I am just beginning to learn HTML and I need help with making an example I found. Here is an image (link):
I know how to make the black background but I have no clue how to add the body in the middle of the page! Extra Information that was provided to me:
Color Code: #fe9;
Font: "Palatino",serif;
Width is 400px;
If anyone could help out even the littlest bit I would appreciate it! It also uses the embedded style!
What you can do is create a div inside your body tag. And then apply css to that div.
Say give it margin: 0 auto;
You need a containing element, usually a div. All your content should be inside this div. Then you can style the div to be a set width and centered, and give the div a background, etc.
Example:
<html>
<head>
<title>Test</title>
<style>
#container {
width: 400px;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
background: #fe9;
font-family: "Palatino",serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container">
My Content
</div>
</body>
</html>
You should be able to figure out the rest of the content; if you can't, please ask specific questions about what you need to do and give details about what you have already tried.
Related
Sorry for messing my code soo much.this is my first experiment. Doing it all with the help of google. So, Can you tell me how to write the following code in an efficient way and also, I want to pull the text up in the heading block. Help me.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>
seVen
</title>
<style>body{background:#A8A8A8;color:white;}
.heading{background:#303030;position:fixed;border-radius: 25px;top:10px;
right:2px;left:2px;bottom:85%;padding:10px;}
.login{position:relative;float:right;top:150px;bottom:145px;}
.padding{padding-left:30px;padding-bottom:30px;position:relative;}
</style>
<div class="heading"><div class="padding"><p style="font size:30px">seVen</p><p style="font-size:15px">Own your imagination</p></div></div>
<body>
<div class="login">
Enter your name <input type="text" id="name" /><br><br>
Password <input type="password" id="password" />
<br><br>
<input type="button" id="submit" value="Submit"/>
<input type="button" id="pwdForgot" value="Forgot Password"/></head>
</div>
<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><hr>
About Products
</body>
</html>
At the moment, the height of .heading is based on position:fixed;top:10px;bottom:85% which makes it a specific height which changes as you resize the page vertically. You could replace bottom with height and it will look more consistent.
You can then add line-height to put the text in the middle of the block:
.heading{
background: #303030;
border-radius: 25px;
padding: 10px;
position: fixed;
top: 10px;
bottom: 85%
height: 80px;
line-height: 80px;
}
Other suggestions:
You may consider changing fixed positioning (position:fixed;top:10px;right:2px;left:2px;) to specific widths and margins:
.heading{
background: #303030;
border-radius: 25px;
padding: 10px;
height: 80px;
line-height: 80px;
width: 98%;
margin: 1%
}
The differences with removing position:fixed is it won't scroll with the screen, and it will push everything else on the page below it.
Also, instead of using <br><br><br>... and ... try setting margin and padding:
<div style="margin-top:20px;margin-left:50px">Own your imagination</div>
(you may find display:inline-block, float:left, or float:right useful at this point if you end up changing the page a lot using these)
And your footer could make use of position:fixed if you want it to stick to the bottom of the page, something like:
<div style="position:fixed;bottom:10px;left:0;right:0;border-top:solid 1px white">
<a class="padding">About</a>
<a class="padding">Products</a>
</div>
Try to use margin-bottom
Example:
.heading .padding
{
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
There are a few very major issues with your markup:
Your div with class heading is outside of your body tag - all the content in your html file should be within your body tags.
Your head tag closes near the bottom of your document - the head tag always needs to close before your opening body tag.
You can't rely on characters and br tags to space your content - You need to use padding and margins.
You should find that once you've re-structured everything, that some of your issues should be fixed.
Also, the main reason that your 'own your imagination' text isn't on the same line, is because by default p tags will always start a new line.
Follow this basic html layout to restructure what you've got so far, following my points above:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<style>
</style>
<body>
<!-- all your content needs to go in here -->
</body>
</html>
And then in your header, if you change your p tags to span tags and give them a style of display: inline-block, you'll be able to space them how you would like with some padding.
Also, generally speaking, it's better practice to link to an external stylesheet instead of using inline styles or including your css in style tags in the head, but concentrate on what you've got so far.When you feel confident, you can have a look at this:
Linking to an External Stylesheet
I also highly recommend using CSS Tricks as a general resource going forwards, there's some great stuff on there that should really help with structuring and layout.
Can someone help me I'm searching for css/html code example:
I have a webpage with 3 buttons(top, middle, bottom) each specified to 1 div section on my page, lets say my first div section is in the middle of that page div id='middle'.
If I click this button(middle) my page would automatically scroll down from the top
of my page to the div #middle section.
same for the other buttons refered to div id='top', and div id='bottom'
Thanks in forward! I really couldnt find any solution on the internet.
Is there a way to keep my buttonlist on a fixed position so it stays on screen while
moving through sections?
try this:
<input type="button" onClick="document.getElementById('middle').scrollIntoView();" />
For something really basic use this:
Go To Middle
Or for something simple in javascript check out this jQuery plugin ScrollTo. Quite useful for scrolling smoothly.
There is a much easier way to get the smooth scroll effect without javascript.
In your CSS just target the entire html tag and give it scroll-behavior: smooth;
html {
scroll-behavior: smooth;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
}
#down {
margin-top: 100%;
padding-bottom: 25%;
}
<html>
Click Here to Smoothly Scroll Down
<div id="down">
<h1>You are down!</h1>
</div>
</html
The "scroll-behavior" is telling the page how it should scroll and is so much easier than using javascript. Javascript will give you more options on speed and the smoothness but this will deliver without all of the confusing code.
HTML
Top
Middle
Bottom
<div id="top">Top</div>
<div id="middle">Middle</div>
<div id="bottom">Bottom</div>
CSS
#top,#middle,#bottom{
height: 600px;
width: 300px;
background: green;
}
Example http://jsfiddle.net/x4wDk/
Try this:
Scroll to top
If you want smooth scrolling:
html {
scroll-behavior: smooth;
}
I have html that looks like this:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<!--[if lte IE 8]>
<script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1>Some title thing, who knows</h1>
<nav>
<ul>
<li>One</li>
<li>Two</li>
<li>Three</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
</body>
</html>
If I give header an auto margin and a width, it's horizontally centered. What's the least horrible way to ensure that it's vertically centered, as well?
I am aware of the following articles which provide some discussion of the topic:
http://blog.themeforest.net/tutorials/vertical-centering-with-css/
http://www.vanseodesign.com/css/vertical-centering/
http://www.jakpsatweb.cz/css/css-vertical-center-solution.html
http://www.brunildo.org/test/vertmiddle.html
Since this question was tagged CSS3, here's a "least horrible" solution using CSS3's "flexbox". Unfortunately only recent versions of Safari, Chrome and Firefox support it.
html, body {
margin:0;
padding:0;
height:100%;
background:#eee;
}
header {
width:30em;
background:#fff;
}
body {
display:box;
box-pack:center;
box-align:center;
box-orient:horizontal;
}
A more complete demo can be found here.
If you do NOT know the height of the header the only way I often use, requires extra html if done properly, tough you could do without.
You make the header vertical-align: middle by making it a table-cell
html{
height: 100%;
}
body {
display: table;
height: 100%;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 0;
}
header {
display: table-cell;
vertical-align: middle;
}
note that I set 100% height on the html node, which really isnt proper css as far as I know, it should be on the body and header should be in a encapsulating div wich has display: table http://jsfiddle.net/bgYPR/2/
Unfortunately, there's still nothing elegant for vertical alignment, only hacks.
I don't know if there's a best way, but there are a number of different ways (depending on your situation), and many are thoroughly discussed in this article.
Usually when I need vertical centering I use a pair of inline-block elements. You have one element that is the full height of the container, and a second element that is only the height of the content to be centered. Both are display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle.
I like to use b tags for this, because they have no semantic significance and are tiny:
<style>
.mycontainer {text-align:center;}
b.vcenter {display:inline-block;height:100%;width:1px;vertical-align:middle;}
b.vcenter+b {display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;}
</style>
<div class="mycontainer">
<b class="vcenter"></b><b>This is my centered content<br>It makes me happy!</b>
</div>
Mind you, this specific code example wont work in IE7 because of the lack of inline-block and sibling selectors (+), but the same technique can be done using more complex code that IE7 will handle.
I would generally not verticially center, but specify a small top margin like 20px. We don't always know enough about the end user's equipment to make an assumption about what is convenient or usable for the platform they are viewing the site on.
Alright, I understand that the purpose of a DIV is to contain its inner elements - I didn't want to upset anyone by saying otherwise. However, please consider the following scenario:
My web page (which only takes up a width of 70% of the entire page) is surrounded by a container (a div). However, under my navigation bar which is at the top of the page, I would like to create w banner that takes up 100% of the width of the entire page (which means it will have to extend outside the bounds of its container as the container is only taking up 70% of the page's width).
This is the basic idea that I am trying to accomplish: http://www.petersonassociates.biz/
Does anyone have any suggestions for how I could accomplish this? I'd appreciate any help.
Evan
If you just want the background of the element to extend across the whole page this can also be achieved with negative margins.
In a nutshell (correction from comment):
.bleed {
padding-left: 3000px;
margin-left: -3000px;
padding-right: 3000px;
margin-right: -3000px;
}
That gives you horizontal scroll bars which you remove with:
body {overflow-x: hidden; }
There is a guide at http://www.sitepoint.com/css-extend-full-width-bars/.
It might be more semantic to do this with psuedo elements: http://css-tricks.com/full-browser-width-bars/
EDIT (2019):
There is a new trick to get a full bleed using this CSS utility:
width: 100vw;
margin-left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
I guess all solutions are kind of outdated.
The easiest way to escape the bounds of an element is by adding:
margin-left: calc(~"-50vw + 50%");
margin-right: calc(~"-50vw + 50%");
discussion can be found here and here. There is also a nice solution for the upcoming grid-layouts.
If I understood correctly,
style="width: 100%; position:absolute;"
should achieve what you're going for.
There are a couple of ways you could do this.
Absolute Positioning
Like others have suggested, if you give the element that you want to stretch across the page CSS properties of 100% width and absolute position, it will span the entire width of the page.
However, it will also be situated at the top of the page, probably obscuring your other content, which won't make room for your now 100% content. Absolute positioning removes the element from the document flow, so it will act as though your newly positioned content doesn't exist. Unless you're prepared to calculate exactly where your new element should be and make room for it, this is probably not the best way.
Images: you can also use a collection of images to get at what you want, but good luck updating it or making changes to the height of any part of your page, etc. Again, not great for maintainability.
Nested DIVs
This is how I would suggest you do it. Before we worry about any of the 100% width stuff, I'll first show you how to set up the 70% centered look.
<div class="header">
<div class="center">
// Header content
</div>
</div>
<div class="mainContent">
<div class="center">
// Main content
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer">
<div class="center">
// Footer content
</div>
</div>
With CSS like this:
.center {
width: 70%;
margin: 0 auto;
}
Now you have what appears to be a container around your centered content, when in reality each row of content moving down the page is made up of a containing div, with a semantic and descriptive class (like header, mainContent, etc.), with a "center" class inside of it.
With that set up, making the header appear to "break out of the container div" is as easy as:
.header {
background-color: navy;
}
And the color reaches to the edges of the page. If for some reason you want the content itself to stretch across the page, you could do:
.header .center {
width: auto;
}
And that style would override the .center style, and make the header's content extend to the edges of the page.
Good luck!
The more semantically correct way of doing this is to put your header outside of your main container, avoiding the position:absolute.
Example:
<html>
<head>
<title>A title</title>
<style type="text/css">
.main-content {
width: 70%;
margin: 0 auto;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<header><!-- Some header stuff --></header>
<section class="main-content"><!-- Content you already have that takes up 70% --></section>
<body>
</html>
The other method (keeping it in <section class="main-content">) is as you said, incorrect, as a div (or section) is supposed to contain elements, not have them extend out of bounds of their parent div/section. You'll also face problems in IE (I believe anything 7 or below, this might just be IE6 or less though) if your child div extends outside the parent div.
I prefer working with CSS based design, but as more of a back end coder my CSS skills are a bit weak. When I get involved with layout, I tend to fall back on table based formatting because my mind has been warped by years of table based abuse. There's one particular problem that I always trip over. What is the best CSS alternative to:
<table width="100%">
<tr>
<td align="center">
content goes here
</td>
</tr>
</table>
I sometimes use:
<div style="width:100%; text-align:center">content</div>
But this doesn't seem quite right. I'm not trying to align text, I'm trying to align content. Also, this seems to have an effect on the text alignment of enclosed elements, which requires tweaking to fix. One thing I don't get is: why isn't there a float:center style? It seems like that would be the best solution. Hopefully, I'm missing something and there is a perfect CSS way to do this.
You are right that text-align is intended for aligning text. It's actually only Internet Explorer that lets you center anything other than text with it. Any other browser handles this correctly and doesn't let block elements be affected by text-align.
To center block elements using css you use margin: 0 auto; just as Joe Philllips suggested. Although you don't need to keep the table at all.
The reason that there is no float: center; is that floating is intended to place elements (typically images) either to the left or the right and have text flow around them. Floating something in the center doesn't make sense in this context as that would mean that the text would have to flow on both sides of the element.
I would recommend putting a <div> into your <td> and setting the style attribute to style="width: 200px; margin: 0 auto;"
The catch is that you must set a fixed width.
Edit:
After looking at the question again, I would recommend scrapping the table entirely. Just use a <div style="width: 200px; margin: 0 auto;> as I suggested and no need for a table.
Here is a good resource for centering using CSS.
http://www.w3.org/Style/Examples/007/center
This demonstrates how to center text, blocks, images and how to center them vertically.
Where do you find yourself commonly doing this? For me - I am most often trying to center the entire design of the site, so I usually do this:
<html>
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="header">
</div>
<div id="content">
</div>
<div id="footer">
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
body {text-align:center;}
#wrapper {margin:0 auto; text-align:left; width:980px;}
This will center the entire design on the page at 980px width, while still leaving all of your text left aligned (as long as that text is within the #wrapper element).
Use display:inline-block to enable text-align:center and center content without a fixed width:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Centering</title>
<style type="text/css">
.container { text-align:center; }
/* Percentage width */
.wrapper { width: 99%; }
/* Use inline-block for wrapper */
.wrapper { display: inline-block; }
/* Use inline for content */
.content { display:inline; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="content">
<div class="wrapper">
<div>abc</div>
<div>xyz</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
d03boy's answer is correct for the right way to center things.
To answer your other comment, "Also, this seems to have an effect on the text alignment of enclosed elements, which requires tweaking to fix." That's the nature of how CSS works, setting a property on an element affects all of its children, unless the property is overridden by one of them (assuming the property is one that is inherited, of course).