I'd like to apply a series of styles to browsers that meet two criteria:
Are not Internet Explorer.
Are a minimum of 1400px.
Individually I can handle each:
#supports(not (-ms-high-contrast:active))
#media(min-width: 1400px)
I'd like to do something like this though:
#media(min-width: 1400px) and #supports(not(-ms-high-contrast:active))
Does CSS allow for this in some way?
I've noticed that this can be done by nesting directives, but I'm hoping to find a cleaner and more readable solution.
At-rules such as #media, #supports and #keyframes are separate rules that cannot be grouped together by their at-keywords. That is, it's not possible to write a single rule with a single pair of curly braces that combines two different at-keywords as you are trying to do. So, unfortunately, nesting is your only option here.
The best you can do is write both statements — and their opening/closing braces — on the same lines:
#supports not (-ms-high-contrast: active) { #media (min-width: 1400px) {
}}
This is basically nesting them as shown in the linked question, minus the excess line breaks and indentation.
This question already has answers here:
Does 'all' add anything to a media query?
(2 answers)
Closed 7 years ago.
What is the difference between this two:
#media all and (orientation: portrait){}
#media(orientation:portrait){}
I always thought that by default media queries affected all medias, therefore there is no need for that all, but I see that so frequently lately that I'm not sure any more.
Is there really a difference?
As the documentation says:
A shorthand syntax is offered for media queries that apply to all media types; the keyword ‘all’ can be left out (along with the trailing ‘and’). I.e. if the media type is not explicitly given it is ‘all’.
I.e. these are identical:
#media all and (min-width:500px) { … }
#media (min-width:500px) { … }
As are these:
#media (orientation: portrait) { … }
#media all and (orientation: portrait) { … }
There's no difference, feels like just an artefact from the spec authors, left there maybe so that the code can be more intuitive.
I would like to apply a CSS media query to a certain screen size AND print media type.
Is it possible to do it with something like:
#media (min-width: 768px) and print {...}
The correct way to do this is: #media print, (min-width: 768px){..}
Comment from LcSalazar:
Just a tip, in this case is not "AND" but "OR"... "AND" has another
meaning, that is if both conditions were met.
The correct way to apply css to
screen size AND print media type
is
#media print and (min-width: 768px) { }
http://jsfiddle.net/kjtz9jaq/1/
If you don't put the and then you get results that affect screen as well demonstrated here
http://jsfiddle.net/kjtz9jaq/
When writing a CSS media query, is there any way you can specify multiple conditions with "OR" logic?
I'm attempting to do something like this:
/* This doesn't work */
#media screen and (max-width: 995px OR max-height: 700px) {
...
}
Use a comma to specify two (or more) different rules:
#media screen and (max-width: 995px),
screen and (max-height: 700px) {
...
}
From https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries/Using_media_queries
Commas are used to combine multiple media queries into a single rule. Each query in a comma-separated list is treated separately from the others. Thus, if any of the queries in a list is true, the entire media statement returns true. In other words, lists behave like a logical or operator.
CSS Media Queries & Logical Operators: A Brief Overview ;)
The quick answer.
Separate rules with commas:
#media handheld, (min-width: 650px), (orientation: landscape) { ... }
The long answer.
There's a lot here, but I've tried to make it information dense, not just fluffy writing. It's been a good chance to learn myself! Take the time to systematically read though and I hope it will be helpful.
Media Queries
Media queries essentially are used in web design to create device- or situation-specific browsing experiences; this is done using the #media declaration within a page's CSS. This can be used to display a webpage differently under a large number of circumstances: whether you are on a tablet or TV with different aspect ratios, whether your device has a color or black-and-white screen, or, perhaps most frequently, when a user changes the size of their browser or switches between browsing devices with varying screen sizes (very generally speaking, designing like this is referred to as Responsive Web Design)
Logical Operators
In designing for these situations, there appear to be four Logical Operators that can be used to require more complex combinations of requirements when targeting a variety of devices or viewport sizes.
(Note: If you don't understand the the differences between media rules, media queries, and feature queries, browse the bottom section of this answer first to get a bit better acquainted with the terminology associated with media query syntax
1. AND (and keyword)
Requires that all conditions specified must be met before the styling rules will take effect.
#media screen and (min-width: 700px) and (orientation: landscape) { ... }
The specified styling rules won't go into place unless all of the following evaluate as true:
The media type is 'screen' and
The viewport is at least 700px wide and
Screen orientation is currently landscape.
Note: I believe that used together, these three feature queries make up a single media query.
2. OR (Comma-separated lists)
Rather than an or keyword, comma-separated lists are used in chaining multiple media queries together to form a more complex media rule
#media handheld, (min-width: 650px), (orientation: landscape) { ... }
The specified styling rules will go into effect once any one media query evaluates as true:
The media type is 'handheld' or
The viewport is at least 650px wide or
Screen orientation is currently landscape.
3. NOT (not keyword)
The not keyword can be used to negate a single media query (and NOT a full media rule--meaning that it only negates entries between a set of commas and not the full media rule following the #media declaration).
Similarly, note that the not keyword negates media queries, it cannot be used to negate an individual feature query within a media query.*
#media not screen and (min-resolution: 300dpi), (min-width: 800px) { ... }
The styling specified here will go into effect if
The media type AND min-resolution don't both meet their requirements ('screen' and '300dpi' respectively) or
The viewport is at least 800 pixels wide.
In other words, if the media type is 'screen' and the min-resolution is 300 dpi, the rule will not go into effect unless the min-width of the viewport is at least 800 pixels.
(The not keyword can be a little funky to state. Let me know if I can do better. ;)
4. ONLY (only keyword)
As I understand it, the only keyword is used to prevent older browsers from misinterpreting newer media queries as the earlier-used, narrower media type. When used correctly, older/non-compliant browsers should just ignore the styling altogether.
<link rel="stylesheet" media="only screen and (color)" href="example.css" />
An older / non-compliant browser would just ignore this line of code altogether, I believe as it would read the only keyword and consider it an incorrect media type. (See here and here for more info from smarter people)
FOR MORE INFO
For more info (including more features that can be queried), see: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Media_queries#Logical_operators
Understanding Media Query Terminology
Note: I needed to learn the following terminology for everything here to make sense, particularly concerning the not keyword. Here it is as I understand it:
A media rule (MDN also seems to call these media statements) includes the term #media with all of its ensuing media queries
#media all and (min-width: 800px)
#media only screen and (max-resolution:800dpi), not print
#media screen and (min-width: 700px), (orientation: landscape)
#media handheld, (min-width: 650px), (min-aspect-ratio: 1/1)
A media query is a set of feature queries. They can be as simple as one feature query or they can use the and keyword to form a more complex query. Media queries can be comma-separated to form more complex media rules (see the or keyword above).
screen (Note: Only one feature query in use here.)
only screen
only screen and (max-resolution:800dpi)
only tv and (device-aspect-ratio: 16/9) and (color)
NOT handheld, (min-width: 650px). (Note the comma: there are two media queries here.)
A feature query is the most basic portion of a media rule and simply concerns a given feature and its status in a given browsing situation.
screen
(min-width: 650px)
(orientation: landscape)
(device-aspect-ratio: 16/9)
Code snippets and information derived from:
CSS media queries by Mozilla Contributors (licensed under CC-BY-SA 2.5). Some code samples were used with minor alterations to (hopefully) increase clarity of explanation.
There are two ways for writing a proper media queries in css. If you are writing media queries for larger device first, then the correct way of writing will be:
#media only screen
and (min-width : 415px){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen
and (min-width : 769px){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen
and (min-width : 992px){
/* Styles */
}
But if you are writing media queries for smaller device first, then it would be something like:
#media only screen
and (max-width : 991px){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen
and (max-width : 768px){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen
and (max-width : 414px){
/* Styles */
}
yes, using and, like:
#media screen and (max-width: 800px),
screen and (max-height: 600px) {
...
}
Yes, but not by using OR, you need to use and. Like,
#media screen and (max-width: 995px) and (max-height: 700px) {
...
}
And also, we can do it this way. The comma implies OR relationship,
#media screen and (max-width: 995px),
screen and (max-height: 700px) {
...
}
More information - Click here
I want to display the same set of CSS styles to people printing the page (media=print) and people browsing on a mobile phone. Is there a way I can combine CSS media queries?
Something like
#media only print or #media only screen and (max-device-width: 480px) {
#container {
width: 480px;
}
}
Separate them with a comma:
#media only print, only screen and (max-device-width: 480px)
See the spec, in particular, example VI (emphasis added):
Several media queries can be combined in a media query list. A
comma-separated list of media queries. If one or more of the media
queries in the comma-separated list are true, the whole list is true,
and otherwise false. In the media queries syntax, the comma expresses
a logical OR, while the ‘and’ keyword expresses a logical AND.
I doubt that the second only is needed, so you can probably do:
#media only print, screen and (max-device-width: 480px)
From https://developer.mozilla.org/en/CSS/Media_queries
You can combine multiple media queries in a comma-separated list; if
any of the media queries in the list is true, the associated style
sheet is applied. This is the equivalent of a logical "or" operation.
You just have to remove the second #media and add some brackets.