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I know they are address schemes used in different layers, and that IPV4 is 32 bits while MAC is 48 bits.
My questions are:
Why do we need two different address schemes?
What is the problem if we decided to use the same address for both purposes?
Is there a reason for the MAC address requiring more memory?
Has the introduction of ipv6 changed anything?
MAC addresses is a Layer 2 Address, while IP is a Layer 3 Address.
Layer 1 is phisical layer
Layer 2 is data link layer ---> MAC ADDRESS
Layer 3 is Network Layer ---> IP Address
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model
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Which of the following IP addresses with IP 20.20.10.9/29 and subnet 255.255.255.248 are in the same subnet and why?
20.20.10.14
20.20.10.7
Thanks.
My result is 20.20.10.7. Because IP addreseses in the same subnet include
20.20.10.0 t0 20.20.10.6
20.20.10.7 to 20.20.10.13
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When you configurate some interface for a device using 'ifconfig eth0 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx up' what's the difference bettween using IP like '192.168.0.2' and '192.168.0.2/30'.
I understand the idea of a submask and that it's good use for redirect datagrams only taking part of the IP address but I dont get why using it when assinging the IP for some interface.
I found out that using the submask when for assigning the IP address establish the range for the broadcast direction.
So using direction like '192.168.0.2' will establish broadcast on '192.168.0.255' but using '192.168.0.2/30' will use '192.168.0.3' since its the last avaible direction when you taking the first 30 bits.
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I understand the mechanism of ARP but I am wondering why do we use it even if we have the recipient's IP address? Isn't it enough to rely on the recipient's IP address to send packets instead of taking extra steps of finding its matching MAC address?
Thank you.
An IP address is a layer-3 address. Layer-3 packets get encapsulated into layer-2 frames, and layer-2 also has addressing (MAC addresses) which needs to be supplied. ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) resolves the layer-3 IP address to a layer-2 MAC address so that the layer-3 packet can be encapsulated into a layer-2 frame which is then sent out the layer-1 interface.
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It's well known there is the IP address (ipv4 or ipv6) and the MAC address, but does it exist another addresses?
IP address and MAC are related to Network Interfaces (Wifi interface, Ethernet ,PPP..), and PC could have many interfaces .
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I understand that the MAC address is flashed on the NIC. It is supposed to be unique as is is used by ARP/RARP protocol to map IP to MAC and vice versa. The MAC address needs to be unique otherwise the data delivery will fail. I am wondering the NIC card manufactures are many. How do they ensure that the MAC address is unqiue? If it is not unique then the transmission will fail right? Do they speak to each other that I am using this MAC address, don't use this one? I guess this is not the case.
The first 6 bytes of the MAC address are a prefix that is assigned to each manufacturer by the IEEE. Manufacturer must only use prefixes that are assigned to them, and then they're responsible for ensuring that the remainder of the MAC address is unique within their products.
IEEE Registration Authority