To horizontally center an element, one sets width to x, left to 50% and margin-left to -x/2. This works perfectly with x = 50 % (see example below). Why does it not work for vertical centering? The example below does not work.
div.myDiv {
width: 50%;
height: 50%;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
margin-left: -25%;
margin-top: -25%;
position: absolute;
border: 1px solid #555;
}
<div class="myDiv">I'm a div</div>
Tested in FF10 and IE8 with HTML 4.01 Transitional and only one div-tag in the body-section.
You don't have fixed width and height (fluid). So you can't make the div in center vertically just using the CSS you mentioned in your post. You need to go with javascript or jQuery to achieve that. I have done this before, so I am just linking it here. https://stackoverflow.com/a/15293191/1577396
As specified in W3C, the margin properties including margin-top and margin-bottom refers the width of the containing block (not the height), if set in percentages.
So, you can't align a fluid container vertically using margin-top and margin-bottom as the case in fixed dimension container.
Vertical centering can be done in css playing with display: table-cell or fiddling with line-height - just a starting point for you to play with
Try this:
div.myDiv {
margin: 0 auto;
}
auto will get you the horizontal centering you are looking for OR you can just set auto for the entire myDiv to get both vertical and horizontal centering.
div.myDiv {
margin:auto;
}
Related
Currently I'm working on a website for myself. I decided to go for a header content footer design where the footer shall be stuck to the bottom all the time. Hence I set up a wrapper with position: relative, containing the header (#top), content (#middle), and footer (#bottom). Bottom got position: absolute with top: 0.
I've also set height: 100% for html and body and a appropriate padding-bottom for #middle to ensure that my footer won't overlap #middle.
Please find a simplified sample version here: http://www.webdevout.net/test?0w
Here is the CSS in question:
* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
html, body {height: 100%}
#wrapper {
position: relative;
background-color: #ccc;
min-height: 100%;
}
#middle {
background-color: #900;
padding-bottom: 200px;
}
#top, #bottom {
width: 100%;
height: 200px;
background-color: #bb5;
}
#bottom {position: absolute; bottom: 0;}
Now here's my problem: my understanding of the box-model is, that one should be able to achieve the same (keeping the space for the footer) with margin-bottom instead of padding-bottom for #middle, but margin-bottom isn't applied to it. I've read that min-height doesn't consider padding, border or margin, but the padding is considered here while border and margin aren't.
FF and Chrome show different behaviors when margin-bottom is used instead of padding-bottom for #middle: while Chrome just ignores the margin, FF applies it below #wrapper. My general idea would have been that my container should grow to the total size of its content with min-height, including height + padding + border + margin of #middle, but obviously it just grows to overall size of #top + height of #middle + padding of #middle.
I wonder what is the correct behavior and why padding and margin aren't interchangeable to keep the space for the footer.
While an explanation would be much appreciated, I'd be also thankful for a link to a source which could help me. I'm sorry if this duplicates another post, but I didn't find something (neither here nor via Google) fitting my special problem.
Thank you!
i had faced same problem like u are facing.
You have to use this piece of code.
#middle {
display: table;
margin: 2% auto;
width: 100%;
}
use of display : table works for me to set margin from top and bottom.
I'm working on an overlay in CSS and ran into a cross browser issue. The overlay height should be 80% of the viewport and be centered vertically. (80% height on the element, -40% top margin, 50% from top positioned absolutely).
The fiddle below works in Chrome but not in Firefox.. the issue seems to be the percentage for margin-top. Make sure to resize your browser to see the full effect.
Fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/DEn6r/1/
Thank you for helping!
Since you're using percentages for both top and margin-top, you can combine them, and simply use top: 10%.
See this demo: http://jsfiddle.net/jackwanders/DEn6r/3/
Also, if you'd like to drop the negative left margin, you can use this trick to center the div horizontally:
#inside {
position: absolute;
width: 300px;
height: 80%;
top: 10%;
left: 0;
right: 0; // set left and right to 0
margin: 0 auto; // set left and right margins to auto
background: white;
}
I need to center images that will be wider than the parent div that contains them. the parent div is a fixed width and has the overflow set to hidden.
<div style='overflow:hidden; width:75px height:100px;'>
<img src='image.jpg' style='height:100px;' />
</div>
I must use an image as the child element because I need to resize the thumbnail dimensions and cannot rely on background-size since it is not supported on older versions of mobile safari which is a requirement. I also cannot use javascript for this, so it must be a css solution.
One more thing to note is that widths will vary between images, so I can't just use absolute positioning on the child element at a hard-coded offset.
Is this possible?
UPDATE:
for posterity, I've just found out that this can be accomplished on the older versions of mobile safari by using
-webkit-background-size:auto 100px;
of course, the background will be set as usual using 50% for left positioning. If you need this to work on another browser, the accepted solution is probably the best, but since this question was related to the iphone, this solution is a little cleaner.
How adverse are you to extra markup? Also, is there a max size for the images? For example, if your max image width is 225px then you could try:
<div class="frame">
<div>
<img src="image.jpg"/>
</div>
</div>
.frame {
overflow: hidden;
width: 75px;
height: 100px;
position: relative;
}
.frame > div {
position: absolute;
left: -5075px;
width: 10225px;
text-align: center;
}
.frame img {
height: 100px;
display: inline-block;
}
A fiddle example here: http://jsfiddle.net/brettwp/bW4xD/
Wouldn't using a background image still work? You shouldn't need to resize it.
Does something like this make sense? http://jsfiddle.net/QHRHP/44/
.container{
margin:0 auto;
width:400px;
border:2px solid #000;
height:250px;
background:url(http://placekitten.com/800/250) center top no-repeat;
}
Well if you know the width of the div and the width of the image, you can simply do some math.
Let's say the div is width 200px and the image is width 300px:
div.whatever {
width: 200px;
}
img.someImg {
left: -50px;
position: relative;
}
We know that since the width of the div is 200 pixes, then 100 pixels will be cropped from the image. If you want to center the image, then 50 pixels be hidden past the boundaries of the div on either side. Thus, we set the left position of the image to -50px.
Example (knowing the image size): http://jsfiddle.net/7YJCD/4/
Does that make sense?
If you don't know the image size or the div size, you can use javascript to detect these values and do the same thing.
Example (not knowing the image size, using jQuery javascript): http://jsfiddle.net/K2Rkg/1/
Just for reference, here's the original image.
I have a footer div with 100% width. It's about 50px high, depending on its content.
Is it possible to give that #footer a background image that kind of overflows this div?
The image is about 800x600px, and I want it to be positioned in the left bottom corner of the footer. It should work sort of like a background image for my website, but I've already set a background image on my body. I need another image positioned at the bottom left corner of my website and the #footer div would be perfect for that.
#footer {
clear: both;
width: 100%;
margin: 0;
padding: 30px 0 0;
background:#eee url(images/bodybgbottomleft.png) no-repeat left bottom fixed;
}
The image is set to the footer, however it doesn't overflow the div. Is it possible to make that happen?
overflow:visible doesn't do the job!
There is a very easy trick. Set padding of that div to a positive number and margin to negative
#wrapper {
background: url(xxx.jpeg);
padding-left: 10px;
margin-left: -10px;
}
I do not believe that you can make a background image overflow its div. Images placed in Image tags can overflow their parent div, but background images are limited by the div for which they are the background.
You can use a css3 psuedo element (:before and/or :after) as shown in this article
https://www.exratione.com/2011/09/how-to-overflow-a-background-image-using-css3/
Good Luck...
No, you can't.
But as a solid workaround, I would suggest to classify that first div as position:relative and use div::before to create an underlying element containing your image. Classified as position:absolute you can move it anywhere relative to your initial div.
Don't forget to add content to that new element. Here's some example:
div {
position: relative;
}
div::before {
content: ""; /* empty but necessary */
position: absolute;
background: ...
}
Note: if you want it to be 'on top' of the parent div, use div::after instead.
Using background-size cover worked for me.
#footer {
background-color: #eee;
background-image: url(images/bodybgbottomleft.png);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: cover;
clear: both;
width: 100%;
margin: 0;
padding: 30px 0 0;
}
Obviously be aware of support issues, check Can I Use: http://caniuse.com/#search=background-size
Use trasform: scale(1.1) property to make bg image bigger, move it up with position: relative; top: -10px;
<div class="home-hero">
<div class="home-hero__img"></div>
</div>
.home-hero__img{
position:relative;
top:-10px;
transform: scale(1.1);
background: {
size: contain;
image: url('image.svg');
}
}
You mention already having a background image on body.
You could set that background image on html, and the new one on body. This will of course depend upon your layout, but you wouldn't need to use your footer for it.
Not really - the background image is bounded by the element it's applied to, and the overflow properties only apply to the content (i.e. markup) within an element.
You can add another div into your footer div and apply the background image to that, though, and have that overflow instead.
This could help.
It requires the footer height to be a fixed number. Basically, you have a div inside the footer div with it's normal content, with position: absolute, and then the image with position: relative, a negative z-index so it stays "below" everything, and a negative top value of the footer's height minus the image height (in my example, 50px - 600px = -550px). Tested in Chrome 8, FireFox 3.6 and IE 9.
This question already has answers here:
How to center an element horizontally and vertically
(27 answers)
How can I horizontally center an element?
(133 answers)
How can I vertically center a div element for all browsers using CSS?
(48 answers)
Closed 3 years ago.
when i use top:50% and left:50%
the box is not directly in center. of course when the box is very small, it appears to be centered. but when box is a bit big, it looks as if it's not centered.
how can i resolve this ?
top and left correspond to the top-left corner of your box. What you're trying to do is have them correspond to the center. So if you set margin-top and margin-left to negative of one-half the height and width respectively, you'll get a centered box.
Example for a 300x200 box:
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
margin-left: -150px;
margin-top: -100px;
using translate will perfectly achieve that. simply apply this
div.centered {
position: fixed; /* or absolute */
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
/* bring your own prefixes */
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
source
Horizontal: Use a fixed width and
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
vertical: That's not that easy. You could use
display: table-cell
for the surrounding DIV and then give it a
vertical-align: middle
You can assign the box a fixed width and heigth, and then give it's margin-top and margin-left properties the negative half of the height and width.
EDIT: Example
div.centered {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
position: absolute;
margin-top: -200px;
margin-left: -250px;
}
One way is to assign a specific width to the box, then halve the remaining distance on each (left and right) side. This may be easier if you use percentages instead of pixel widths, e.g.,
<div style="margin-left:25%; margin-right:25%">...</div>
This leaves 50% width for the div box.
The very bizarre CSS "language" does not provide a simple way to center a element in the screen. Kludges must be made! This is the only solution I came to elements that are AUTO in both height and width. Tryed in FF19 (Win+Mac), CH25 (Win+Mac) and IE9.
.overlay {
position:absolute;
top:0;
left:0;
width:100%;
height:100%;
background-color:#eee; /* aesthetics as you wish */
}
.overlay .vref { /* it is a vertical reference to make vertical-align works */
display:inline-block;
vertical-align:middle; /* this makes the magic */
width:1px;
height:100%;
overflow:hidden;
}
.overlay .message {
display:inline-block;
padding:10px;
border:2px solid #f00; /* aesthetics as you wish */
background-color:#ddd; /* aesthetics as you wish */
vertical-align:middle; /* this makes the magic */
max-width:100%; /* prevent long phrases break the v-alignment */
}
<div class="overlay">
<div class="vref"> </div>
<div class="message">whatever you want goes here</div>
<div class="vref"> </div>
</div>
body { text-align: center; }
#box {
width: 500px; /* or whatever your width is */
margin: 10px auto;
text-align: left;
}
The above would centre your box centrally horizontally on the page with a 10px margin at the top and bottom (obviously that top/bottom margin can be altered to whatever you want). The 'text-align' on the body is required for IE, which as usual doesn't quite get the hang of it otherwise. You then need the left text-align on your box (unless you want text it in centred too) to counteract the text-align center on the body.
Trying to centre vertically is just about impossible using pure CSS though. Though there's a vertical-align in CSS, it doesn't work like the HTML vertical align in tables, so in CSS 2 there's no in-built vertical align like the HTML one. The problem is that you're dealing with an unknown height - even if you know the height of your box, the height of the page is unknown, or rather what are you trying to fix the box in the centre of? The page? The viewport? The visible screen area's going to be different for everyone, depending on their screen resolution, browser, and all of the browsers interpret the height differently.
There are various methods that claim to have solved the problem, but usually they don't reliably work in all browsers. I found this one the other day, which doesn't seem bad, but it doesn't work in Google Chrome (works in Firefox and Opera, but I didn't get chance to check out IE). There's an interesting discussion on the problem though on this thread on Webmaster World that summarises the various methods and pros and cons of them and is well worth a look.
Edit:
Dav's solution in the first response works okay as long as you (or the visitor to the site) don't increase the font size or line height. The container will be centred, but as soon as the font size is increased or more content added, it'll overflow the container.