In my Rails app, I'm using Twitter Bootstrap. My footer is properly displayed on screens with landscape mode with width required enough.
Here is how it looks:
But, on a browser on my Android Galaxy Note, it appears broken. The footer appears correct if I use the browser in landscape mode, but in the portrait mode it breaks. It looks like:
Here is my code:
<div id="footer">
<div class="container">
<p class="muted credit" style="text-align: center" >
© 2013 WebsiteName.com All Rights Reserved. |
Privacy Policy |
<%= link_to 'Terms of Service', terms_of_service_path %>
</p>
</div>
</div>
The CSS for the above is borrowed from Example - sticky-footer :
html,
body {
height: 100%;
/* The html and body elements cannot have any padding or margin. */
}
/* Wrapper for page content to push down footer */
#wrap {
min-height: 100%;
height: auto !important;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
/* Negative indent footer by it's height */
margin: 0 auto -60px;
position: fixed;
left:0;
top:0;
}
/* Set the fixed height of the footer here */
#push,
#footer {
height: 60px;
}
#footer {
background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
/* Lastly, apply responsive CSS fixes as necessary */
#media (max-width: 767px) {
#footer {
margin-left: -20px;
margin-right: -20px;
padding-left: 20px;
padding-right: 20px;
}
}
.container .credit {
margin: 20px 0;
}
I don't know why does it not render it correctly. I am new to the Responsive CSS and I am learning. Please let me know what's wrong.
It renders perfectly normal. There is not enough space for the content to fit on one row, so it goes on a new row. If you want your links not to be separated on two rows like this and always fit on one row, try: white-space: nowrap; on the anchor tag, globally or on resolution of your choice.
Related
So I'm attempting to create the above. Is there a smart way of making the menu component? Or does the container element have to cover most of the content component (it has to be a rectangle and in itself use CSS Grid to position the left part and the top part of the menu)?
This doesn't exactly match your single 'L' shape component requirement, but should get you closer than you were before.
A couple notes worth mentioning:
This simply answers your question as a html/css question, not in React style. You could split this up into two components like you were hoping for by using every html/css element other than body-content, then having body-content html/css as the child
Not sure exactly how you want to handle your content, but with this code the App-Header will scroll with your content. If you want it to be fixed and stay above the content copy the MainMenu's css, but style it for vertical scrolling.
Hope this gets you going in the right direction.
body {
margin: 0px;
}
.App-header {
background-color: #203764;
height: 80px;
padding: 10px;
color: white;
}
/* Style page content */
.main-content {
margin-left: 160px; /* Same as the width of the MainMenu */
}
.body-content {
padding: 20px;
}
/* The MainMenu menu */
.MainMenu {
height: 100%; /* Full-height: remove this if you want "auto" height */
width: 160px; /* Set the width of the sidebar */
position: fixed; /* Fixed Sidebar (stay in place on scroll) */
z-index: 1; /* Stay on top */
top: 0; /* Stay at the top */
left: 0;
background-color: #111; /* Black */
overflow-x: hidden; /* Disable horizontal scroll */
color: #FFF;
}
<div class="App">
<div class="MainMenu">Main Menu</div>
<div class="main-content">
<header class="App-header">Header</header>
<div class="body-content">Content</div>
</div>
</div>
First of all, here's the jsfiddle for the particular markup/styling in question.
Main question is why the img and text box (dark_block) do not have the same margin. Both are set to 100% width of the container div, so I'm not sure what's up. Mind taking a look?
Other things I'm still trying to figure out and googling (thus far) has not helped me:
When the text box is in-line (to the left) of the photo container, how do I get it to be the same height as the photo container
If the image's width is smaller than the photo container, how do I get it to center horizontally and vertically?
For accessibility sake, can I just create a non-responsive version of the css before the #media tag stuff?
Sorry, I'm sort of new to web development, and any help would definitely be appreciated. Also if anything in the code fragment seems awfully done, call me out! I'd love to learn some best-practices in addition to solving the issue at hand. Especially display types, having a hard time wrapping my head around 'em.
Appreciate you taking the time to look at this!
John
CODE:
<div id="home_top_container">
<div id="photo_slider">
<img src="redacted">
</div>
<div id="dark_block"></div>
</div>
#home_top_contianer {
width: 100%;
margin-left: 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
#media screen and (min-width: 800px){
#photo_slider{
float:right;
background-color: #cccccc;
padding: 0px;
width: 69%;
min-width: 500px;
display: inline-block;
}
}
#media screen and (max-width: 799px){
#photo_slider{
float:none;
background-color: #cccccc;
padding: 0px;
width: 100%;
min-width: 500px;
display: inline-block;
}
}
#media screen and (min-width: 800px){
#dark_block {
float:left;
background-color: #383838;
padding: 10px;
width: 28%;
display: inline-block;
}
}
#media screen and (max-width: 799px){
#dark_block {
float:left;
background-color: #383838;
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 10px;
width: 100%;
min-height: 200px;
display: inline-block;
}
}
img {
max-width: 100%;
margin: 0px;
}
You need to read up on the CSS box model. The width of an element refers to its content. The padding, border and margin are then added it to it. That means your #dark_block is actually 100% + 2*10px wide.
The proper solution would be to set #dark_block to display: block and remove both floatand width. The default value for width is auto, which automatically makes the block as wide s possible without overflowing. Rule of thumb in web development: If you give a display: block element width: 100%, then you are doing something wrong.
Another simple solution would be to set box-sizing: border-box; on #dark_block, however box-sizing is a relatively new property, so it won't work if you need to support older browsers.
Getting them to the same height, is not a trivial thing. You could use the display: table-* properties, and give them height: 100% but that requires you to put #dark_block first in the HTML.
Quick example:
<div id="home_top_container">
<div>
<div id="dark_block"></div>
<div id="photo_slider">
<img src="http://caldwellfellows.ncsu.edu/wp/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Justin-sews.jpg">
</div>
</div>
</div>
#home_top_container > div > div {
display: table-cell;
width: 50%;
border: 1px solid red;
}
img {
width: 100%;
}
Again centering vertically is not a trivial thing in CSS. Your best bet would be to use display: table-cell with vertical-align: middle.
Most certainly. Especially you should move all properties that are common to all media-variants to outside the media rules, so that you don't repeat them.
Also it's no need to repeat the media rules around each rule. Just have one media rule:
#media screen and (min-width: 800px) {
#photo_slider {
/* ... */
}
#dark_block {
/* ... */
}
}
#media screen and (max-width: 799px) {
#photo_slider {
/* ... */
}
#dark_block {
/* ... */
}
}
I have a page with only a couple of lines of content. I want the footer to be pushed to the bottom.
<div id="footer"></div>
I don't want to use
#footer
{
position:fixed;
bottom:0;
}
AKA Sticky Footer
Is this possible without jQuery?
any suggestions?
This Flexbox solution is neater and far easier to implement:
HTML
<body>
<div class="content">
content
</div>
<footer class="footer"></footer>
</body>
CSS
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
body {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
.content {
flex: 1 0 auto;
}
.footer {
flex-shrink: 0;
}
Just ensure you wrap the necessary divs inside the body.
Update 2021 - CSS GRID
Here is a solution using CSS Grid, this is by far the best way to do it on 2021.
html, body {
margin: 0;
height: 100%;
}
body {
display: grid;
grid-gap: 10px;
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
grid-template-areas: "main" "footer";
grid-template-rows: 1fr 80px;
}
main {
background-color: #F8BBD0;
grid-area: main;
}
footer {
background-color: #7E57C2;
grid-area: footer;
}
<body>
<main>The content</main>
<footer>Footer</footer>
</body>
Old Answer
There is another sticky footer by Ryan Fait that doesn't use position fixed:
* {
margin: 0;
}
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
.wrapper {
min-height: 100%;
height: auto !important; /* This line and the next line are not necessary unless you need IE6 support */
height: 100%;
margin: 0 auto -155px; /* the bottom margin is the negative value of the footer's height */
}
.footer, .push {
height: 155px; /* .push must be the same height as .footer */
}
Here is a solution that does not require that the footer be placed outside of the main wrapper element, which is how most people structure their pages.
html,
body {
margin: 0;
height: 100%;
}
.wrapper {
box-sizing: border-box;
position: relative;
padding-bottom: 1em; /* Height of footer */
min-height: 100%;
}
header {
background-color: #cff;
}
footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
color: #fff;
background-color: #000;
}
<div class="wrapper">
<header>I am the header.</header>
<article>I am content that doesn't fill the page. The footer will appear at the bottom of the browser window. However, when I do fill the page, you will need to scroll down to see the footer.</article>
<footer>I am the footer.</footer>
</div>
Explanation
The wrapper element will fill 100% of the viewport height. (You could also use 100vh for the wrapper if you don't want to set the height of the html and body elements.) The wrapper also has a bottom padding to create a placeholder for the footer to sit.
The footer is absolutely positioned to the bottom of the wrapper and sits in the placeholder created by the wrapper's bottom padding.
This means that when the page does not have scrollbars, the footer will be positioned at the very bottom. However, when there is enough content for scrollbars to appear, the footer will be pushed down below the content.
(The color and background-color CSS properties in the example are for decoration only, obviously. They are included so that when you run the code, you can clearly see the separated sections.)
Try Sticky Footer Solution by Steve Hatcher
/*
Sticky Footer Solution
by Steve Hatcher
http://stever.ca
http://www.cssstickyfooter.com
*/
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
/* must declare 0 margins on everything, also for main layout components use padding, not
vertical margins (top and bottom) to add spacing, else those margins get added to the total height
and your footer gets pushed down a bit more, creating vertical scroll bars in the browser */
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
#wrap {
min-height: 100%;
}
#main {
overflow: auto;
padding-bottom: 180px;
}
/* must be same height as the footer */
#footer {
position: relative;
margin-top: -180px; /* negative value of footer height */
height: 180px;
clear: both;
}
/*Opera Fix*/
body:before {
/* thanks to Maleika (Kohoutec)*/
content: "";
height: 100%;
float: left;
width: 0;
margin-top: -32767px; /* thank you Erik J - negate effect of float*/
}
/* IMPORTANT
You also need to include this conditional style in the <head> of your HTML file to feed this style to IE 6 and lower and 8 and higher.
<!--[if !IE 7]>
<style type="text/css">
#wrap {display:table;height:100%}
</style>
<![endif]-->
*/
Another way to do this if you don't know the footer size is to use javascript and css
html, body{
height:100%;
height:100%;
}
#footer{
background-color: #292c2f !important;
position:absolute;bottom:0px;
}
and Javascript part
$(document).ready(function(){
if ($(document).height() > $(window).height()) {
$('#footer').css('position', 'relative');
}
});
You can do this with another approach just easily by setting min-height on the tag before your footer tag.
.the-tag-before-footer{
min-height:30%;
}
I tried a lot of approaches, but results were different when page was totally fill or not. The simplest and efficient solution is to use flex.
html, body {height: 100%;}
body {display: flex; flex-direction: column;}
.content {flex: 1 0 auto; padding: 20px;}
.footer {flex-shrink: 0; padding: 20px;}
<div class="content">
<h1>The GOAT Footer with Flexbox</h1>
<p>You can add content to test with a full page</p>
</div>
<footer class="footer">
The GOAT Footer
</footer>
Credits to CSS Trick
First wrap all of your main content in a div element and give it a class of “wrapper” (or call it whatever you want).
HTML:
<body>
<div class="wrapper">
<h1>Main Content</h1>
</div>
<footer>
<p>Footer Content</p>
</footer>
</body>
Now, make sure you give your footer a height.
Then use the calc() function to set the height of your wrapper equal to the height of the viewport (display), minus the height of the footer.
.wrapper {
min-height: calc(100vh - 50px);
}
footer {
height: 50px;
}
Now, if you have extra margins on your wrapper content you will have to increase the amount of pixels you subtract from the viewport height to reflect that. Other than that, this is a super easy and quick fix. No javascript needed, and only two CSS rules.
The problem is simple to solve for anyone using Bootstrap 4 or higher, just include this snippet on your website:
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
if ($('body').height() < $(window).height()) {
$('footer').addClass('position-absolute bottom-0');
} else {
$('footer').addClass('position-static');
}
});
</script>
Here we check if the height of the BODY tag is less than the height of the browser window, if positive we place the footer at the bottom of the page and if negative we make the footer static and it will remain where it is. You don't need to change your current code, you just need to include this javascript in your page or package, remembering that to work the <body> tag must have position: relative, if you haven't changed the tag's "position" property in CSS <body>, you don't need to do anything as it is the default value.
Make sure to include the code after jquery, without jquery it won't work.
If you are not using the <footer> tag, you should change the $('footer') selector as appropriate.
I want to create an HTML page which:
Appears centred horizontally
Has a white background the entire height of the window
Contains a fixed header and scrollable content
I am having two issues related to {width: 100%} and {height: 100%}.
My header is 100% of the page width, when I expect it to be 100% of its parent width.
The background appears at 100% of the window height, but it then scrolls up with the content.
I would appreciate any help in understanding how CSS treats the 100% value in these two cases. I am not asking for a workaround: I already have that. I am asking for insights into the way CSS thinks.
Many thanks in advance,
James
Here's a demo of the issue
And here's the barebones HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<title>Width & Height 100%</title>
<style>
html {
height:100%;
}
body {
background: #666;
height: 100%;
margin: 0;
}
#container {
position: relative;
height:100%;
background: white;
width: 400px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 0 0;
}
#header {
position:fixed;
z-index:100;
background:#ffe;
/* width:760px; */
width:100%;
height:64px;
}
#content {
position: absolute;
left:20px;
width:360px;
height:360px;
margin:64px 0 0 0;
background:#efe;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container">
<div id="header">
Fixed header
</div>
<div id="content">
Scrollable content
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
All of these fixed positions are going to give you headaches.
About the widths: the box model is usually the problem. I start every CSS with body height and width set to 100%, and then reset my box model so it matches across browsers, and applies all of my padding to the inside of a box instead of the outside:
/* Set box models to match across browsers. */
* {
box-sizing:border-box;
-moz-box-sizing:border-box;
webkit-box-sizing:border-box;
max-width:100%;
}
Then set your width on a container using padding, first the mobile width, then the screen width to override:
#container {
padding: 0px 10px;
}
#media only screen
and (min-width : 700px) {
#container {
padding: 0% 30%;
}
}
For a full layout, you can visit my site:
http://instancia.net/fluid-sticky-footer-layout/
I should probably add the mobile bit to that page. :)
Fix header
Change the header position fixed to position absolute
Fix content height
* {
margin: 0;
}
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
#container{
min-height: 100%;
height: auto !important;
height: 100%;
background:#efe;
}
#content {
padding: 64px 20px 0;
}
Live example with pos fixed
http://jsfiddle.net/qB4sD/1/
I am trying to stretch the content area of the page to 100%. I have got a fixed header (50px height) and a sticky footer (95px height) and anything in between should use 100% height...However I can't get this to work. Here is my CSS
<div id="wrap">
<!-- fixed top navigation -->
<div id="main">
<!-- main content -->
</div>
</div>
<footer>
<!-- footer -->
</footer>
The CSS is like this
html, body {
height: 100%; /* needed for container min-height */
}
#wrap {min-height: 100%;}
#main {
position:relative; /* needed for footer positioning*/
overflow:auto;
padding-bottom: 95px; /* must be same height as the footer */
padding-top:50px;
min-height:100%;
}
footer {
position: relative;
margin-top: -95px; /* negative value of footer height */
height: 95px;
background-color:#ebebeb;
}
body {margin:0px;padding:0px;}
Any ideas how to do this?
if you've putted the footer relative ("sticky") meaning you want you website to scroll down with the content.
so you need do create another div ("block") -> in the HTML position the div between header and footer,
and give it a width of 100% and a height of auto; (meaning: the div will fill up verticaly with the amount of content putted in it.
you can make the footer like
footer{
position: absolute;
border: 3px solid #eee;
height: 30px;
top: auto;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
}
i have tried before a lot
try use javascript to set height 100%
or try to use frameset
UPDATE
this article for using css
http://www.dave-woods.co.uk/index.php/100-height-layout-using-css/
but i am sure 90% that it may have a problems with different browsers but try it.
and this article for using jQuery
http://nicholasbarger.com/2011/08/04/jquery-makes-100-height-so-much-easier/
and this for using frameset
http://www.echoecho.com/htmlframes08.htm
and
http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_frames.asp
Finally you will choose what is useful for your project
Good Luck
My Regards
The best and simple way is
html,body{
height:100%;
}
#wrap {
height: calc(100%-50px-95px);
}
.footer {
//your code here
height: 95px;
}