned char*& result, int& resultNumbersCount)
{
resultNumbersCount = static_cast<int>(ceil(hexString.length() / 2));
result = new unsigned char[resultNumbersCount];
int i, j = -1;
for(i = 0; i < resultNumbersCount; ++i)
result[i] = 0;
for(i = 0; i < hexString.length(); ++i)
{
if(i % 2 == 0)
++j;
result[j] = result[j] * 16 + HexToNum(hexString.at(i).toLatin1());
}
}
Is it possible to format an integer column to have a comma as a thousandth digit separator in Sqlite? I would like the query result to be as follows.
Id Name Price
1 Product1 1,000
2 Product2 2,500
There is not an internal number formatting function built into SQLite, but you can create a user-defined function to create one.
Here's a working example. Uses integers and will need adjustment for floats.
#import <sqlite3.h>
static char *sepnum(int num, char *buf, size_t buflen, char sepch)
{
int len = 0, negative = 0;
if (!buf || buflen == 0) return buf;
if (num < 0)
{
negative = 1;
num = abs(num);
}
for (int i=1;;i++)
{
if (buflen>len+1) buf[len++] = '0' + (num % 10);
num /= 10;
if (num==0) break;
if ((i % 3) == 0 && buflen>len+1) buf[len++] = sepch;
}
if (negative && buflen>len+1) buf[len++] = '-';
for (int i=0;i<len/2;i++)
{
buf[len] = buf[i];
buf[i] = buf[len-i-1];
buf[len-i-1] = buf[len];
}
if (buflen>len) buf[len] = '\0';
else buf[0] = '\0';
return buf;
}
static void nformat(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv)
{
if (argc == 1)
{
int num = sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
char buf[500] = "";
if (sepnum(num, buf, sizeof(buf), ','))
{
sqlite3_result_text(context, buf, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
return;
}
}
sqlite3_result_null(context);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
sqlite3 *db;
sqlite3_open(":memory:", &db);
sqlite3_stmt *stmt;
sqlite3_create_function(db, "nformat", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, NULL, &nformat, NULL, NULL);
sqlite3_prepare(db, "select nformat(1234)", -1, &stmt, NULL);
sqlite3_step(stmt);
printf("[%s]\n", sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 0));
}
If your data is stored in a table and you are using SQLite version 3.8.3 or higher, then it is possible to accomplish what you want using a recursive CTE.
Below is a working SQL example of what I'm referring to.
WITH
NBR_LIST_ETL AS
(
SELECT
A.*,
CAST(REPLACE(NBR_LENGTH % 3, 0, 3) AS INTEGER)
AS SUB_STRING_LENGTH
FROM
(
SELECT
ID, -- INTEGER PRIMARY KEY COLUMN
NBR, -- INTEGER COLUMN YOU WANT TO FORMAT W/ COMMAS
LENGTH(NBR)
AS NBR_LENGTH
FROM
NBR_LIST A -- REPLACE NBR_LIST W/ YOUR TABLE NAME
) A
),
NBR_FORMAT_RECURSIVE AS
(
SELECT
ID,
SUBSTR(NBR, 1, SUB_STRING_LENGTH)
AS NBR_SEGMENT,
SUBSTR(NBR, SUB_STRING_LENGTH + 1)
AS NBR_REMAINING,
NBR_LENGTH - SUB_STRING_LENGTH
AS NBR_LENGTH
FROM
NBR_LIST_ETL
UNION ALL
SELECT
ID,
SUBSTR(NBR_REMAINING, 1, 3)
AS NBR_SEGMENT,
SUBSTR(NBR_REMAINING, 4)
AS NBR_REMAINING,
NBR_LENGTH - 3
AS NBR_LENGTH
FROM
NBR_FORMAT_RECURSIVE
WHERE
NBR_LENGTH >= 3
)
SELECT
GROUP_CONCAT(NBR_SEGMENT)
AS NBR_FORMATTED
FROM
NBR_FORMAT_RECURSIVE
GROUP BY
ID
If your table contained the following numbers -
NBR
25271
7
29
75438175
342
212
4758
863
2313917
Then the query would output -
NBR_FORMATTED
25,271
7
29
75,438,175
342
212
4,758
863
2,313,917
How do I convert an int, n, to a string so that when I send it over the serial, it is sent as a string?
This is what I have so far:
int ledPin=13;
int testerPin=8;
int n=1;
char buf[10];
void setup()
{
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(testerPin, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(115200);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
sprintf(buf, "Hello!%d", n);
Serial.println(buf);
delay(500);
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
delay(500);
n++;
}
Use like this:
String myString = String(n);
You can find more examples here.
use the itoa() function included in stdlib.h
char buffer[7]; //the ASCII of the integer will be stored in this char array
itoa(-31596,buffer,10); //(integer, yourBuffer, base)
You can simply do:
Serial.println(n);
which will convert n to an ASCII string automatically. See the documentation for Serial.println().
You just need to wrap it around a String object like this:
String numberString = String(n);
You can also do:
String stringOne = "Hello String"; // using a constant String
String stringOne = String('a'); // converting a constant char into a String
String stringTwo = String("This is a string"); // converting a constant string into a String object
String stringOne = String(stringTwo + " with more"); // concatenating two strings
String stringOne = String(13); // using a constant integer
String stringOne = String(analogRead(0), DEC); // using an int and a base
String stringOne = String(45, HEX); // using an int and a base (hexadecimal)
String stringOne = String(255, BIN); // using an int and a base (binary)
String stringOne = String(millis(), DEC); // using a long and a base
This is speed-optimized solution for converting int (signed 16-bit integer) into string.
This implementation avoids using division since 8-bit AVR used for Arduino has no hardware DIV instruction, the compiler translate division into time-consuming repetitive subtractions. Thus the fastest solution is using conditional branches to build the string.
A fixed 7 bytes buffer prepared from beginning in RAM to avoid dynamic allocation. Since it's only 7 bytes, the cost of fixed RAM usage is considered minimum. To assist compiler, we add register modifier into variable declaration to speed-up execution.
char _int2str[7];
char* int2str( register int i ) {
register unsigned char L = 1;
register char c;
register boolean m = false;
register char b; // lower-byte of i
// negative
if ( i < 0 ) {
_int2str[ 0 ] = '-';
i = -i;
}
else L = 0;
// ten-thousands
if( i > 9999 ) {
c = i < 20000 ? 1
: i < 30000 ? 2
: 3;
_int2str[ L++ ] = c + 48;
i -= c * 10000;
m = true;
}
// thousands
if( i > 999 ) {
c = i < 5000
? ( i < 3000
? ( i < 2000 ? 1 : 2 )
: i < 4000 ? 3 : 4
)
: i < 8000
? ( i < 6000
? 5
: i < 7000 ? 6 : 7
)
: i < 9000 ? 8 : 9;
_int2str[ L++ ] = c + 48;
i -= c * 1000;
m = true;
}
else if( m ) _int2str[ L++ ] = '0';
// hundreds
if( i > 99 ) {
c = i < 500
? ( i < 300
? ( i < 200 ? 1 : 2 )
: i < 400 ? 3 : 4
)
: i < 800
? ( i < 600
? 5
: i < 700 ? 6 : 7
)
: i < 900 ? 8 : 9;
_int2str[ L++ ] = c + 48;
i -= c * 100;
m = true;
}
else if( m ) _int2str[ L++ ] = '0';
// decades (check on lower byte to optimize code)
b = char( i );
if( b > 9 ) {
c = b < 50
? ( b < 30
? ( b < 20 ? 1 : 2 )
: b < 40 ? 3 : 4
)
: b < 80
? ( i < 60
? 5
: i < 70 ? 6 : 7
)
: i < 90 ? 8 : 9;
_int2str[ L++ ] = c + 48;
b -= c * 10;
m = true;
}
else if( m ) _int2str[ L++ ] = '0';
// last digit
_int2str[ L++ ] = b + 48;
// null terminator
_int2str[ L ] = 0;
return _int2str;
}
// Usage example:
int i = -12345;
char* s;
void setup() {
s = int2str( i );
}
void loop() {}
This sketch is compiled to 1,082 bytes of code using avr-gcc which bundled with Arduino v1.0.5 (size of int2str function itself is 594 bytes). Compared with solution using String object which compiled into 2,398 bytes, this implementation can reduce your code size by 1.2 Kb (assumed that you need no other String's object method, and your number is strict to signed int type).
This function can be optimized further by writing it in proper assembler code.
The solution is much too big. Try this simple one. Please provide a 7+ character buffer, no check made.
char *i2str(int i, char *buf){
byte l=0;
if(i<0) buf[l++]='-';
boolean leadingZ=true;
for(int div=10000, mod=0; div>0; div/=10){
mod=i%div;
i/=div;
if(!leadingZ || i!=0){
leadingZ=false;
buf[l++]=i+'0';
}
i=mod;
}
buf[l]=0;
return buf;
}
Can be easily modified to give back end of buffer, if you discard index 'l' and increment the buffer directly.
This simply work for me:
int bpm = 60;
char text[256];
sprintf(text, "Pulso: %d ", bpm);
//now use text as string
In Arduino, using the String keyword creates an object of the String class which has multiple versions of its constructor. If an integer is passed as an argument while instantiating, it contains the ASCII representation of the numbers.
int num = 12;
String intString = String(num);
// The value of intString should be "12"
Please check out the arduino String reference.
Here below is a self composed myitoa() which is by far smaller in code, and reserves a FIXED array of 7 (including terminating 0) in char *mystring, which is often desirable. It is obvious that one can build the code with character-shift instead, if one need a variable-length output-string.
void myitoa(int number, char *mystring) {
boolean negative = number>0;
mystring[0] = number<0? '-' : '+';
number = number<0 ? -number : number;
for (int n=5; n>0; n--) {
mystring[n] = ' ';
if(number > 0) mystring[n] = number%10 + 48;
number /= 10;
}
mystring[6]=0;
}
Serial.println(val)
Serial.println(val, format)
for more you can visit to the site of arduino
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Serial/Println
wish this will help you.
thanks!