I've been tinkering with some css for an HTML markup. The problem I am facing is that there is a style already applied using CSS :first-line pseudo-class. What I want is to change the style of this first line on hover state. Is there a way to apply something like p:first-line:hover ?
You have to define the p:first-line before you can define the chain p:first-line:hover like so:
p:first-line { color: black; }
p:hover:first-line { color: red; }
Fiddle
Very fascinating topic! I tried a jQuery version and found out, that even that won't work. In Firefox, the class has to be applied first to work on hover, as you can see in this Fiddle. But WebKit completely ignores the :first-line on dynamic class adding.
<p class="hovered">Text .... </p>
For Firefox the class has to be set in the HTML code. Now, the following does the job.
jQuery('p').removeClass('hovered');
jQuery('p').hover(function() {
jQuery(this).addClass('hovered');
}, function() {
jQuery(this).removeClass('hovered');
});
But won't work in WebKit.
Yep, you can chain them (have a look here).
p:hover:first-line
I want to style code elements that are not inside a tags.
What is the best approach to accomplish this?
code:not(a code) doesn't seem to work at all, at least on Chrome, even though it seems like it should
I can't get it to work from the console either.
Are there any other css-only approaches I could use for this?
:not does not support combinator selectors.
If we're talking about its direct parent:
:not(a) > code
Otherwise there's no way to do this in CSS. You'll have to override it:
code {
/* some styles */
}
a code {
/* override previous styles */
}
Actually, you should be able to use your code 🤔, or you could use the wildcard character to select all elements to not be selected
code:not(a *) {
font-weight: bold;
}
Codepen
I haven't found any documentation yet, so I don't think it's doable.
But it's worth asking.
Can I specify actual Text inside a style, within the stylesheet?
I have a few places that use the same text in the same div places. And instead of using javascript or retyping the same text in the divs, I was pondering if styles can have actual "text" inserted inside.
.someclass {
text:"for example"; /* this is how I'd imagine it, IF it were possible */
color:#000;
}
I might be pushing this one.
You're looking for the content property.
Unfortunately, it can only be used with pseudo-elements.
This property is used with the :before and :after pseudo-elements to generate content in a document.
So you could do something like...
.someclass:before {
content: "This text will be added at the beginning of the element"
}
.someclass:after {
content: "This text will be added at the end of the element"
}
you can use this approach with the :before and :after pseudo-elements
.someclass:after {
content:"for example";
color:#000;
}
Use before or after pseudo-class to acheive this:
For example:
.someclass:before{
content:"for example";
}
I do not think that could be done in CSS. But in jQuery it would look like :
$('.someclass').html("for example");
i would like to deselect and #id item from a selection without changing HTML or adding any classname,
lets say i want to emulate this Jquery sentence in CSS
$('img').not('#thisone').CSS();
is it possible?
Use CSS3's :not() selector (which has an equivalent jQuery selector):
img:not(#thisone) {
}
If you need better browser support, there's always the fact that ID selectors, being the most specific simple selectors, are good for overrides:
img {
/* All images */
}
#thisone {
/* Revert styles for this particular image */
}
This might help
http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#negation
(Jquery does that internally anyway, I think, didn't check, though).
Is there any way to use conditional statements in CSS?
I'd say the closest thing to "IF" in CSS are media queries, such as those you can use for responsive design. With media queries, you're saying things like, "If the screen is between 440px and 660px wide, do this". Read more about media queries here: http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css3_pr_mediaquery.asp, and here's an example of how they look:
#media screen and (max-width: 300px) {
body {
background-color: lightblue;
}
}
That's pretty much the extent of "IF" within CSS, except to move over to SASS/SCSS (as mentioned above).
I think your best bet is to change your classes / IDs within the scripting language, and then treat each of the class/ID options in your CSS. For instance, in PHP, it might be something like:
<?php
if( A > B ){
echo '<div class="option-a">';
}
else{
echo '<div class="option-b">';
}
?>
Then your CSS can be like
.option-a {
background-color:red;
}
.option-b {
background-color:blue;
}
No. But can you give an example what you have in mind? What condition do you want to check?
Maybe Sass or Compass are interesting for you.
Quote from Sass:
Sass makes CSS fun again. Sass is CSS, plus nested rules, variables, mixins, and more, all in a concise, readable syntax.
CSS itself doesn't have conditional statements, but here's a hack involving custom properties (a.k.a. "css variables").
In this trivial example, you want to apply a padding based on a certain condition—like an "if" statement.
:root { --is-big: 0; }
.is-big { --is-big: 1; }
.block {
padding: calc(
4rem * var(--is-big) +
1rem * (1 - var(--is-big))
);
}
So any .block that's an .is-big or that's a descendant of one will have a padding of 4rem, while all other blocks will only have 1rem. Now I call this a "trivial" example because it can be done without the hack.
.block {
padding: 1rem;
}
.is-big .block,
.block.is-big {
padding: 4rem;
}
But I will leave its applications to your imagination.
The #supports rule (92% browser support July 2017) rule can be used for conditional logic on css properties:
#supports (display: -webkit-box) {
.for_older_webkit_browser { display: -webkit-box }
}
#supports not (display: -webkit-box) {
.newer_browsers { display: flex }
}
The only conditions available in CSS are selectors and #media. Some browsers support some of the CSS 3 selectors and media queries.
You can modify an element with JavaScript to change if it matches a selector or not (e.g. by adding a new class).
I would argue that you can use if statements in CSS. Although they aren't worded as such. In the example below, I've said that if the check-box is checked I want the background changed to white. If you want to see a working example check out www.armstrongdes.com. I built this for a client. Re size your window so that the mobile navigation takes over and click the nav button. All CSS. I think it's safe to say this concept could be used for many things.
#sidebartoggler:checked + .page-wrap .hamb {
background: #fff;
}
// example set as if statement sudo code.
if (sidebaretoggler is checked == true) {
set the background color of .hamb to white;
}
CSS has become a very powerful tool over the years and it has hacks for a lot of things javaScript can do
There is a hack in CSS for using conditional statements/logic.
It involves using the symbol '~'
Let me further illustrate with an example.
Let's say you want a background to slide into the page when a button is clicked. All you need to do is use a radio checkbox.
Style the label for the radio underneath the button so that when the button is pressed the checkbox is also pressed.
Then you use the code below
.checkbox:checked ~ .background{
opacity:1
width: 100%
}
This code simply states IF the checkbox is CHECKED then open up the background ELSE leave it as it is.
css files do not support conditional statements.
If you want something to look one of two ways, depending on some condition, give it a suitable class using your server side scripting language or javascript. eg
<div class="oh-yes"></div>
<div class="hell-no"></div>
There is no native IF/ELSE for CSS available. CSS preprocessors like SASS (and Compass) can help, but if you’re looking for more feature-specific if/else conditions you should give Modernizr a try. It does feature-detection and then adds classes to the HTML element to indicate which CSS3 & HTML5 features the browser supports and doesn’t support. You can then write very if/else-like CSS right in your CSS without any preprocessing, like this:
.geolocation #someElem {
/* only apply this if the browser supports Geolocation */
}
.no-geolocation #someElem {
/* only apply this if the browser DOES NOT support Geolocation */
}
Keep in mind that you should always progressively enhance, so rather than the above example (which illustrates the point better), you should write something more like this:
#someElem {
/* default styles, suitable for both Geolocation support and lack thereof */
}
.geolocation #someElem {
/* only properties as needed to overwrite the default styling */
}
Note that Modernizr does rely on JavaScript, so if JS is disabled you wouldn’t get anything. Hence the progressive enhancement approach of #someElem first, as a no-js foundation.
Changing your css file to a scss file would allow you to do the trick. An example in Angular would be to use an ngClass and your scss would look like:
.sidebar {
height: 100%;
width: 60px;
&.is-open {
width: 150px
}
}
While this feels like a bit of a hack, and may not work perfectly in all browsers, a method I have used recently combines the fact that CSS (at least in Chrome) seems to ignore invalid values set on properties, and we can set custom properties that fall back to their default value when invalid.
(Note: I haven't deeply tested this, so treat it as a hacky proof of concept/possible idea)
The following is written in SCSS, but it should work just as well in standard CSS:
.hero-image {
// CSS ignores invalid property values
// When this var is set to an image URL, the browser will ignore it
// When this var isn't set, then we will use the default fallback for the var, which is 'none'
display: var(--loading-page-background-image, none);
// This part isn't directly relevant to my 'if' example, but shows how I was actually using this custom property normally
background-image: var(--loading-page-background-image, none);
}
I'm setting the custom property from JavaScript / React, but it would likely work regardless of how you set it:
// 'true' case
const chosenLoaderUrl = "https://www.example.com/loader.png";
// 'false' case
//const chosenLoaderUrl = "";
// containerRef is just a reference to the div object, you could get this with
// jquery or however you need. Since I'm in React, I used useRef() and attached
// that to my div
containerRef.current.style.setProperty(
"--loading-page-background-image",
`url(${chosenLoaderUrl})`
);
When chosenLoaderUrl is set to my url, that url is an invalid value for the display property, so it seems to get ignored.
When chosenLoaderUrl is set to an empty value, it falls back to the default value in my var() statement, so sets display to none
I'm not sure how 'generalisable' this concept it, but figured I would add it to the other suggestions here in case it is useful to anyone.
Your stylesheet should be thought of as a static table of available variables that your html document can call on based on what you need to display. The logic should be in your javascript and html, use javascript to dynamically apply attributes based on conditions if you really need to. Stylesheets are not the place for logic.
You can use combination of jquery and css classes i.e. I want to change a font color of certain element depending on the color of the background:
CSS:
.h3DarkMode{
color: lightgray;
}
.h3LightMode{
color: gray;
}
HTML:
<h3 class="myText">My Text Here...</h3>
JQuery:
var toggleMode = localStorage.getItem("toggleMode");
if (toggleMode == "dark"){
$(".myText").removeClass("h3LightMode").addClass("h3DarkMode");
}else{
$(".myText").removeClass("h3DarkMode").addClass("h3LightMode");
}
No you can't do if in CSS, but you can choose which style sheet you will use
Here is an example :
<!--[if IE 6]>
Special instructions for IE 6 here
<![endif]-->
will use only for IE 6 here is the website where it is from http://www.quirksmode.org/css/condcom.html , only IE has conditional comments. Other browser do not, although there are some properties you can use for Firefox starting with -moz or for safari starting with -webkit. You can use javascript to detect which browser you're using and use javascript if for whatever actions you want to perform but that is a bad idea, since it can be disabled.