R - histogram rectangles line thickness - r

How can I get the actual lines (that form the many rectangles) on a histogram to be thicker? I would like to avoid using ggplot.
Here is some code that generates a histogram so that we have a reproducible example:
h = hist(rnorm(100),plot=F)
plot(h,lwd=4) #note, lwd does not work :(

You can set the line width with par():
opar <- par(lwd=2)
plot(h)
par(opar)

Related

Trouble in changing thickness of line segments in base plot

I have a pppmatching object to plot (using the base plot function) where I need to change the thickness of line segments. Unfortunately, it seems that lwd is somehow changing the thickness of the plot border instead of the line segments! I am puzzled how to get around this.
Reproducible example:
library(spatstat)
set.seed(140627)
X <- runifpoint(300)
Y <- runifpoint(500)
m <- pppdist(X, Y)
m
plot(m, lwd = 5) #???
## End(Not run)
This is a question about the plot method plot.pppmatching in the package spatstat. This function plots line segments between the data points, with varying line widths proportional to the matching strength. The parameter lwd would override this behaviour and would plot all lines with the same width, defeating the purpose.
Text added later:
Perhaps you wanted to rescale the line widths, multiplying/dividing them by 5 to make them more visible? This can be done using the argument adjust. For example adjust=0.2 would divide all line widths by 5.
(In a future release of spatstat I will improve the documentation and suppress the irrelevant warning message)

R plot and barplot how to fix ylim not alike?

I try to use base R to plot a time series as a bar plot and as ordinary line plot. I try to write a flexible function to draw such a plot and would like to draw the plots without axes and then add universal axis manually.
Now, I hampered by strange problem: same ylim values result into different axes. Consider the following example:
data(presidents)
# shorten this series a bit
pw <- window(presidents,start=c(1965))
barplot(t(pw),ylim = c(0,80))
par(new=T)
plot(pw,ylim = c(0,80),col="blue",lwd=3)
I intentionally plot y-axes coming from both plots here to show it's not the same. I know I can achieve the intended result by plotting a bar plot first and then add lines using x and y args of lines.
But the I am looking for flexible solution that let's you add lines to barplots like you add lines to points or other line plots. So is there a way to make sure y-axes are the same?
EDIT: also adding the usr parameter to par doesn't help me here.
par(new=T,usr = par("usr"))
Add yaxs="i" to your lineplot. Like this:
plot(pw,ylim = c(0,80),col="blue",lwd=3, yaxs="i")
R start barplots at y=0, while line plots won't. This is to make sure that you see a line if it happens that your data is y=0, otherwise it aligns with the x axis line.

R language: plot grid lines only inside the graph

I am trying to remove all grid lines outside the graph. I noticed that behavior in R is not deterministic, i.e., sometimes grid lines are inside the graph only (as I want), but sometimes it spans an entire figure (see sample). I'd like to always put grid lines inside.
I read grid manual, but could not find an option to do so. abline() also puts grid lines across an entire figure.
The code I am using is
plot(xrange, yrange, type="n", xlab="X", ylab="Y", xlim=c(200,1500), ylim=c(0,10000))
...
grid(lty=3, col="gray")
Any help is appreciated. Thanks,
Nodir
When I have had this problem it is because par(xpd=TRUE) is somewhere in the code. Try setting par(xpd=FALSE) before using grid() and then par(xpd=TRUE). The sample code was used to generate the same the two plots, one of which has the grid lines extending outside of the plot region.
set.seed(1)
x <- rnorm(100)
y <- rnorm(100)
# scatter plot with gridlines inside
par(xpd=FALSE) # do not plot outside the plot region
plot(x,y)
grid(lwd=2)
# scatterplot with gridlines outside the region
par(xpd=TRUE) # plot outside the plot region
plot(x,y)
grid(lwd=2)

Keep R from graphing a line outside of a chart's area

How do I prevent the red line for the last distribution from being plotted outside of the area of the plot in the graph below?
chart http://i.minus.com/jRiGxDBVw6kjZ.jpeg
I generated the graph with the following code:
x <- seq(0,4,.1)
alpha_0 <- 2
beta_0 <- .2
hist(rexp(256, rate=1))
sample <- rexp(256, rate=1)
plot(x,dgamma(x, shape=alpha_0, rate=beta_0),type='l',col='black',ylim=c(0,2),main="Posteriors of Exponential Distribution", ylab='')
lines(x,dgamma(x, shape=alpha_0+4, rate=beta_0+sum(sample[1:4])),col='blue')
lines(x,dgamma(x, shape=alpha_0+8, rate=beta_0+sum(sample[1:8])),col='green')
lines(x,dgamma(x, shape=alpha_0+16, rate=beta_0+sum(sample[1:16])),col='orange')
lines(x,dgamma(x, shape=alpha_0+256, rate=beta_0+sum(sample[1:256])),col='red',)
legend(x=2.5,y=2, c("prior","n=4", "n=8", "n=16", 'n=256'), col = c('black', 'blue', 'green','orange' ,'red'),lty=c(1,1,1,1))
Sorry, seems like a pretty simple fix, I just couldn't figure it out from the documentation. Thanks for your help.
Yes, as Joran mentioned, it was graphing the line outside of the plot area because I ran par(xpd=TRUE) earlier in the session to try to put the legend outside. I simply ran par(xpd=FALSE) and it solved the problem.

change look-and-feel of plot to resemble hist

I used the information from this post to create a histogram with logarithmic scale:
Histogram with Logarithmic Scale
However, the output from plot looks nothing like the output from hist. Does anyone know how to configure the output from plot to resemble the output from hist? Thanks for the help.
A simplified, reproducible version of the linked answer is
x <- rlnorm(1000)
hx <- hist(x, plot=FALSE)
plot(hx$counts, type="h", log="y", lwd=10, lend="square")
To get the axes looking more "hist-like", replace the last line with
plot(hx$counts, type="h", log="y", lwd=10, lend="square", axes = FALSE)
Axis(side=1)
Axis(side=2)
Getting the bars to join up is going to be a nightmare using this method. I suggest using trial and error with values of lwd (in this example, 34 is somewhere close to looking right), or learning to use lattice or ggplot.
EDIT:
You can't set a border colour, because the bars aren't really rectangles – they are just fat lines. We can fake the border effect by drawing slightly thinner lines over the top. The updated code is
par(lend="square")
bordercol <- "blue"
fillcol <- "pink"
linewidth <- 24
plot(hx$counts, type="h", log="y", lwd=linewidth, col=bordercol, axes = FALSE)
lines(hx$counts, type="h", lwd=linewidth-2, col=fillcol)
Axis(side=1)
Axis(side=2)
How about using ggplot2?
x <- rnorm(1000)
qplot(x) + scale_y_log10()
But I agree with Hadley's comment on the other post that having a histogram with a log scale seems weird to me =).

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